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diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index 889a5265..617d1d37 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -1,1780 +1,1781 @@
Noteworthy changes in version 1.8.1 (unreleased)
------------------------------------------------
* cpp: Support for adduid and revuid operations.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.8.0 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_strerror_r CHANGED: Use gpgme_error_t (compatible type).
gpgme_data_set_flag CHANGED: Return gpgme_error_t (compatible type).
gpgme_op_createkey CHANGED: Meaning of 'expire' parameter.
gpgme_op_createsubkey CHANGED: Meaning of 'expire' parameter.
GPGME_CREATE_NOEXPIRE NEW.
cpp: Context::revUid(const Key&, const char*) NEW.
cpp: Context::startRevUid(const Key&, const char*) NEW.
cpp: Context::addUid(const Key&, const char*) NEW.
cpp: Context::startAddUid(const Key&, const char*) NEW.
cpp: Key::UserID::revoke() NEW.
cpp: Key::addUid() NEW.
qt: CryptoConfig::stringValueList() NEW.
gpgme_data_rewind UN-DEPRECATE.
py: Context.__init__ EXTENDED: New keyword arg home_dir.
py: Context.home_dir NEW.
py: Context.keylist EXTENDED: New keyword arg mode.
py: Context.create_key NEW.
py: Context.create_subkey NEW.
py: Context.key_add_uid NEW.
py: Context.key_revoke_uid NEW.
+ py: Context.key_sign NEW.
py: core.pubkey_algo_string NEW.
py: core.addrspec_from_uid NEW.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.8.0 (2016-11-16)
------------------------------------------------
* The module of the Python bindings has been renamed to 'gpg'.
* New interface to query current software versions.
* New feature to use gpg's --{show,override}session-key options.
* New interface to set the sender of a mail.
* qt: Added Distinguished Name parser from libkleo
* The --homedir option is now used with recent gpgconf versions.
* On 64 bit Windows systems gpgconf is now properly located.
* The internal locking functions have been replaced by libgpg-error
locking functions.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.7.1 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_set_sender NEW.
gpgme_get_sender NEW.
gpgme_op_query_swdb NEW.
gpgme_op_query_swdb_result NEW.
gpgme_query_swdb_result_t NEW.
gpgme_get_ctx_flag NEW.
gpgme_decrypt_result_t EXTENDED: New field session_key.
qt: DN NEW.
qt: DN::Attribute NEW.
qt: Job::context(Job*) NEW.
cpp: EngineInfo::Version::Version(const char*) NEW.
cpp: EngineInfo::Version::Version() NEW.
cpp: SwdbResult NEW.
cpp: Context::setSender(const char*) NEW.
cpp: Context::getSender() NEW.
[c=C28/A17/R0 cpp=C9/A3/R0 qt=C8/A1/R0]
Noteworthy changes in version 1.7.1 (2016-10-18)
------------------------------------------------
* Fixed problems with the new language bindings.
* New helper function gpgme_addrspec_from_uid.
* Use option --exit-on-status-write-error with newer gpg versions.
* qt: Missed API from the Qt Binding inclusion has
been added again.
* qt: abstractimportjob.h is now installed to that
ImportJobs can be used again.
* qt: Fixed spelling error in API (startReceive).
* Interface changes relative to the 1.7.0 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_addrspec_from_uid NEW.
qt: WksPublishJob::startRecieve RENAMED to ::startReceive.
qt: MultiDeleteJob NEW.
qt: AbstractImportJob NEW.
qt: SpecialJob NEW.
cpp: Signature::key(bool, bool) NEW.
cpp: UserID::addrSpecFromString(const char*) NEW.
cpp: UserID::addrSpec() NEW.
[c=C27/A16/R0 cpp=C8/A2/R0 qt=C7/A0/R0]
Noteworthy changes in version 1.7.0 (2016-09-21)
------------------------------------------------
* New language bindings for Python 2 and 3.
* New language Bindings for C++ and the Qt-Framework API.
* New functions gpgme_op_createkey and gpgme_op_createsubkey to make
key creation easier (requires GnuPG 2.1).
* New functions gpgme_op_adduid and gpgme_op_revuid to make user id
management easier (requires GnuPG 2.1).
* New function gpgme_op_keysign to make key signing easier (requires
GnuPG 2.1).
* New function gpgme_op_interact to replace the now deprecated
functions gpgme_op_edit and gpgme_op_card_edit.
* New function gpgme_pubkey_algo_string to convert a public key
algorithm into a GnuPG 2.1 style string.
* Support for GnuPG 2.1's TOFU trust model.
* Notation flags are now correctly set on verify.
* New global flag "require-gnupg" to set a minimal gnupg version.
* More supported items in gpgme_get_dirinfo.
* New function gpgme_data_set_flag and flag "size-hint".
* New function gpgme_set_ctx_flag and flags "full-status" and
"raw-description".
* Improved gpgme_data_identify to distinguish more file types.
* New flag GPGME_ENCRYPT_SYMMETRIC for gpgme_op_encrypt to allow
mixed public key and symmetric encryption.
* New field KEYGRIP in gpgme_subkey_t. New fields FPR in gpgme_key_t.
* New flag GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_MIME to declare that the encrypted or
signed data is a valid MIME part. This is to support future GnuPG
versions.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.6.0 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_pubkey_algo_string NEW.
GPGME_PK_EDDSA NEW.
gpgme_set_ctx_flag NEW.
gpgme_data_set_flag NEW.
gpgme_op_createkey NEW.
gpgme_op_createkey_start NEW.
gpgme_op_createsubkey NEW.
gpgme_op_createsubkey_start NEW.
gpgme_op_adduid_start NEW.
gpgme_op_adduid NEW.
gpgme_op_revuid_start NEW.
gpgme_op_revuid NEW.
gpgme_op_keysign_start NEW.
gpgme_op_keysign NEW.
gpgme_op_tofu_policy_start NEW.
gpgme_op_tofu_policy NEW.
gpgme_op_interact_start NEW.
gpgme_op_interact NEW.
gpgme_interact_cb_t NEW.
gpgme_op_edit_start DEPRECATED.
gpgme_op_edit DEPRECATED.
gpgme_op_card_edit_start DEPRECATED.
gpgme_op_card_edit DEPRECATED.
gpgme_edit_cb_t DEPRECATED.
gpgme_status_code_t DEPRECATED.
gpgme_genkey_result_t EXTENDED: New fields pubkey and seckey.
gpgme_signature_t EXTENDED: New field key.
gpgme_key_t EXTENDED: New field fpr.
gpgme_subkey_t EXTENDED: New field keygrip.
gpgme_user_id_t EXTENDED: New field tofu.
gpgme_tofu_policy_t NEW.
gpgme_tofu_info_t NEW.
GPGME_STATUS_KEY_CONSIDERED NEW.
GPGME_STATUS_TOFU_USER NEW.
GPGME_STATUS_TOFU_STATS NEW.
GPGME_STATUS_TOFU_STATS_LONG NEW.
GPGME_STATUS_NOTATION_FLAGS NEW.
GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_WITH_TOFU NEW.
GPGME_DATA_TYPE_PGP_ENCRYPTED NEW.
GPGME_DATA_TYPE_PGP_SIGNATURE NEW.
GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_MIME NEW.
GPGME_ENCRYPT_SYMMETRIC NEW.
GPGME_CREATE_SIGN NEW.
GPGME_CREATE_ENCR NEW.
GPGME_CREATE_CERT NEW.
GPGME_CREATE_AUTH NEW.
GPGME_CREATE_NOPASSWD NEW.
GPGME_CREATE_SELFSIGNED NEW.
GPGME_CREATE_NOSTORE NEW.
GPGME_CREATE_WANTPUB NEW.
GPGME_CREATE_WANTSEC NEW.
GPGME_CREATE_FORCE NEW.
GPGME_KEYSIGN_LOCAL NEW.
GPGME_KEYSIGN_LFSEP NEW.
GPGME_INTERACT_CARD NEW.
[c=C26/A15/R0 cpp=C6/A0/R1 qt=C6/A0/R1]
Noteworthy changes in version 1.6.0 (2015-08-26) [C25/A14/R0]
------------------------------------------------
* Added gpgme_set_offline to do a key listinging w/o requiring CRL.
* Added gpgme_set_status_cb to allow a user to see some status
messages.
* Added an export mode for secret keys.
* More precise error codes are returned if GnuPG >= 2.1.8 is used.
* The passphrase handler for the loopback mode has been improved and may
also be used with genkey.
* [w32] The standard GnuPG 2.1 install directory is now seached for
gpgconf.exe before a registry specified directory and the Gpg4win
install directory.
* [w32] gpgme-w32spawn.exe will now only be searched in the gpgme DLL
directory.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.5.1 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_set_offline NEW.
gpgme_get_offline NEW.
gpgme_set_status_cb NEW.
gpgme_get_status_cb NEW.
GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_SECRET NEW
GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_RAW NEW.
GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_PKCS12 NEW.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.5.5 (2015-06-08) [C24/A13/R4]
------------------------------------------------
* Fixed crash in key listings for user ids with a backslash.
* Fixed regression for GPGSM use with GnuPG < 2.1.
* Properly set signature summary for revoked OpenPGP keys.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.5.4 (2015-04-13) [C24/A13/R3]
------------------------------------------------
* Fixed a possible crash in the debug code.
* Fixed building for Windows with newer versions of Mingw.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.5.3 (2014-12-11) [C24/A13/R2]
-------------------------------------------------------------
* The export key functions do now return an error if used with the
latest GnuPG version.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.5.2 (2014-11-21) [C24/A13/R1]
-------------------------------------------------------------
* gpgme-tool is now installed.
* Fix external listing for modern keyservers.
* Minor other fixes.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.5.1 (2014-07-30) [C24/A13/R0]
-------------------------------------------------------------
* Fixed possible overflow in gpgsm and uiserver engines.
[CVE-2014-3564]
* Added support for GnuPG 2.1's --with-secret option.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.5.0 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_WITH_SECRET NEW.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.5.0 (2014-05-21) [C23/A12/R0]
-------------------------------------------------------------
* On Unices the engine file names are not not anymore hardwired but
located via the envvar PATH. All options to set the name of the
engines for the configure run are removed.
* If GPGME finds the gpgconf binary it defaults to using gpg2 or
whatever gpgconf tells as name for the OpenPGP engine. If gpgconf
is not found, GPGME looks for an engine named "gpg".
* New feature to use the gpgme I/O subsystem to run arbitrary
commands.
* New flag to use encryption without the default compression step.
* New function to access "gpg-conf --list-dirs"
* New configure option --enable-fixed-path for use by Android.
* Support ECC algorithms.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.4.3 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_get_dirinfo NEW.
gpgme_op_spawn_start NEW.
gpgme_op_spawn NEW.
GPGME_PROTOCOL_SPAWN NEW.
GPGME_SPAWN_DETACHED NEW.
GPGME_SPAWN_ALLOW_SET_FG NEW.
GPGME_ENCRYPT_NO_COMPRESS NEW.
GPGME_PK_ECC NEW.
GPGME_MD_SHA224 NEW.
gpgme_subkey_t EXTENDED: New field curve.
GPGME_STATUS_PLAINTEXT_LENGTH NEW.
GPGME_STATUS_MOUNTPOINT NEW.
GPGME_STATUS_PINENTRY_LAUNCHED NEW.
GPGME_STATUS_ATTRIBUTE NEW.
GPGME_STATUS_BEGIN_SIGNING NEW.
GPGME_STATUS_KEY_NOT_CREATED NEW.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.4.3 (2013-08-12) [C22/A11/R0]
-------------------------------------------------------------
* The default engine names are now taken from the output of gpgconf.
If gpgconf is not found the use of gpg 1 is assumed.
* Under Windows the default engines names are first searched in the
installation directory of the gpgme DLL.
* New function gpgme_data_identify to detect the type of a message.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.4.2 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_signers_count NEW.
gpgme_data_type_t NEW.
gpgme_data_identify NEW.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.4.2 (2013-05-28) [C21/A10/R0]
-------------------------------------------------------------
* Allow symmetric encryption with gpgme_op_encrypt_sign.
* Fixed mismatching off_t definitions on Windows.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.4.1 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_off_t NEW.
gpgme_size_t NEW.
GPGME_PROTOCOL_OPENPGP NEW alias.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.4.1 (2013-05-01) [C20/A9/R1]
------------------------------------------------------------
* Fixed reading of gpg.conf files with excessive use of the group
option.
* Fixed building with the i686-w64-mingw32 toolchain.
* Disabled FD passing by default for Apple.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.4.0 (2013-02-26) [C20/A9/R0]
------------------------------------------------------------
* New function gpgme_set_global_flag to help debugging on Android.
* New function gpgme_io_writen as a convenience wrapper around
gpgme_io_write.
* New functions to support the pinentry mode feature of GnuPG 2.1.
* New macro GPGME_VERSION_NUMBER to allow supporting different API
versions without the need for a configure test.
* Several improvements for gpgme-tool.
* Better logging of the common "invalid engine" error code.
* Support for FD passing is now enabled by default. The configure
option --disable-fd-passing may be used to disable this.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.3.1 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GPGME_VERSION_NUMBER NEW.
gpgme_io_writen NEW.
gpgme_set_global_flag NEW.
gpgme_set_pinentry_mode NEW.
gpgme_get_pinentry_mode NEW.
gpgme_pinentry_mode_t NEW.
GPGME_PINENTRY_MODE_DEFAULT NEW.
GPGME_PINENTRY_MODE_ASK NEW.
GPGME_PINENTRY_MODE_CANCEL NEW.
GPGME_PINENTRY_MODE_ERROR NEW.
GPGME_PINENTRY_MODE_LOOPBACK NEW.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.3.2 (2012-05-02)
------------------------------------------------
* Remove support for libgpgme-pth. As far as we know, this was never used,
and GnuPG is going to use our own npth in the future.
* Fix signature summary information for a missing X.509 key.
* Fix parsing of dates >= year 2038.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.3.1 (2011-06-16)
------------------------------------------------
* Ported to Windows CE.
* Detect GPG versions not supporting ---passwd.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.3.0 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_MINIMAL NEW
GPGME_STATUS_SUCCESS NEW
gpgme_err_code_from_syserror NEW
gpgme_err_set_errno NEW
gpgme_error_from_errno CHANGED: Return gpgme_error_t (compatible type).
gpgme_error_from_syserror NEW
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 1.3.0 (2010-01-11)
------------------------------------------------
* GPGME does not come with an internal libassuan version anymore.
The external libassuan 1.1.0 release or later is required. For
application programmers on systems that can resolve inter-library
dependencies at runtime, this is a transparent change.
* New engine GPGME_PROTOCOL_G13 to support the new g13 tool.
* New engine GPGME_PROTOCOL_UISERVER to support UI Servers.
* New API to change the passphrase of a key.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.2.0 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GPGME_STATUS_INV_SGNR NEW.
GPGME_STATUS_NO_SGNR NEW.
GPGME_PROTOCOL_G13 NEW.
gpgme_op_g13_mount NEW.
gpgme_g13_result_t NEW.
GPGME_PK_ECDSA NEW.
GPGME_PK_ECDH NEW.
gpgme_op_passwd_start NEW.
gpgme_op_passwd NEW.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 1.2.0 (2009-06-18)
------------------------------------------------
* New encryption flag GPGME_ENCRYPT_NO_ENCRYPT_TO to disable default
recipients.
* gpgme_new will fail if gpgme_check_version was not called, or a
selftest failed (for example, if -mms-bitfields was not used on
MingW32 targets).
* New functions gpgme_io_read and gpgme_io_write for use with
gpgme_passphrase_cb_t and gpgme_edit_cb_t functions.
* New functions gpgme_result_ref and gpgme_result_unref to detach
result structures from a context.
* New functions gpgme_op_export_keys_start and gpgme_op_export_keys
that allow to specify exported keys through gpgme_key_t objects
instead of patterns.
* New mode of operation gpgme_export_mode_t that allows exporting
external keys.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.1.7 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_EPHEMERAL NEW.
GPGME_PROTOCOL_ASSUAN NEW.
gpgme_assuan_data_cb_t NEW.
gpgme_assuan_inquire_cb_t NEW.
gpgme_assuan_status_cb_t NEW.
gpgme_op_assuan_transact_start NEW.
gpgme_op_assuan_transact NEW.
gpgme_op_assuan_result NEW.
gpgme_op_import_keys NEW.
gpgme_op_import_keys_start NEW.
gpgme_subkey_t EXTENDED: New fields is_cardkey, card_number.
GPGME_ENCRYPT_NO_ENCRYPT_TO NEW.
gpgme_check_version CHANGED: Is now a macro.
gpgme_new EXTENDED: More failure codes.
gpgme_io_read NEW.
gpgme_io_write NEW.
gpgme_result_ref NEW.
gpgme_result_unref NEW.
gpgme_export_mode_t NEW.
gpgme_export_ext_start EXTENDED: Arg RESERVED is now a MODE flag.
gpgme_op_export EXTENDED: Arg RESERVED is now a MODE flag.
gpgme_op_export_ext_start EXTENDED: Arg RESERVED is now a MODE flag.
gpgme_op_export_ext EXTENDED: Arg RESERVED is now a MODE flag.
gpgme_op_export_keys_start NEW.
gpgme_op_export_keys NEW.
GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_URL NEW.
GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_URL0 NEW.
GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_URLESC NEW.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 1.1.8 (2008-12-08)
------------------------------------------------
* SIGPIPE is now again ignored as described in the manual. Fixes
regresion introduced with 1.1.6.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.1.7 (2008-10-17)
------------------------------------------------
* Using GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_LOCAL combined with
GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_EXTERN is now supported; it uses the
--locate-keys feature of gpg (>= 2.0.10).
* The encoding of gpgme_data_t objects can affect the output encoding
of export, sign and encrypt operations now (the same operations
that are also affected by the ASCII mode switch). We believe this
change in the ABI is innocent enough not to break existing
applications (it only affects the S/MIME backend on certain
operations).
* The reference manual now includes the specification of "The GnuPG
UI Server protocol".
* A new function gpgme_cancel_async can be used to asynchronously
cancel any pending operation at any time, from any thread.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.1.6 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_op_encrypt CHANGED: Output encoding can affect result.
gpgme_op_encrypt_start CHANGED: Output encoding can affect result.
gpgme_op_encrypt_sign CHANGED: Output encoding can affect result.
gpgme_op_encrypt_sign_start CHANGED: Output encoding can affect result.
gpgme_op_sign CHANGED: Output encoding can affect result.
gpgme_op_sign_start CHANGED: Output encoding can affect result.
gpgme_op_export CHANGED: Output encoding can affect result.
gpgme_op_export_start CHANGED: Output encoding can affect result.
gpgme_op_export_ext CHANGED: Output encoding can affect result.
gpgme_op_export_ext_start CHANGED: Output encoding can affect result.
gpgme_cancel_async NEW
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 1.1.6 (2008-01-04)
------------------------------------------------
* Bug fixes for for W32.
* A new, experimental (and thus undocumented and potentially
unstable) interface for accessing gpg-conf through GPGME has been
added.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.1.1 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_signature_t EXTENDED: New field chain_model.
gpgme_op_getauditlog_start NEW.
gpgme_op_getauditlog NEW.
GPGME_AUDITLOG_HTML NEW.
GPGME_AUDITLOG_WITH_HELP NEW.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 1.1.5 (2007-07-09)
------------------------------------------------
* Bug and portability fixes (mainly for W32).
Noteworthy changes in version 1.1.4 (2007-03-05)
------------------------------------------------
* Detect and bail out on double plaintext messages. This is required
so that applications can properly detect the signed parts of a
message. Actual there is now a double protection as GnuPG 1.4.7
will detect this case too.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.1.3 (2007-01-29)
------------------------------------------------
* Fixed a memory leak in gpgme_data_release_and_get_mem.
* Fixed a bug in Windows command line quoting.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.1.2 (2006-03-02)
------------------------------------------------
* Fixed a bug in the W32 glib backend.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.1.1 (2006-02-23)
------------------------------------------------
* Fixed a bug in that the fingerprints of subkeys are not available.
* Clarified usage of the SECRET flag in key listings. It is now
reset for stub keys.
* Reading signature notations and policy URLs on key signatures is
supported. They can be found in the new field notations of the
gpgme_key_sig_t structure. This has to be enabled with the keylist
mode flag GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIG_NOTATIONS.
* A new gpgme_free() function solves the problem of using different
allocators in a single program. This function should now be used
instead calling free() to release the buffer returned by
gpgme_data_release_and_get_mem. It is recommended that you always
do this, but it is only necessary on certain platforms, so backwards
compatibility is provided. In other words: If free() worked for
you before, it will keep working.
* New status codes GPGME_PKA_TRUST_GOOD and GPGME_PKA_TRUST_BAD.
They are analyzed by the verify handlers and made available in the
new PKA_TRUST and PKA_ADDRESS fields of the signature result structure.
* Interface changes relative to the 1.1.0 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_key_sig_t EXTENDED: New field notations.
GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIG_NOTATIONS NEW
gpgme_free NEW
GPGME_STATUS_PKA_TRUST_BAD NEW
GPGME_STATUS_PKA_TRUST_GOOD NEW
gpgme_signature_t EXTENDED: New field pka_trust.
gpgme_signature_t EXTENDED: New field pka_address.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 1.1.0 (2005-10-01)
------------------------------------------------
* You can now configure the backend engine file name and home
directory to be used, as default and per context.
* Information about the recipients of an encrypted text is now
available at decryption time.
* New status GPGME_STATUS_PLAINTEXT. This is analyzed by the decrypt
and verify handlers, the information about the plaintext filename,
if available is made available in the new field file_name of the
respective result structure.
* The code for "automagically detecting the thread library" has been
removed from libgpgme. It is deprecated since version 0.4.3.
Since then, you had to link against libgpgme-pthread for
applications using pthread and libgpgme-pth for applications using
GNU Pth.
The code was removed because it caused compilation problems on
systems where the pthread.h header from GNU Pth is available in
addition to the system header (FreeBSD 6 and later for example).
* "./autogen.sh --build-w32" does now build gpgme.dll.
* [W32] The environment variable GPGME_DEBUG now uses a semicolon as
delimiter. The standard install directory is used when locating
gpg or gpgsm before finally falling back to the hardwired name.
* There is a new flag for keys and subkeys, is_qualified, which
indicates if a key can be used for qualified signatures according
to local government regulations.
* You can associate a filename with a data object using the new
function gpgme_data_set_file_name(). This filename will be stored
in the output when encrypting or signing the data and will be
returned when decrypting or verifying the output data.
* You can now set notation data at signature creation with the new
function gpgme_sig_notation_add().
* Interface changes relative to the 1.0.3 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_set_engine_info NEW
gpgme_ctx_get_engine_info NEW
gpgme_ctx_set_engine_info NEW
gpgme_recipient_t NEW
gpgme_decrypt_result_t EXTENDED: New field recipients.
gpgme_verify_result_t EXTENDED: New fields pubkey_algo, hash_algo.
gpgme_decrypt_result_t EXTENDED: New field plaintext_filename.
gpgme_verify_result_t EXTENDED: New field plaintext_filename.
GPGME_STATUS_PLAINTEXT NEW
gpgme_key_t EXTENDED: New field is_qualified.
gpgme_subkey_t EXTENDED: New field is_qualified.
gpgme_data_get_file_name NEW
gpgme_data_set_file_name NEW
gpgme_sig_notation_flags_t NEW
GPGME_SIG_NOTATION_HUMAN_READABLE NEW
GPGME_SIG_NOTATAION_CRITICAL NEW
gpgme_sig_notation_clear NEW
gpgme_sig_notation_add NEW
gpgme_sig_notation_get NEW
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 1.0.3 (2005-06-20)
------------------------------------------------
* Previousy, GPGME would use a default "include certs" of 1. This
has been changed. Now GPGME will use the crypto backend engines
default unless you set the value with gpgme_set_include_certs()
explicitely. A new macro GPGME_INCLUDE_CERTS_DEFAULT can be used
as a value to explicitely request the new default behaviour.
Because the default changes, this is a slight change of the API
semantics. We consider it to be a bug fix.
* A bug which made GPGME hang has been fixed. If you have
experienced hanging before, please try out this version and let me
know if you still experience hanging problems.
* Interface changes relative to the 0.9.0 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_set_include_certs CHANGED DEFAULT
GPGME_INCLUDE_CERTS_DEFAULT NEW
GPGME_STATUS_SIG_SUBPACKET NEW
GPGME_STATUS_NEED_PASSPHRASE_PIN NEW
GPGME_STATUS_SC_OP_FAILURE NEW
GPGME_STATUS_SC_OP_SUCCESS NEW
GPGME_STATUS_CARDCTRL NEW
GPGME_STATUS_BACKUP_KEY_CREATED NEW
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 1.0.2 (2004-12-28)
------------------------------------------------
* Changed the license of the library to the GNU Lesser General Public
License (LGPL), version 2.1 or later.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.0.1 (2004-10-22)
------------------------------------------------
* Only bug fixes.
Noteworthy changes in version 1.0.0 (2004-09-30)
------------------------------------------------
* Version 1.0.0! We are proud to present you with a thoroughly
tested and stable version of the GPGME library. A big Thank You!
to all the people who made this possible.
The development will be branched into a stable 1.x.y series and the
head.
* The gpgme.m4 macro supports checking the API version. Just prepend
it to the required version string, separated by a colon. For
example, this release has the version "1:1.0.0". The last release
to which this version is (mostly) ABI compatible is "1:0.4.2",
which is the default required version.
Noteworthy changes in version 0.9.0 (2004-06-08)
------------------------------------------------
* The type gpgme_key_t has now a new field keylist_mode that contains
the keylist mode that was active at the time the key was retrieved.
* The type gpgme_decrypt_result_t has a new field "wrong_key_usage"
that contains a flag indicating that the key should not have been
used for encryption.
* Verifying a signature of a revoked key gives the correct result now
(GPG_ERR_CERT_REVOKED error code).
* Clarified that the error code GPG_ERR_NO_DATA from the decrypt &
verify operations still allows you to look at the signature
verification result.
* Clarified that patterns in keylisting operations have an upper
limit, and thus are not suited to list many keys at once by their
fingerprint. Also improve the error message if the pattern is too
long for the CMS protocol to handle.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_key_t EXTENDED: New field keylist_mode.
gpgme_decrypt_result_t EXTENDED: New field wrong_key_usage.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.4.7 (2004-04-29)
------------------------------------------------
* Correctly initialize the fields expired, revoked, invalid, and
disabled in the gpgme_key_t structures.
* A bug fix: The flag wrong_key_usage of gpgme_signature_t was
accidently of type int instead unsigned int.
* Interface changes relative to the 0.4.5 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_signature_t CHANGED: wrong_key_usage is unsigned int now.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.4.6 (2004-04-06)
------------------------------------------------
* Bug fixes
Noteworthy changes in version 0.4.5 (2004-03-07)
------------------------------------------------
* GPGME is now compiled with LFS (large file support) by default.
This means that _all_ programs using GPGME must be compiled with
LFS support enabled by default. You can do this easily with
autoconf, by using the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE macro. Or you can do this
without autoconf by defining the preprocessor symbol
_FILE_OFFSET_BITS to 64 (by passing the -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 to
the C compiler command line, or by defining this preprocessor
symbol before including any system header files). For more
details, read the section on LFS in the manual.
Up to now, it was undocumented that GPGME was not using LFS.
But the public interfaces use off_t, and file descriptors are
exchanged between the application and GPGME. This was an oversight,
and bound to cause troubles in the future.
Writing GPGME as a dual mode library that seamlessly supports LFS
while keeping backwards compatibility is possible, but does not
solve the problem: Many applications already expect GPGME to have
LFS (they are compiled with off_t being a 64bit value). This is true
in particular for the popular Gtk+ and Qt programs.
So, although this is an ABI (but not an API) break, we will not
change the library version to reflect that. Because the interfaces
affected are probably not used yet in any GPGME 0.4 based
application, we don't expect any real failures from this change.
In fact, applications already using LFS will have some subtle bugs
fixed.
However, if you encounter an application using GPGME 0.4.x that
does _not_ use LFS by default (off_t is a 32bit value), _and_
uses at least one of the functions gpgme_data_seek,
gpgme_data_new_from_filepart, or a gpgme_data_seek_cb_t with
gpgme_data_new_from_cbs, then indeed this library will be ABI
incompatible with the program. As said above, we don't believe
such a program exists. If we are in error, then you have two
options: As a quick hack, you can configure GPGME with the
--disable-largefile option. This will revert the change, and GPGME
will not use LFS. However, GPGME will be incompatible with
programs that expect GPGME to use LFS. All applications are
required to use LFS when using GPGME, so this is only good as a
temporary local work-around.
The other option is to change the versioning of the library and
recompile all applications. We have reserved a special version of
the library for that, so you can do that without expecting a
version clash in the future. Furthermore, everyone who does this
will agree on the version to use (this is important for
distribution makers). Read the comment in configure.ac (before
LIBGPGME_LT_AGE) if you want to do this. Please don't do this
blindly: As stated above, we think it is unlikely this measure is
needed. Still, it is there if necessary. If in doubt, contact us
and we will give our advise for your specific situation.
* New key listing mode GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_VALIDATE for validation of
the listed keys.
* New interface gpgme_cancel() that can be used to cancel
asynchronous operations.
* Interface changes relative to the 0.4.4 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_data_seek_cb_t CHANGED: off_t is now a largefile type.
gpgme_data_seek CHANGED: off_t is now a largefile type.
gpgme_data_new_from_filepart CHANGED: off_t is now a largefile type.
GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_VALIDATE NEW
gpgme_cancel NEW
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.4.4 (2004-01-12)
------------------------------------------------
* The member "class" in gpgme_key_sig_t and gpgme_new_signature_t has
been renamed to "sig_class", to avoid clash with C++ compilers. In
the C API, the old name "class" has been preserved for backwards
compatibility, but is deprecated.
* Interface changes relative to the 0.4.3 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_key_sig_t CHANGED: class deprecated, use new sig_class.
gpgme_new_signature_t CHANGED: class deprecated, use new sig_class.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.4.3 (2003-10-06)
------------------------------------------------
* libgpgme should not be used for threaded programs anymore. This
never worked reliably in all cases, because you had to
be careful about the linking order and libtool wouldn't do that for
you automatically. Instead, now you have to link against
libgpgme-pthread for applications using pthread and libgpgme-pth for
applications using GNU Pth.
The old code for automagically detecting the thread library is
still part of libgpgme, but it is DEPRECATED.
* There are new automake macros AM_PATH_GPGME_PTH and
AM_PATH_GPGME_PTHREAD, which support checking for thread-enabled
versions of GPGME. They define GPGME_PTH_CFLAGS, GPGME_PTH_LIBS,
GPGME_PTHREAD_CFLAGS and GPGME_PTHREAD_LIBS respectively. These
variables of course also include the configuration for the thread
package itself. Alternatively, use libtool.
* gpgme_strerror_r as a thread safe variant of gpgme_strerror was
added.
* gpgme-config doesn't support setting the prefix or exec prefix
anymore. I don't think it ever worked correctly, and it seems to
be pointless.
* gpgme_get_key fails with GPG_ERR_AMBIGUOUS_NAME if the key ID
provided was not unique, instead returning the first matching key.
* gpgme_key_t and gpgme_subkey_t have a new field, can_authenticate,
that indicates if the key can be used for authentication.
* gpgme_signature_t's status field is now correctly set to an error
with error code GPG_ERR_NO_PUBKEY if public key is not found.
* gpgme_new_signature_t's class field is now an unsigned int, rather
than an unsigned long (the old class field is preserved for
backwards compatibility).
* A new function gpgme_set_locale() is provided to allow configuring
the locale for the crypto backend. This is necessary for text
terminals so that programs like the pinentry can be started with
the right locale settings for the terminal the application is running
on, in case the terminal has different settings than the system
default (for example, if it is a remote terminal). You are highly
recommended to call the following functions directly after
gpgme_check_version:
#include <locale.h>
setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
gpgme_set_locale (NULL, LC_CTYPE, setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL));
gpgme_set_locale (NULL, LC_MESSAGES, setlocale (LC_MESSAGES, NULL));
GPGME can not do this for you, as setlocale is not thread safe, and
there is no alternative.
* The signal action for SIGPIPE is now set to SIG_IGN by
gpgme_check_version, instead the first time a crypto engine is
started (which is not well defined).
* In the output of gpgme_hash_algo_name, change RMD160 to RIPEMD160,
TIGER to TIGER192, CRC32-RFC1510 to CRC32RFC1510, and CRC24-RFC2440
to CRC24RFC2440. For now, these strings can be used as the MIC
parameter for PGP/MIME (if appropriately modified).
* Interface changes relative to the 0.4.2 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_strerror_t NEW
gpgme_get_key CHANGED: Fails correctly if key ID not unique.
gpgme_key_t EXTENDED: New field can_authenticate.
gpgme_subkey_t EXTENDED: New field can_authenticate.
gpgme_new_signature_t CHANGED: New type for class field.
gpgme_set_locale NEW
gpgme_hash_algo_name CHANGED: Slight adjustment of algo names.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.4.2 (2003-07-30)
------------------------------------------------
* Allow gpg-error to be in non-standard place when linking the test suite.
* Configure will fail now if gpg-error can not be found.
* Fixed initialized memory backed data objects for writing, which
caused the test program to crash (but only on Mac OS, surprisingly).
* Eliminate use of C99 constructs.
* Small improvements to the manual.
Noteworthy changes in version 0.4.1 (2003-06-06)
------------------------------------------------
This is the release that 0.4.0 should have been. There are many
interface changes, please see below for the details. The changes are
sometimes the result of new functionality, but more often express a
paradigm shift. Others are an overdue cleanup to get GPGME in line
with the GNU coding standards and to make the interface more
self-consistent. Here is an overview on the changes:
All types have been renamed to conform to the GNU coding standards,
most of the time by keeping the whole name in lowercase and inserting
underscores between words.
All operations consistently only accept input parameters in their
invocation function, and return only an error code directly. Further
information about the result of the operation has to be retrieved
afterwards by calling one of the result functions. This unifies the
synchronous and the asynchronous interface.
The error values have been completely replaced by a more
sophisticated model that allows GPGME to transparently and accurately
report all errors from the other GnuPG components, irregardless of
process boundaries. This is achieved by using the library
libgpg-errors, which is shared by all GnuPG components. This library
is now required for GPGME.
The results of all operations are now provided by pointers to C
structs rather than by XML structs or in other ways.
Objects which used to be opaque (for example a key) are now pointers
to accessible structs, so no accessor functions are necessary.
Backward compatibility is provided where it was possible without too
much effort and did not collide with the overall sanitization effort.
However, this is only for ease of transition. NO DEPRECATED FUNCTION
OR DATA TYPE IS CONSIDERED A PART OF THE API OR ABI AND WILL BE
DROPPED IN THE FUTURE WITHOUT CHANGING THE SONAME OF THE LIBRARY.
Recommendations how to replace deprecated or removed functionality
can be found within the description of each change.
What follows are all changes to the interface and behaviour of GPGME
in detail.
* If gpgme.h is included in sources compiled by GCC 3.1 or later,
deprecated attributes will warn about use of obsolete functions and
type definitions. You can suppress these warnings by passing
-Wno-deprecated-declarations to the gcc command.
* The following types have been renamed. The old types are still
available as aliases, but they are deprecated now:
Old name: New name:
GpgmeCtx gpgme_ctx_t
GpgmeData gpgme_data_t
GpgmeError gpgme_error_t
GpgmeDataEncoding gpgme_data_encoding_t
GpgmeSigStat gpgme_sig_stat_t
GpgmeSigMode gpgme_sig_mode_t
GpgmeAttr gpgme_attr_t
GpgmeValidity gpgme_validity_t
GpgmeProtocol gpgme_protocol_t
GpgmeKey gpgme_key_t
GpgmePassphraseCb gpgme_passphrase_cb_t
GpgmeProgressCb gpgme_progress_cb_t
GpgmeIOCb gpgme_io_cb_t
GpgmeRegisterIOCb gpgme_register_io_cb_t
GpgmeRemoveIOCb gpgme_remove_io_cb_t
GpgmeEventIO gpgme_event_io_t
GpgmeEventIOCb gpgme_event_io_cb_t
GpgmeIOCbs gpgme_io_cbs
GpgmeDataReadCb gpgme_data_read_cb_t
GpgmeDataWriteCb gpgme_data_write_cb_t
GpgmeDataSeekCb gpgme_data_seek_cb_t
GpgmeDataReleaseCb gpgme_data_release_cb_t
GpgmeDataCbs gpgme_data_cbs_t
GpgmeTrustItem gpgme_trust_item_t
GpgmeStatusCode gpgme_status_code_t
* gpgme_error_t is now identical to gpg_error_t, the error type
provided by libgpg-error. More about using libgpg-error with GPGME
can be found in the manual. All error symbols have been removed!
* All functions and types in libgpg-error have been wrapped in GPGME.
The new types are gpgme_err_code_t and gpgme_err_source_t. The new
functions are gpgme_err_code, gpgme_err_source, gpgme_error,
gpgme_err_make, gpgme_error_from_errno, gpgme_err_make_from_errno,
gpgme_err_code_from_errno, gpgme_err_code_to_errno,
gpgme_strsource.
* GPGME_ATTR_IS_SECRET is not anymore representable as a string.
* GnuPG 1.2.2 is required. The progress callback is now also invoked
for encrypt, sign, encrypt-sign, decrypt, verify, and
decrypt-verify operations. For verify operations on detached
signatures, the progress callback is invoked for both the detached
signature and the plaintext message, though.
* gpgme_passphrase_cb_t has been changed to not provide a complete
description, but the UID hint, passphrase info and a flag
indicating if this is a repeated attempt individually, so the user
can compose his own description from this information.
The passphrase is not returned as a C string, but must be written
to a file descriptor directly. This allows for secure passphrase
entries.
The return type has been changed to gpgme_error_t value. This
allowed to remove the gpgme_cancel function; just return
the error code GPG_ERR_CANCELED in the passphrase callback directly.
* gpgme_edit_cb_t has been changed to take a file descriptor argument.
The user is expected to write the response to the file descriptor,
followed by a newline.
* The recipients interface has been removed. Instead, you use
NULL-terminated lists of keys for specifying the recipients of an
encryption operation. Use the new encryption flag
GPGME_ENCRYPT_ALWAYS_TRUST if you want to override the validity of
the keys (but note that in general this is not a good idea).
This change has been made to the prototypes of gpgme_op_encrypt,
gpgme_op_encrypt_start, gpgme_op_encrypt_sign and
gpgme_op_encrypt_sign_start.
The export interface has been changed to use pattern strings like
the keylist interface. Thus, new functions gpgme_op_export_ext and
gpgme_op_export_ext_start have been added as well. Now the
prototypes of gpgme_op_export_start and gpgme_op_export finally
make sense.
* gpgme_op_verify and gpgme_op_decrypt_verify don't return a status
summary anymore. Use gpgme_get_sig_status to retrieve the individual
stati.
* gpgme_io_cb_t changed from a void function to a function returning
a gpgme_error_t value. However, it will always return 0, so you
can safely ignore the return value.
* A new I/O callback event GPGME_EVENT_START has been added. The new
requirement is that you must wait until this event until you are
allowed to call the I/O callback handlers previously registered for
this context operation. Calling I/O callback functions for this
context operation before the start event happened is unsafe because
it can lead to race conditions in a multi-threaded environment.
* The idle function feature has been removed. It was not precisely
defined in a multi-threaded environment and is obsoleted by the
user I/O callback functions. If you still need a simple way to
call something while waiting on one or multiple asynchronous
operations to complete, don't set the HANG flag in gpgme_wait (note
that this will return to your program more often than the idle
function did).
* gpgme_wait can return NULL even if hang is true, if an error
occurs. In that case *status contains the error code.
* gpgme_get_engine_info was radically changed. Instead an XML
string, an info structure of the new type gpgme_engine_info_t is
returned. This makes it easier and more robust to evaluate the
information in an application.
* The new function gpgme_get_protocol_name can be used to convert a
gpgme_protocol_t value into a string.
* The status of a context operation is not checked anymore. Starting
a new operation will silently cancel the previous one. Calling a
function that requires you to have started an operation before without
doing so is undefined.
* The FPR argument to gpgme_op_genkey was removed. Instead, use the
gpgme_op_genkey_result function to retrieve a gpgme_genkey_result_t
pointer to a structure which contains the fingerprint. This also
works with gpgme_op_genkey_start. The structure also provides
other information about the generated keys.
So, instead:
char *fpr;
err = gpgme_op_genkey (ctx, NULL, NULL, &fpr);
if (!err && fpr)
printf ("%s\n", fpr);
you should now do:
gpgme_genkey_result_t result;
err = gpgme_op_genkey (ctx, NULL, NULL);
if (!err)
{
result = gpgme_op_genkey_result (ctx);
if (result->fpr)
printf ("%s\n", result->fpr);
}
* The new gpgme_op_import_result function provides detailed
information about the result of an import operation in
gpgme_import_result_t and gpgme_import_status_t objects.
Thus, the gpgme_op_import_ext variant is deprecated.
* The new gpgme_op_sign_result function provides detailed information
about the result of a signing operation in gpgme_sign_result_t,
gpgme_invalid_key_t and gpgme_new_signature_t objects.
* The new gpgme_op_encrypt_result function provides detailed
information about the result of an encryption operation in
a GpgmeEncryptResult object.
* The new gpgme_op_decrypt_result function provides detailed
information about the result of a decryption operation in
a GpgmeDecryptResult object.
* The new gpgme_op_verify_result function provides detailed
information about the result of an verify operation in
a GpgmeVerifyResult object. Because of this, the GPGME_SIG_STAT_*
values, gpgme_get_sig_status, gpgme_get_sig_ulong_attr,
gpgme_get_sig_string_attr and gpgme_get_sig_key are now deprecated,
and gpgme_get_notation is removed.
* GpgmeTrustItem objects have now directly accessible data, so the
gpgme_trust_item_get_string_attr and gpgme_trust_item_get_ulong_attr
accessor functions are deprecated. Also, reference counting is
available through gpgme_trust_item_ref and gpgme_trust_item_unref
(the gpgme_trust_item_release alias for the latter is deprecated).
* Keys are not cached internally anymore, so the force_update argument
to gpgme_get_key has been removed.
* GpgmeKey objects have now directly accessible data so the
gpgme_key_get_string_attr, gpgme_key_get_ulong_attr,
gpgme_key_sig_get_string_attr and gpgme_key_sig_get_ulong_attr
functions are deprecated. Also, gpgme_key_release is now
deprecated. The gpgme_key_get_as_xml function has been dropped.
* Because all interfaces using attributes are deprecated, the
GpgmeAttr data type is also deprecated.
* The new gpgme_op_keylist_result function provides detailed
information about the result of a key listing operation in
a GpgmeKeyListResult object.
* Now that each function comes with its own result retrieval
interface, the generic gpgme_get_op_info interface is not useful
anymore and dropped.
* The type and mode of data objects is not available anymore.
* Interface changes relative to the 0.4.0 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GpgmeCtx DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_ctx_t.
GpgmeData DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_data_t.
GpgmeError DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_error_t.
GpgmeDataEncoding DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_data_encoding_t.
GpgmeSigStat DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_sig_stat_t.
GpgmeSigMode DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_sig_mode_t.
GpgmeAttr DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_attr_t.
GpgmeValidity DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_validity_t.
GpgmeProtocol DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_protocol_t.
GpgmeKey DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_key_t.
GpgmePassphraseCb DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_passphrase_cb_t.
GpgmeProgressCb DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_progress_cb_t.
GpgmeIOCb DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_io_cb_t.
GpgmeRegisterIOCb DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_register_io_cb_t.
GpgmeRemoveIOCb DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_remove_io_cb_t.
GpgmeEventIO DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_event_io_t.
GpgmeEventIOCb DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_event_io_cb_t.
GpgmeIOCbs DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_io_cbs.
GpgmeDataReadCb DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_data_read_cb_t.
GpgmeDataWriteCb DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_data_write_cb_t.
GpgmeDataSeekCb DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_data_seek_cb_t.
GpgmeDataReleaseCb DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_data_release_cb_t.
GpgmeDataCbs DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_data_cbs_t.
GpgmeTrustItem DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_trust_item_t.
GpgmeStatusCode DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_status_code_t.
gpgme_ctx_t NEW
gpgme_data_t NEW
gpgme_recipients_t NEW
gpgme_error_t NEW
gpgme_data_encoding_t NEW
gpgme_sig_stat_t NEW
gpgme_sig_mode_t NEW
gpgme_attr_t NEW
gpgme_validity_t NEW
gpgme_protocol_t NEW
gpgme_key_t NEW
gpgme_passphrase_cb_t NEW
gpgme_progress_cb_t NEW
gpgme_io_cb_t NEW
gpgme_register_io_cb_t NEW
gpgme_remove_io_cb_t NEW
gpgme_event_io_t NEW
gpgme_event_io_cb_t NEW
gpgme_io_cbs NEW
gpgme_data_read_cb_t NEW
gpgme_data_write_cb_t NEW
gpgme_data_seek_cb_t NEW
gpgme_data_release_cb_t NEW
gpgme_data_cbs_t NEW
gpgme_trust_item_t NEW
gpgme_status_code_t NEW
GPGME_{some error code} REMOVED! Use GPG_ERR_* from libgpg-error.
gpgme_err_code_t NEW
gpgme_err_source_t NEW
gpgme_err_code NEW
gpgme_err_source NEW
gpgme_error NEW
gpgme_err_make NEW
gpgme_error_from_errno NEW
gpgme_err_make_from_errno NEW
gpgme_err_code_from_errno NEW
gpgme_err_code_to_errno NEW
gpgme_strsource NEW
gpgme_io_cb_t CHANGED: Return type from void to GpgmeError.
gpgme_event_io_t CHANGED: New event type (all numbers changed).
gpgme_passphrase_cb_t CHANGED: Desc decomposed, write directly to FD.
gpgme_edit_cb_t CHANGED: Write directly to FD.
gpgme_key_get_string_attr CHANGED: Don't handle GPGME_ATTR_IS_SECRET.
gpgme_op_verify CHANGED: Drop R_STAT argument.
gpgme_op_decrypt_verify CHANGED: Drop R_STAT argument.
gpgme_wait CHANGED: Can return NULL even if hang is true.
GpgmeIdleFunc REMOVED
gpgme_register_idle REMOVED
GpgmeRecipients REMOVED
gpgme_recipients_new REMOVED
gpgme_recipients_release REMOVED
gpgme_recipients_add_name REMOVED
gpgme_recipients_add_name_with_validity REMOVED
gpgme_recipients_count REMOVED
gpgme_recipients_enum_open REMOVED
gpgme_recipients_enum_read REMOVED
gpgme_recipients_enum_close REMOVED
gpgme_encrypt_flags_t NEW
GPGME_ENCRYPT_ALWAYS_TRUST NEW
gpgme_op_encrypt CHANGED: Recipients passed as gpgme_key_t[].
gpgme_op_encrypt_start CHANGED: Recipients passed as gpgme_key_t[].
gpgme_op_encrypt_sign CHANGED: Recipients passed as gpgme_key_t[].
gpgme_op_encrypt_sign_start CHANGED: Recipients passed as gpgme_key_t[].
gpgme_op_export_start CHANGED: User IDs passed as patterns.
gpgme_op_export CHANGED: User IDs passed as patterns.
gpgme_op_export_ext_start NEW
gpgme_op_export_ext NEW
gpgme_keylist_mode_t NEW
gpgme_sigsum_t NEW
gpgme_engine_info_t NEW
gpgme_get_engine_info CHANGED: Return info structure instead XML.
gpgme_get_protocol_name NEW
gpgme_cancel REMOVED: Return error in callback directly.
gpgme_op_genkey CHANGED: FPR argument dropped.
gpgme_op_genkey_result NEW
gpgme_genkey_result_t NEW
gpgme_op_import_ext DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_op_import_result.
gpgme_op_import_result NEW
gpgme_import_status_t NEW
gpgme_import_result_t NEW
gpgme_pubkey_algo_t NEW
gpgme_hash_algo_t NEW
gpgme_invalid_key_t NEW
gpgme_new_signature_t NEW
gpgme_sign_result_t NEW
gpgme_op_sign_result NEW
gpgme_pubkey_algo_name NEW
gpgme_hash_algo_name NEW
gpgme_encrypt_result_t NEW
gpgme_op_encrypt_result NEW
gpgme_decrypt_result_t NEW
gpgme_op_decrypt_result NEW
gpgme_verify_result_t NEW
gpgme_op_verify_result NEW
gpgme_get_notation REMOVED: Access verify result directly instead.
gpgme_get_sig_key DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_get_key with fingerprint.
gpgme_get_sig_ulong_attr DEPRECATED: Use verify result directly.
gpgme_get_sig_string_attr DEPRECATED: Use verify result directly.
GPGME_SIG_STAT_* DEPRECATED: Use error value in sig status.
gpgme_get_sig_status DEPRECATED: Use verify result directly.
gpgme_trust_item_t CHANGED: Now has user accessible data members.
gpgme_trust_item_ref NEW
gpgme_trust_item_unref NEW
gpgme_trust_item_release DEPRECATED: Use gpgme_trust_item_unref.
gpgme_trust_item_get_string_attr DEPRECATED
gpgme_trust_item_get_ulong_attr DEPRECATED
gpgme_get_key CHANGED: Removed force_update argument.
gpgme_subkey_t NEW
gpgme_key_sig_t NEW
gpgme_user_id_t NEW
gpgme_key_t CHANGED: Now has user accessible data members.
gpgme_key_get_string_attr DEPRECATED
gpgme_key_get_ulong_attr DEPRECATED
gpgme_key_sig_get_string_attr DEPRECATED
gpgme_key_sig_get_ulong_attr DEPRECATED
gpgme_key_get_as_xml REMOVED
gpgme_key_list_result_t NEW
gpgme_op_keylist_result NEW
gpgme_get_op_info REMOVED
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.4.0 (2002-12-23)
------------------------------------------------
* Key generation returns the fingerprint of the generated key.
* New convenience function gpgme_get_key.
* Supports signatures of user IDs in keys via the new
GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIGS keylist mode and the
gpgme_key_sig_get_string_attr and gpgme_key_sig_get_ulong_attr
interfaces. The XML info about a key also includes the signatures
if available.
* New data object interface, which is more flexible and transparent.
* Interface changes relative to the 0.3.9 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GpgmeDataReadCb NEW
GpgmeDataWriteCb NEW
GpgmeDataSeekCb NEW
GpgmeDataReleaseCb NEW
GpgmeDataCbs NEW
gpgme_data_read CHANGED: Match read() closely.
gpgme_data_write CHANGED: Match write() closely.
gpgme_data_seek NEW
gpgme_data_new_from_fd NEW
gpgme_data_new_from_stream NEW
gpgme_data_new_from_cbs NEW
gpgme_data_rewind DEPRECATED: Replaced by gpgme_data_seek().
gpgme_data_new_from_read_cb DEPRECATED: Replaced by gpgme_data_from_cbs().
gpgme_data_get_type REMOVED: No replacement.
gpgme_op_verify CHANGED: Take different data objects for
signed text and plain text.
gpgme_op_verify_start CHANGED: See gpgme_op_verify.
gpgme_check_engine REMOVED: Deprecated since 0.3.0.
gpgme_op_genkey CHANGED: New parameter FPR.
GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIGS NEW
gpgme_key_sig_get_string_attr NEW
gpgme_key_sig_get_ulong_attr NEW
gpgme_get_key NEW
GPGME_ATTR_SIG_CLASS NEW
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.16 (2003-11-19)
-------------------------------------------------
* Compatibility fixes for GnuPG 1.9.x
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.15 (2003-02-18)
-------------------------------------------------
* The progress status is sent via the progress callbacks in
gpgme_op_edit.
* Bug fix for signing operations with explicit signer settings for
the CMS protocol.
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.14 (2002-12-04)
-------------------------------------------------
* GPGME-Plug is now in its own package "cryptplug".
* Workaround for a setlocale problem. Fixed a segv related to not
correctly as closed marked file descriptors.
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.13 (2002-11-20)
-------------------------------------------------
* Release due to changes in gpgmeplug.
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.12 (2002-10-15)
-------------------------------------------------
* Fixed some bux with key listings.
* The development has been branched to clean up some API issues.
This 0.3 series will be kept for compatibility reasons; so do don't
expect new features.
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.11 (2002-09-20)
-------------------------------------------------
* Bug fixes.
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.10 (2002-09-02)
-------------------------------------------------
* Setting the signing keys for the CMS protocol does now work.
* The signers setting is honoured by gpgme_op_edit.
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.9 (2002-08-21)
------------------------------------------------
* A spec file for creating RPMs has been added.
* An experimental interface to GnuPG's --edit-key functionality is
introduced, see gpgme_op_edit.
* The new gpgme_import_ext function provides a convenient access to
the number of processed keys.
* Interface changes relative to the 0.3.8 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GpgmeStatusCode NEW
GpgmeEditCb NEW
gpgme_op_edit_start NEW
gpgme_op_edit NEW
gpgme_op_import_ext NEW
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.8 (2002-06-25)
------------------------------------------------
* It is possible to use an outside event loop for the I/O to the
crypto engine by setting the I/O callbacks with gpgme_set_io_cbs.
* Interface changes relative to the 0.3.6 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GpgmeIOCb NEW
GpgmeRegisterIOCb NEW
GpgmeRemoveIOCb NEW
GpgmeEventIO NEW
GpgmeEventIOCb NEW
struct GpgmeIOCbs NEW
gpgme_set_io_cbs NEW
gpgme_get_io_cbs NEW
GPGME_ATTR_ERRTOK NEW
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.7 (2002-06-04)
------------------------------------------------
* GPGME_ATTR_OTRUST is implemented now.
* A first step toward thread safeness has been achieved, see the
documentation for details. Supported thread libraries are pthread
and Pth.
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.6 (2002-05-03)
------------------------------------------------
* All error output of the gpgsm backend is send to the bit bucket.
* The signature verification functions are extended. Instead of
always returning GPGME_SIG_STATUS_GOOD, the functions new codes for
expired signatures. 2 new functions may be used to retrieve more
detailed information like the signature expiration time and a
validity information of the key without an extra key looking.
* The current passphrase callback and progress meter callback can be
retrieved with the new functions gpgme_get_passphrase_cb and
gpgme_get_progress_cb respectively.
* Interface changes relative to the 0.3.5 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_get_passphrase_cb NEW
gpgme_get_progress_cb NEW
GpgmeDataEncoding NEW
gpgme_data_set_encoding NEW
gpgme_data_get_encoding NEW
GPGME_SIG_STAT_GOOD_EXP NEW
GPGME_SIG_STAT_GOOD_EXPKEY NEW
gpgme_op_verify CHANGED: Returns more status codes.
GPGME_ATTR_SIG_STATUS NEW
gpgme_get_sig_string_attr NEW
gpgme_get_sig_ulong_attr NEW
gpgme_get_protocol NEW
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.5 (2002-04-01)
------------------------------------------------
* gpgme_op_encrypt can be called with RECIPIENTS being 0. In this
case, symmetric encryption is performed. Note that this requires a
passphrase from the user.
* More information is returned for X.509 certificates.
* Interface changes relative to the 0.3.4 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_op_encrypt EXTENDED: Symmetric encryption possible
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.4 (2002-03-04)
------------------------------------------------
* gpgme_op_encrypt does now fail with GPGME_Invalid_Recipients if
some recipients have been invalid, whereas earlier versions
succeeded in this case. The plaintext is still encrypted for all valid
recipients, so the application might take this error as a hint that
the ciphertext is not usable for all requested recipients.
Information about invalid recipients is available with gpgme_get_op_info.
* gpgme_op_verify now allows to pass an uninitialized data object as
its plaintext argument to check for normal and cleartext
signatures. The plaintext is then returned in the data object.
* New interfaces gpgme_set_include_certs and gpgme_get_include_certs
to set and get the number of certifications to include in S/MIME
signed messages.
* New interfaces gpgme_op_encrypt_sign and gpgme_op_encrypt_sign_start
to encrypt and sign a message in a combined operation.
* New interface gpgme_op_keylist_ext_start to search for multiple patterns.
* gpgme_key_get_ulong_attr supports the GPGME_ATTR_EXPIRE attribute.
* Interface changes relative to the 0.3.3 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_op_encrypt CHANGED: Can fail with GPGME_Invalid_Recipients
gpgme_op_verify EXTENDED: Accepts uninitialized text argument
gpgme_key_get_ulong_attr EXTENDED: Supports GPGME_ATTR_EXPIRE
gpgme_set_include_certs NEW
gpgme_get_include_certs NEW
gpgme_op_encrypt_sign NEW
gpgme_op_encrypt_sign_start NEW
gpgme_op_keylist_ext_start NEW
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.3 (2002-02-12)
------------------------------------------------
* Fix the Makefile in jnlib.
* Fix the test suite (hopefully). It should clean up all its state
with `make check' now.
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.2 (2002-02-10)
------------------------------------------------
* Remove erroneous dependency on libgcrypt in jnlib.
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.1 (2002-02-09)
------------------------------------------------
* There is a Texinfo manual documenting the API.
* The gpgme_set_keylist_mode function returns an error, and changed
its meaning. It is no longer usable to select between normal and
fast mode (newer versions of GnuPG will always be fast), but
selects between local keyring, remote keyserver, or both.
For this, two new macros are defined, GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_LOCAL
and GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_EXTERN. To make it possible to modify the
current setting, a fucntion gpgme_get_keylist_mode was added to
retrieve the current mode.
* gpgme_wait accepts a new argument STATUS to return the error status
of the operation on the context. Its definition is closer to
waitpid() now than before.
* The LENGTH argument to gpgme_data_new_from_filepart changed its
type from off_t to the unsigned size_t.
* The R_HD argument to the GpgmePassphraseCb type changed its type
from void* to void**.
* New interface gpgme_op_trustlist_end() to match
gpgme_op_keylist_end().
* The CryptPlug modules have been renamed to gpgme-openpgp and
gpgme-smime, and they are installed in pkglibdir by `make install'.
* An idle function can be registered with gpgme_register_idle().
* The GpgSM backend supports key generation with gpgme_op_genkey().
* Interface changes relative to the 0.3.0 release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_data_new_from_filepart CHANGED: Type of LENGTH is size_t.
GpgmePassphraseCb CHANGED: Type of R_HD is void **.
gpgme_wait CHANGED: New argument STATUS.
gpgme_set_keylist_mode CHANGED: Type of return value is GpgmeError.
The function has a new meaning!
gpgme_get_keylist_mode NEW
GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_LOCAL NEW
GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_EXTERN NEW
gpgme_op_trustlist_next NEW
GpgmeIdleFunc NEW
gpgme_register_idle NEW
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.3.0 (2001-12-19)
------------------------------------------------
* New interface gpgme_set_protocol() to set the protocol and thus the
crypto engine to be used by the context. Currently, the OpenPGP
and the CMS protocols are supported. They are specified by the new
preprocessor symbols GPGME_PROTOCOL_OpenPGP and GPGME_PROTOCOL_CMS.
A new context uses the OpenPGP engine by default.
* gpgme_get_engine_info() returns information for all crypto engines
compiled into the library. The XML format has changed. To
reliably get the version of a crypto engine, the <version> tag
after the appropriate <protocol> tag has to be looked for.
* New interface gpgme_engine_check_version(), obsoleting
gpgme_check_engine(). Check the version of all engines you are
supporting in your software.
* GpgmeKey lists the user ids in the order as they are returned by
GnuPG, first the primary key with index 0, then the sub-user ids.
* New operation gpgme_op_decrypt_verify() to decrypt and verify
signatures simultaneously.
* The new interface gpgme_op_keylist_end() terminates a pending
keylist operation. A keylist operation is also terminated when
gpgme_op_keylist_next() returns GPGME_EOF.
* GPGME can be compiled without GnuPG being installed (`--with-gpg=PATH'),
cross-compiled, or even compiled without support for GnuPG
(`--without-gpg').
* GPGME can be compiled with support for GpgSM (GnuPG for S/MIME,
`--with-gpgsm=PATH'). It is enabled by default if the `gpgsm' is found
in the path, but it can also be compiled without support for GpgSM
(`--without-gpgsm').
* CryptPlug modules for GPGME are included and can be enabled at
configure time (`--enable-gpgmeplug'). There is one module which
uses the GnuPG engine (`gpgmeplug') and one module which uses the
GpgSM engine (`gpgsmplug').
* Interface changes relative to the latest 0.2.x release:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
gpgme_key_get_as_xml CHANGED: Sub-user ids reversed in order.
gpgme_key_get_string_attr CHANGED: User ids reversed in order.
gpgme_key_get_ulong_attr CHANGED: User ids reversed in order.
gpgme_get_engine_info CHANGED: New format, extended content.
gpgme_engine_check_version NEW
gpgme_decrypt_verify_start NEW
gpgme_decrypt_verify NEW
gpgme_op_keylist_next NEW
gpgme_set_protocol NEW
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Noteworthy changes in version 0.2.3 (2001-09-17)
------------------------------------------------
* New function gpgme_get_op_info which can be used to get the micalg
parameter needed for MOSS.
* New functions gpgme_get_armor and gpgme_get_textmode.
* The usual bug fixes and some minor functionality improvements.
* Added a simple encryption component for MS-Windows; however the
build procedure might have some problems.
Noteworthy changes in version 0.2.2 (2001-06-12)
------------------------------------------------
* Implemented a key cache.
* Fixed a race condition under W32 and some other bug fixes.
Noteworthy changes in version 0.2.1 (2001-04-02)
------------------------------------------------
* Changed debug output and GPGME_DEBUG variable (gpgme/debug.c)
* Handle GnuPG's new key capabilities output and support revocation
et al. attributes
* Made the W32 support more robust.
Copyright 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009,
2010 g10 Code GmbH
This file is free software; as a special exception the author gives
unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, with or without
modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law; without even the
implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
diff --git a/doc/gpgme.texi b/doc/gpgme.texi
index c088cfed..78225d58 100644
--- a/doc/gpgme.texi
+++ b/doc/gpgme.texi
@@ -1,7381 +1,7380 @@
\input texinfo @c -*- mode: texinfo; coding: utf-8; -*-
@documentencoding UTF-8
@setfilename gpgme.info
@include defs.inc
@settitle The `GnuPG Made Easy' Reference Manual
@dircategory GNU Libraries
@direntry
* @acronym{GPGME}: (gpgme). Adding support for cryptography to your program.
@end direntry
@c Unify some of the indices.
@syncodeindex tp fn
@syncodeindex pg fn
@copying
Copyright @copyright{} 2002--2008, 2010, 2012--2016 g10 Code GmbH.
@quotation
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your
option) any later version. The text of the license can be found in the
section entitled ``Copying''.
@end quotation
This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
General Public License for more details.
@end copying
@c Macros used by the description of the UI server protocol
@macro clnt{string}
@sc{c:} \string\
@end macro
@macro srvr{string}
@sc{s:} \string\
@end macro
@c
@c T I T L E P A G E
@c
@ifinfo
This file documents the @acronym{GPGME} library.
This is Edition @value{EDITION}, last updated @value{UPDATED}, of
@cite{The `GnuPG Made Easy' Reference Manual}, for Version
@value{VERSION}.
@c NOTE: Don't forget to update the year for the TeX version, too.
@insertcopying
@end ifinfo
@c We do not want that bastard short titlepage.
@c @iftex
@c @shorttitlepage The `GnuPG Made Easy' Reference Manual
@c @end iftex
@titlepage
@center @titlefont{The `GnuPG Made Easy'}
@sp 1
@center @titlefont{Reference Manual}
@sp 6
@center Edition @value{EDITION}
@sp 1
@center last updated @value{UPDATED}
@sp 1
@center for version @value{VERSION}
@page
@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
Published by The GnuPG Project@* c/o g10 Code GmbH@* Hüttenstr. 61@* 40699 Erkrath, Germany
@insertcopying
@end titlepage
@page
@summarycontents
@contents
@ifnottex
@node Top
@top Main Menu
This is Edition @value{EDITION}, last updated @value{UPDATED}, of
@cite{The `GnuPG Made Easy' Reference Manual}, for Version
@value{VERSION} of the @acronym{GPGME} library.
@end ifnottex
@menu
* Introduction:: How to use this manual.
* Preparation:: What you should do before using the library.
* Protocols and Engines:: Supported crypto protocols.
* Algorithms:: Supported algorithms.
* Error Handling:: Error numbers and their meanings.
* Exchanging Data:: Passing data to and from @acronym{GPGME}.
* Contexts:: Handling @acronym{GPGME} contexts.
Appendices
* UI Server Protocol:: The GnuPG UI Server Protocol.
* Debugging:: How to solve problems.
* Deprecated Functions:: Documentation of deprecated functions.
* Library Copying:: The GNU Lesser General Public License says
how you can copy and share `GnuPG Made Easy'.
* Copying:: The GNU General Public License says how you
can copy and share this manual.
Indices
* Concept Index:: Index of concepts and programs.
* Function and Data Index:: Index of functions, variables and data types.
@detailmenu
--- The Detailed Node Listing ---
Introduction
* Getting Started:: Purpose of the manual, and how to use it.
* Features:: Reasons to install and use @acronym{GPGME}.
* Overview:: Basic architecture of the @acronym{GPGME} library.
Preparation
* Header:: What header file you need to include.
* Building the Source:: Compiler options to be used.
* Largefile Support (LFS):: How to use @acronym{GPGME} with LFS.
* Using Automake:: Compiler options to be used the easy way.
* Using Libtool:: Avoiding compiler options entirely.
* Library Version Check:: Getting and verifying the library version.
* Signal Handling:: How @acronym{GPGME} affects signal handling.
* Multi-Threading:: How @acronym{GPGME} can be used in an MT environment.
Protocols and Engines
* Engine Version Check:: Verifying the engine version.
* Engine Information:: Obtaining more information about the engines.
* Engine Configuration:: Changing the engine configuration.
* OpenPGP:: Support for the OpenPGP protocol.
* Cryptographic Message Syntax:: Support for the CMS.
Algorithms
* Public Key Algorithms:: A list of all public key algorithms.
* Hash Algorithms:: A list of all hash algorithms.
Error Handling
* Error Values:: The error value and what it means.
* Error Codes:: A list of important error codes.
* Error Sources:: A list of important error sources.
* Error Strings:: How to get a descriptive string from a value.
Exchanging Data
* Creating Data Buffers:: Creating new data buffers.
* Destroying Data Buffers:: Releasing data buffers.
* Manipulating Data Buffers:: Operations on data buffers.
Creating Data Buffers
* Memory Based Data Buffers:: Creating memory based data buffers.
* File Based Data Buffers:: Creating file based data buffers.
* Callback Based Data Buffers:: Creating callback based data buffers.
Manipulating Data Buffers
* Data Buffer I/O Operations:: I/O operations on data buffers.
* Data Buffer Meta-Data:: Meta-data manipulation of data buffers.
* Data Buffer Convenience:: Convenience function for data buffers.
Contexts
* Creating Contexts:: Creating new @acronym{GPGME} contexts.
* Destroying Contexts:: Releasing @acronym{GPGME} contexts.
* Result Management:: Managing the result of crypto operations.
* Context Attributes:: Setting properties of a context.
* Key Management:: Managing keys with @acronym{GPGME}.
* Trust Item Management:: Managing trust items with @acronym{GPGME}.
* Crypto Operations:: Using a context for cryptography.
* Miscellaneous:: Miscellaneous operations.
* Run Control:: Controlling how operations are run.
Context Attributes
* Protocol Selection:: Selecting the protocol used by a context.
* Crypto Engine:: Configuring the crypto engine.
* Setting the Sender:: How to tell the engine the sender.
* ASCII Armor:: Requesting @acronym{ASCII} armored output.
* Text Mode:: Choosing canonical text mode.
* Offline Mode:: Choosing offline mode.
* Included Certificates:: Including a number of certificates.
* Key Listing Mode:: Selecting key listing mode.
* Passphrase Callback:: Getting the passphrase from the user.
* Progress Meter Callback:: Being informed about the progress.
* Status Message Callback:: Status messages received from gpg.
* Locale:: Setting the locale of a context.
Key Management
* Key objects:: Description of the key structures.
* Listing Keys:: Browsing the list of available keys.
* Information About Keys:: Requesting detailed information about keys.
* Manipulating Keys:: Operations on keys.
* Generating Keys:: Creating new key pairs.
* Signing Keys:: Adding key signatures to public keys.
* Exporting Keys:: Retrieving key data from the key ring.
* Importing Keys:: Adding keys to the key ring.
* Deleting Keys:: Removing keys from the key ring.
* Changing Passphrases:: Change the passphrase of a key.
* Changing TOFU Data:: Changing data pertaining to TOFU.
* Advanced Key Editing:: Advanced key edit operation.
Trust Item Management
* Listing Trust Items:: Browsing the list of available trust items.
* Manipulating Trust Items:: Operations on trust items.
Crypto Operations
* Decrypt:: Decrypting a ciphertext.
* Verify:: Verifying a signature.
* Decrypt and Verify:: Decrypting a signed ciphertext.
* Sign:: Creating a signature.
* Encrypt:: Encrypting a plaintext.
Sign
* Selecting Signers:: How to choose the keys to sign with.
* Creating a Signature:: How to create a signature.
* Signature Notation Data:: How to add notation data to a signature.
Encrypt
* Encrypting a Plaintext:: How to encrypt a plaintext.
Miscellaneous
* Running other Programs:: Running other Programs.
* Using the Assuan protocol:: Using the Assuan protocol.
* Checking for updates:: How to check for software updates.
Run Control
* Waiting For Completion:: Waiting until an operation is completed.
* Using External Event Loops:: Advanced control over what happens when.
* Cancellation:: How to end pending operations prematurely.
Using External Event Loops
* I/O Callback Interface:: How I/O callbacks are registered.
* Registering I/O Callbacks:: How to use I/O callbacks for a context.
* I/O Callback Example:: An example how to use I/O callbacks.
* I/O Callback Example GTK+:: How to integrate @acronym{GPGME} in GTK+.
* I/O Callback Example GDK:: How to integrate @acronym{GPGME} in GDK.
* I/O Callback Example Qt:: How to integrate @acronym{GPGME} in Qt.
@end detailmenu
@end menu
@node Introduction
@chapter Introduction
`GnuPG Made Easy' (@acronym{GPGME}) is a C language library that
allows to add support for cryptography to a program. It is designed
to make access to public key crypto engines like GnuPG or GpgSM easier
for applications. @acronym{GPGME} provides a high-level crypto API
for encryption, decryption, signing, signature verification and key
management.
@acronym{GPGME} uses GnuPG and GpgSM as its backends to support
OpenPGP and the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS).
@menu
* Getting Started:: Purpose of the manual, and how to use it.
* Features:: Reasons to install and use @acronym{GPGME}.
* Overview:: Basic architecture of the @acronym{GPGME} library.
@end menu
@node Getting Started
@section Getting Started
This manual documents the @acronym{GPGME} library programming
interface. All functions and data types provided by the library are
explained.
The reader is assumed to possess basic knowledge about cryptography in
general, and public key cryptography in particular. The underlying
cryptographic engines that are used by the library are not explained,
but where necessary, special features or requirements by an engine are
mentioned as far as they are relevant to @acronym{GPGME} or its users.
This manual can be used in several ways. If read from the beginning
to the end, it gives a good introduction into the library and how it
can be used in an application. Forward references are included where
necessary. Later on, the manual can be used as a reference manual to
get just the information needed about any particular interface of the
library. Experienced programmers might want to start looking at the
examples at the end of the manual, and then only read up those parts
of the interface which are unclear.
The documentation for the language bindings is currently not included
in this manual. Those languages bindings follow the general
programming model of @acronym{GPGME} but may provide some extra high
level abstraction on top of the @acronym{GPGME} style API. For now
please see the README files in the @file{lang/} directory of the
source distribution.
@node Features
@section Features
@acronym{GPGME} has a couple of advantages over other libraries doing
a similar job, and over implementing support for GnuPG or other crypto
engines into your application directly.
@table @asis
@item it's free software
Anybody can use, modify, and redistribute it under the terms of the GNU
Lesser General Public License (@pxref{Library Copying}).
@item it's flexible
@acronym{GPGME} provides transparent support for several cryptographic
protocols by different engines. Currently, @acronym{GPGME} supports
the OpenPGP protocol using GnuPG as the backend, and the Cryptographic
Message Syntax using GpgSM as the backend.
@item it's easy
@acronym{GPGME} hides the differences between the protocols and
engines from the programmer behind an easy-to-use interface. This way
the programmer can focus on the other parts of the program, and still
integrate strong cryptography in his application. Once support for
@acronym{GPGME} has been added to a program, it is easy to add support
for other crypto protocols once @acronym{GPGME} backends provide them.
@item it's language friendly
@acronym{GPGME} comes with languages bindings for several common
programming languages: Common Lisp, C++, Python 2, and Python 3.
@end table
@node Overview
@section Overview
@acronym{GPGME} provides a data abstraction that is used to pass data
to the crypto engine, and receive returned data from it. Data can be
read from memory or from files, but it can also be provided by a
callback function.
The actual cryptographic operations are always set within a context.
A context provides configuration parameters that define the behaviour
of all operations performed within it. Only one operation per context
is allowed at any time, but when one operation is finished, you can
run the next operation in the same context. There can be more than
one context, and all can run different operations at the same time.
Furthermore, @acronym{GPGME} has rich key management facilities
including listing keys, querying their attributes, generating,
importing, exporting and deleting keys, and acquiring information
about the trust path.
With some precautions, @acronym{GPGME} can be used in a multi-threaded
environment, although it is not completely thread safe and thus needs
the support of the application.
@node Preparation
@chapter Preparation
To use @acronym{GPGME}, you have to perform some changes to your
sources and the build system. The necessary changes are small and
explained in the following sections. At the end of this chapter, it
is described how the library is initialized, and how the requirements
of the library are verified.
@menu
* Header:: What header file you need to include.
* Building the Source:: Compiler options to be used.
* Largefile Support (LFS):: How to use @acronym{GPGME} with LFS.
* Using Automake:: Compiler options to be used the easy way.
* Using Libtool:: Avoiding compiler options entirely.
* Library Version Check:: Getting and verifying the library version.
* Signal Handling:: How @acronym{GPGME} affects signal handling.
* Multi-Threading:: How @acronym{GPGME} can be used in an MT environment.
@end menu
@node Header
@section Header
@cindex header file
@cindex include file
All interfaces (data types and functions) of the library are defined
in the header file `gpgme.h'. You must include this in all programs
using the library, either directly or through some other header file,
like this:
@example
#include <gpgme.h>
@end example
The name space of @acronym{GPGME} is @code{gpgme_*} for function names
and data types and @code{GPGME_*} for other symbols. Symbols internal
to @acronym{GPGME} take the form @code{_gpgme_*} and @code{_GPGME_*}.
Because @acronym{GPGME} makes use of the GPG Error library, using
@acronym{GPGME} will also use the @code{GPG_ERR_*} name space
directly, and the @code{gpg_err*}, @code{gpg_str*}, and @code{gpgrt_*}
name space indirectly.
@node Building the Source
@section Building the Source
@cindex compiler options
@cindex compiler flags
If you want to compile a source file including the `gpgme.h' header
file, you must make sure that the compiler can find it in the
directory hierarchy. This is accomplished by adding the path to the
directory in which the header file is located to the compilers include
file search path (via the @option{-I} option).
However, the path to the include file is determined at the time the
source is configured. To solve this problem, gpgme ships with a small
helper program @command{gpgme-config} that knows about the path to the
include file and other configuration options. The options that need
to be added to the compiler invocation at compile time are output by
the @option{--cflags} option to @command{gpgme-config}. The following
example shows how it can be used at the command line:
@example
gcc -c foo.c `gpgme-config --cflags`
@end example
Adding the output of @samp{gpgme-config --cflags} to the compiler
command line will ensure that the compiler can find the
@acronym{GPGME} header file.
A similar problem occurs when linking the program with the library.
Again, the compiler has to find the library files. For this to work,
the path to the library files has to be added to the library search
path (via the @option{-L} option). For this, the option
@option{--libs} to @command{gpgme-config} can be used. For
convenience, this option also outputs all other options that are
required to link the program with @acronym{GPGME} (in particular, the
@samp{-lgpgme} option). The example shows how to link @file{foo.o}
with the @acronym{GPGME} library to a program @command{foo}.
@example
gcc -o foo foo.o `gpgme-config --libs`
@end example
Of course you can also combine both examples to a single command by
specifying both options to @command{gpgme-config}:
@example
gcc -o foo foo.c `gpgme-config --cflags --libs`
@end example
If you need to detect the installed language bindings you can use list
them using:
@example
gpgme-config --print-lang
@end example
or test for the availability using
@example
gpgme-config --have-lang=python && echo 'Bindings for Pythons available'
@end example
@node Largefile Support (LFS)
@section Largefile Support (LFS)
@cindex largefile support
@cindex LFS
@acronym{GPGME} is compiled with largefile support by default, if it
is available on the system. This means that GPGME supports files
larger than two gigabyte in size, if the underlying operating system
can. On some systems, largefile support is already the default. On
such systems, nothing special is required. However, some systems
provide only support for files up to two gigabyte in size by default.
Support for larger file sizes has to be specifically enabled.
To make a difficult situation even more complex, such systems provide
two different types of largefile support. You can either get all
relevant functions replaced with alternatives that are largefile
capable, or you can get new functions and data types for largefile
support added. Those new functions have the same name as their
smallfile counterparts, but with a suffix of 64.
An example: The data type @code{off_t} is 32 bit wide on GNU/Linux PC
systems. To address offsets in large files, you can either enable
largefile support add-on. Then a new data type @code{off64_t} is
provided, which is 64 bit wide. Or you can replace the existing
@code{off_t} data type with its 64 bit wide counterpart. All
occurences of @code{off_t} are then automagically replaced.
As if matters were not complex enough, there are also two different
types of file descriptors in such systems. This is important because
if file descriptors are exchanged between programs that use a
different maximum file size, certain errors must be produced on some
file descriptors to prevent subtle overflow bugs from occuring.
As you can see, supporting two different maximum file sizes at the
same time is not at all an easy task. However, the maximum file size
does matter for @acronym{GPGME}, because some data types it uses in
its interfaces are affected by that. For example, the @code{off_t}
data type is used in the @code{gpgme_data_seek} function, to match its
@acronym{POSIX} counterpart. This affects the call-frame of the
function, and thus the ABI of the library. Furthermore, file
descriptors can be exchanged between GPGME and the application.
For you as the user of the library, this means that your program must
be compiled in the same file size mode as the library. Luckily, there
is absolutely no valid reason for new programs to not enable largefile
support by default and just use that. The compatibility modes (small
file sizes or dual mode) can be considered an historic artefact, only
useful to allow for a transitional period.
On POSIX platforms @acronym{GPGME} is compiled using largefile support
by default. This means that your application must do the same, at
least as far as it is relevant for using the @file{gpgme.h} header
file. All types in this header files refer to their largefile
counterparts, if they are different from any default types on the
system.
On 32 and 64 bit Windows platforms @code{off_t} is declared as 32 bit
signed integer. There is no specific support for LFS in the C
library. The recommendation from Microsoft is to use the native
interface (@code{CreateFile} et al.) for large files. Released binary
versions of @acronym{GPGME} (libgpgme-11.dll) have always been build
with a 32 bit @code{off_t}. To avoid an ABI break we stick to this
convention for 32 bit Windows by using @code{long} there.
@acronym{GPGME} versions for 64 bit Windows have never been released
and thus we are able to use @code{int64_t} instead of @code{off_t}
there. For easier migration the typedef @code{gpgme_off_t} has been
defined. The reason we cannot use @code{off_t} directly is that some
toolchains (e.g. mingw64) introduce a POSIX compatible hack for
@code{off_t}. Some widely used toolkits make use of this hack and in
turn @acronym{GPGME} would need to use it also. However, this would
introduce an ABI break and existing software making use of libgpgme
might suffer from a severe break. Thus with version 1.4.2 we
redefined all functions using @code{off_t} to use @code{gpgme_off_t}
which is defined as explained above. This way we keep the ABI well
defined and independent of any toolchain hacks. The bottom line is
that LFS support in @acronym{GPGME} is only available on 64 bit
versions of Windows.
On POSIX platforms you can enable largefile support, if it is
different from the default on the system the application is compiled
on, by using the Autoconf macro @code{AC_SYS_LARGEFILE}. If you do
this, then you don't need to worry about anything else: It will just
work. In this case you might also want to use @code{AC_FUNC_FSEEKO}
to take advantage of some new interfaces, and @code{AC_TYPE_OFF_T}
(just in case).
If you do not use Autoconf, you can define the preprocessor symbol
@code{_FILE_OFFSET_BITS} to 64 @emph{before} including any header
files, for example by specifying the option
@code{-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64} on the compiler command line. You will
also want to define the preprocessor symbol @code{LARGEFILE_SOURCE} to
1 in this case, to take advantage of some new interfaces.
If you do not want to do either of the above, you probably know enough
about the issue to invent your own solution. Just keep in mind that
the @acronym{GPGME} header file expects that largefile support is
enabled, if it is available. In particular, we do not support dual
mode (@code{_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE}).
@node Using Automake
@section Using Automake
@cindex automake
@cindex autoconf
It is much easier if you use GNU Automake instead of writing your own
Makefiles. If you do that you do not have to worry about finding and
invoking the @command{gpgme-config} script at all. @acronym{GPGME}
provides an extension to Automake that does all the work for you.
@c A simple macro for optional variables.
@macro ovar{varname}
@r{[}@var{\varname\}@r{]}
@end macro
@defmac AM_PATH_GPGME (@ovar{minimum-version}, @ovar{action-if-found}, @ovar{action-if-not-found})
@defmacx AM_PATH_GPGME_PTH (@ovar{minimum-version}, @ovar{action-if-found}, @ovar{action-if-not-found})
@defmacx AM_PATH_GPGME_PTHREAD (@ovar{minimum-version}, @ovar{action-if-found}, @ovar{action-if-not-found})
Check whether @acronym{GPGME} (at least version @var{minimum-version},
if given) exists on the host system. If it is found, execute
@var{action-if-found}, otherwise do @var{action-if-not-found}, if
given.
Additionally, the function defines @code{GPGME_CFLAGS} to the flags
needed for compilation of the program to find the @file{gpgme.h}
header file, and @code{GPGME_LIBS} to the linker flags needed to link
the program to the @acronym{GPGME} library. If the used helper script
does not match the target type you are building for a warning is
printed and the string @code{libgcrypt} is appended to the variable
@code{gpg_config_script_warn}.
@code{AM_PATH_GPGME_PTH} checks for the version of @acronym{GPGME}
that can be used with GNU Pth, and defines @code{GPGME_PTH_CFLAGS} and
@code{GPGME_PTH_LIBS}.
@code{AM_PATH_GPGME_PTHREAD} checks for the version of @acronym{GPGME}
that can be used with the native pthread implementation, and defines
@code{GPGME_PTHREAD_CFLAGS} and @code{GPGME_PTHREAD_LIBS}. Since
version 1.8.0 this is no longer required to GPGME_PTHREAD as
@acronym{GPGME} itself is thread safe.
This macro searches for @command{gpgme-config} along the PATH. If
you are cross-compiling, it is useful to set the environment variable
@code{SYSROOT} to the top directory of your target. The macro will
then first look for the helper program in the @file{bin} directory
below that top directory. An absolute directory name must be used for
@code{SYSROOT}. Finally, if the configure command line option
@code{--with-gpgme-prefix} is used, only its value is used for the top
directory below which the helper script is expected.
@end defmac
You can use the defined Autoconf variables like this in your
@file{Makefile.am}:
@example
AM_CPPFLAGS = $(GPGME_CFLAGS)
LDADD = $(GPGME_LIBS)
@end example
@node Using Libtool
@section Using Libtool
@cindex libtool
The easiest way is to just use GNU Libtool. If you use libtool, and
link to @code{libgpgme.la}, @code{libgpgme-pth.la} or
@code{libgpgme-pthread.la} respectively, everything will be done
automatically by Libtool.
@node Library Version Check
@section Library Version Check
@cindex version check, of the library
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_check_version (@w{const char *@var{required_version}})
The function @code{gpgme_check_version} has four purposes. It can be
used to retrieve the version number of the library. In addition it
can verify that the version number is higher than a certain required
version number. In either case, the function initializes some
sub-systems, and for this reason alone it must be invoked early in
your program, before you make use of the other functions in
@acronym{GPGME}. The last purpose is to run selftests.
As a side effect for W32 based systems, the socket layer will get
initialized.
If @var{required_version} is @code{NULL}, the function returns a
pointer to a statically allocated string containing the version number
of the library.
If @var{required_version} is not @code{NULL}, it should point to a
string containing a version number, and the function checks that the
version of the library is at least as high as the version number
provided. In this case, the function returns a pointer to a
statically allocated string containing the version number of the
library. If @var{REQUIRED_VERSION} is not a valid version number, or
if the version requirement is not met, the function returns
@code{NULL}.
If you use a version of a library that is backwards compatible with
older releases, but contains additional interfaces which your program
uses, this function provides a run-time check if the necessary
features are provided by the installed version of the library.
If a selftest fails, the function may still succeed. Selftest errors
are returned later when invoking @code{gpgme_new}, so that a detailed
error code can be returned (historically, @code{gpgme_check_version}
does not return a detailed error code).
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {int} gpgme_set_global_flag @
(@w{const char *@var{name}}, @
@w{const char *@var{value}})
On some systems it is not easy to set environment variables and thus
hard to use @acronym{GPGME}'s internal trace facility for debugging.
This function has been introduced as an alternative way to enable
debugging and for a couple of other rarely used tweaks. It is
important to assure that only one thread accesses @acronym{GPGME}
functions between a call to this function and after the return from
the call to @code{gpgme_check_version}.
All currently supported features require that this function is called
as early as possible --- even before @code{gpgme_check_version}. The
features are identified by the following values for @var{name}:
@table @code
@item debug
To enable debugging use the string ``debug'' for @var{name} and
@var{value} identical to the value used with the environment variable
@code{GPGME_DEBUG}.
@item disable-gpgconf
Using this feature with any @var{value} disables the detection of the
gpgconf program and thus forces GPGME to fallback into the simple
OpenPGP only mode. It may be used to force the use of GnuPG-1 on
systems which have both GPG versions installed. Note that in general
the use of @code{gpgme_set_engine_info} is a better way to select a
specific engine version.
@item gpgconf-name
@itemx gpg-name
Set the name of the gpgconf respective gpg binary. The defaults are
@code{GNU/GnuPG/gpgconf} and @code{GNU/GnuPG/gpg}. Under Unix the
leading directory part is ignored. Under Windows the leading
directory part is used as the default installation directory; the
@code{.exe} suffix is added by GPGME. Use forward slashed even under
Windows.
@item require-gnupg
Set the mimimum version of the required GnuPG engine. If that version
is not met, GPGME fails early instead of trying to use the existant
version. The given version must be a string with major, minor, and
micro number. Example: "2.1.0".
@item w32-inst-dir
On Windows GPGME needs to know its installation directory to find its
spawn helper. This is in general no problem because a DLL has this
information. Some applications however link statically to GPGME and
thus GPGME can only figure out the installation directory of this
application which may be wrong in certain cases. By supplying an
installation directory as value to this flag, GPGME will assume that
that directory is the installation directory. This flag has no effect
on non-Windows platforms.
@end table
This function returns @code{0} on success. In contrast to other
functions the non-zero return value on failure does not convey any
error code. For setting ``debug'' the only possible error cause is an
out of memory condition; which would exhibit itself later anyway.
Thus the return value may be ignored.
@end deftypefun
After initializing @acronym{GPGME}, you should set the locale
information to the locale required for your output terminal. This
locale information is needed for example for the curses and Gtk
pinentry. Here is an example of a complete initialization:
@example
#include <locale.h>
#include <gpgme.h>
void
init_gpgme (void)
@{
/* Initialize the locale environment. */
setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
gpgme_check_version (NULL);
gpgme_set_locale (NULL, LC_CTYPE, setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL));
#ifdef LC_MESSAGES
gpgme_set_locale (NULL, LC_MESSAGES, setlocale (LC_MESSAGES, NULL));
#endif
@}
@end example
Note that you are highly recommended to initialize the locale settings
like this. @acronym{GPGME} can not do this for you because it would
not be thread safe. The conditional on LC_MESSAGES is only necessary
for portability to W32 systems.
@node Signal Handling
@section Signal Handling
@cindex signals
@cindex signal handling
The @acronym{GPGME} library communicates with child processes (the
crypto engines). If a child process dies unexpectedly, for example
due to a bug, or system problem, a @code{SIGPIPE} signal will be
delivered to the application. The default action is to abort the
program. To protect against this, @code{gpgme_check_version} sets the
@code{SIGPIPE} signal action to @code{SIG_IGN}, which means that the
signal will be ignored.
@acronym{GPGME} will only do that if the signal action for
@code{SIGPIPE} is @code{SIG_DEF} at the time
@code{gpgme_check_version} is called. If it is something different,
@code{GPGME} will take no action.
This means that if your application does not install any signal
handler for @code{SIGPIPE}, you don't need to take any precautions.
If you do install a signal handler for @code{SIGPIPE}, you must be
prepared to handle any @code{SIGPIPE} events that occur due to
@acronym{GPGME} writing to a defunct pipe. Furthermore, if your
application is multi-threaded, and you install a signal action for
@code{SIGPIPE}, you must make sure you do this either before
@code{gpgme_check_version} is called or afterwards.
@node Multi-Threading
@section Multi-Threading
@cindex thread-safeness
@cindex multi-threading
The @acronym{GPGME} library is mostly thread-safe, and can be used
in a multi-threaded environment but there are some requirements
for multi-threaded use:
@itemize @bullet
@item
The function @code{gpgme_check_version} must be called before any
other function in the library, because it initializes the thread
support subsystem in @acronym{GPGME}. To achieve this in
multi-threaded programs, you must synchronize the memory with respect
to other threads that also want to use @acronym{GPGME}. For this, it
is sufficient to call @code{gpgme_check_version} before creating the
other threads using @acronym{GPGME}@footnote{At least this is true for
POSIX threads, as @code{pthread_create} is a function that
synchronizes memory with respects to other threads. There are many
functions which have this property, a complete list can be found in
POSIX, IEEE Std 1003.1-2003, Base Definitions, Issue 6, in the
definition of the term ``Memory Synchronization''. For other thread
packages other, more relaxed or more strict rules may apply.}.
@item
Any @code{gpgme_data_t} and @code{gpgme_ctx_t} object must only be
accessed by one thread at a time. If multiple threads want to deal
with the same object, the caller has to make sure that operations on
that object are fully synchronized.
@item
Only one thread at any time is allowed to call @code{gpgme_wait}. If
multiple threads call this function, the caller must make sure that
all invocations are fully synchronized. It is safe to start
asynchronous operations while a thread is running in gpgme_wait.
@item
The function @code{gpgme_strerror} is not thread safe. You have to
use @code{gpgme_strerror_r} instead.
@end itemize
@node Protocols and Engines
@chapter Protocols and Engines
@cindex protocol
@cindex engine
@cindex crypto engine
@cindex backend
@cindex crypto backend
@acronym{GPGME} supports several cryptographic protocols, however, it
does not implement them. Rather it uses backends (also called
engines) which implement the protocol. @acronym{GPGME} uses
inter-process communication to pass data back and forth between the
application and the backend, but the details of the communication
protocol and invocation of the backend is completely hidden by the
interface. All complexity is handled by @acronym{GPGME}. Where an
exchange of information between the application and the backend is
necessary, @acronym{GPGME} provides the necessary callback function
hooks and further interfaces.
@deftp {Data type} {enum gpgme_protocol_t}
@tindex gpgme_protocol_t
The @code{gpgme_protocol_t} type specifies the set of possible protocol
values that are supported by @acronym{GPGME}. The following protocols
are supported:
@table @code
@item GPGME_PROTOCOL_OpenPGP
This specifies the OpenPGP protocol.
@item GPGME_PROTOCOL_CMS
This specifies the Cryptographic Message Syntax.
@item GPGME_PROTOCOL_GPGCONF
Under development. Please ask on @email{gnupg-devel@@gnupg.org} for help.
@item GPGME_PROTOCOL_ASSUAN
This specifies the raw Assuan protocol.
@item GPGME_PROTOCOL_G13
Under development. Please ask on @email{gnupg-devel@@gnupg.org} for help.
@item GPGME_PROTOCOL_UISERVER
Under development. Please ask on @email{gnupg-devel@@gnupg.org} for help.
@item GPGME_PROTOCOL_SPAWN
Special protocol for use with @code{gpgme_op_spawn}.
@item GPGME_PROTOCOL_UNKNOWN
Reserved for future extension. You may use this to indicate that the
used protocol is not known to the application. Currently,
@acronym{GPGME} does not accept this value in any operation, though,
except for @code{gpgme_get_protocol_name}.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_get_protocol_name (@w{gpgme_protocol_t @var{protocol}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_protocol_name} returns a statically
allocated string describing the protocol @var{protocol}, or
@code{NULL} if the protocol number is not valid.
@end deftypefun
@menu
* Engine Version Check:: Verifying the engine version.
* Engine Information:: Obtaining more information about the engines.
* Engine Configuration:: Changing the engine configuration.
* OpenPGP:: Support for the OpenPGP protocol.
* Cryptographic Message Syntax:: Support for the CMS.
* Assuan:: Support for the raw Assuan protocol.
@end menu
@node Engine Version Check
@section Engine Version Check
@cindex version check, of the engines
@deftypefun @w{const char *} gpgme_get_dirinfo (@w{cons char *@var{what}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_dirinfo} returns a statically allocated
string with the value associated to @var{what}. The returned values
are the defaults and won't change even after
@code{gpgme_set_engine_info} has been used to configure a different
engine. @code{NULL} is returned if no value is available. Commonly
supported values for @var{what} are:
@table @code
@item homedir
Return the default home directory.
@item sysconfdir
Return the name of the system configuration directory
@item bindir
Return the name of the directory with GnuPG program files.
@item libdir
Return the name of the directory with GnuPG related library files.
@item libexecdir
Return the name of the directory with GnuPG helper program files.
@item datadir
Return the name of the directory with GnuPG shared data.
@item localedir
Return the name of the directory with GnuPG locale data.
@item agent-socket
Return the name of the socket to connect to the gpg-agent.
@item agent-ssh-socket
Return the name of the socket to connect to the ssh-agent component of
gpg-agent.
@item dirmngr-socket
Return the name of the socket to connect to the dirmngr.
@item uiserver-socket
Return the name of the socket to connect to the user interface server.
@item gpgconf-name
Return the file name of the engine configuration tool.
@item gpg-name
Return the file name of the OpenPGP engine.
@item gpgsm-name
Return the file name of the CMS engine.
@item g13-name
Return the name of the file container encryption engine.
@end table
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_engine_check_version (@w{gpgme_protocol_t @var{protocol}})
The function @code{gpgme_engine_check_version} verifies that the
engine implementing the protocol @var{PROTOCOL} is installed in the
expected path and meets the version requirement of @acronym{GPGME}.
This function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
engine is available and @code{GPG_ERR_INV_ENGINE} if it is not.
@end deftypefun
@node Engine Information
@section Engine Information
@cindex engine, information about
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_engine_info_t}
@tindex gpgme_protocol_t
The @code{gpgme_engine_info_t} type specifies a pointer to a structure
describing a crypto engine. The structure contains the following
elements:
@table @code
@item gpgme_engine_info_t next
This is a pointer to the next engine info structure in the linked
list, or @code{NULL} if this is the last element.
@item gpgme_protocol_t protocol
This is the protocol for which the crypto engine is used. You can
convert this to a string with @code{gpgme_get_protocol_name} for
printing.
@item const char *file_name
This is a string holding the file name of the executable of the crypto
engine. Currently, it is never @code{NULL}, but using @code{NULL} is
reserved for future use, so always check before you use it.
@item const char *home_dir
This is a string holding the directory name of the crypto engine's
configuration directory. If it is @code{NULL}, then the default
directory is used. See @code{gpgme_get_dirinfo} on how to get the
default directory.
@item const char *version
This is a string containing the version number of the crypto engine.
It might be @code{NULL} if the version number can not be determined,
for example because the executable doesn't exist or is invalid.
@item const char *req_version
This is a string containing the minimum required version number of the
crypto engine for @acronym{GPGME} to work correctly. This is the
version number that @code{gpgme_engine_check_version} verifies
against. Currently, it is never @code{NULL}, but using @code{NULL} is
reserved for future use, so always check before you use it.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_get_engine_info (@w{gpgme_engine_info_t *@var{info}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_engine_info} returns a linked list of
engine info structures in @var{info}. Each info structure describes
the defaults of one configured backend.
The memory for the info structures is allocated the first time this
function is invoked, and must not be freed by the caller.
This function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if
successful, and a system error if the memory could not be allocated.
@end deftypefun
Here is an example how you can provide more diagnostics if you receive
an error message which indicates that the crypto engine is invalid.
@example
gpgme_ctx_t ctx;
gpgme_error_t err;
[...]
if (gpgme_err_code (err) == GPG_ERR_INV_ENGINE)
@{
gpgme_engine_info_t info;
err = gpgme_get_engine_info (&info);
if (!err)
@{
while (info && info->protocol != gpgme_get_protocol (ctx))
info = info->next;
if (!info)
fprintf (stderr, "GPGME compiled without support for protocol %s",
gpgme_get_protocol_name (info->protocol));
else if (info->file_name && !info->version)
fprintf (stderr, "Engine %s not installed properly",
info->file_name);
else if (info->file_name && info->version && info->req_version)
fprintf (stderr, "Engine %s version %s installed, "
"but at least version %s required", info->file_name,
info->version, info->req_version);
else
fprintf (stderr, "Unknown problem with engine for protocol %s",
gpgme_get_protocol_name (info->protocol));
@}
@}
@end example
@node Engine Configuration
@section Engine Configuration
@cindex engine, configuration of
@cindex configuration of crypto backend
You can change the configuration of a backend engine, and thus change
the executable program and configuration directory to be used. You
can make these changes the default or set them for some contexts
individually.
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_set_engine_info (@w{gpgme_protocol_t @var{proto}}, @w{const char *@var{file_name}}, @w{const char *@var{home_dir}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_engine_info} changes the default
configuration of the crypto engine implementing the protocol
@var{proto}.
@var{file_name} is the file name of the executable program
implementing this protocol, and @var{home_dir} is the directory name
of the configuration directory for this crypto engine. If
@var{home_dir} is @code{NULL}, the engine's default will be used.
The new defaults are not applied to already created GPGME contexts.
This function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if
successful, or an eror code on failure.
@end deftypefun
The functions @code{gpgme_ctx_get_engine_info} and
@code{gpgme_ctx_set_engine_info} can be used to change the engine
configuration per context. @xref{Crypto Engine}.
@node OpenPGP
@section OpenPGP
@cindex OpenPGP
@cindex GnuPG
@cindex protocol, GnuPG
@cindex engine, GnuPG
OpenPGP is implemented by GnuPG, the @acronym{GNU} Privacy Guard.
This is the first protocol that was supported by @acronym{GPGME}.
The OpenPGP protocol is specified by @code{GPGME_PROTOCOL_OpenPGP}.
@node Cryptographic Message Syntax
@section Cryptographic Message Syntax
@cindex CMS
@cindex cryptographic message syntax
@cindex GpgSM
@cindex protocol, CMS
@cindex engine, GpgSM
@cindex S/MIME
@cindex protocol, S/MIME
@acronym{CMS} is implemented by GpgSM, the S/MIME implementation for
GnuPG.
The @acronym{CMS} protocol is specified by @code{GPGME_PROTOCOL_CMS}.
@node Assuan
@section Assuan
@cindex ASSUAN
@cindex protocol, ASSUAN
@cindex engine, ASSUAN
Assuan is the RPC library used by the various @acronym{GnuPG}
components. The Assuan protocol allows one to talk to arbitrary
Assuan servers using @acronym{GPGME}. @xref{Using the Assuan
protocol}.
The ASSUAN protocol is specified by @code{GPGME_PROTOCOL_ASSUAN}.
@node Algorithms
@chapter Algorithms
@cindex algorithms
The crypto backends support a variety of algorithms used in public key
cryptography.@footnote{Some engines also provide symmetric only
encryption; see the description of the encryption function on how to use
this.} The following sections list the identifiers used to denote such
an algorithm.
@menu
* Public Key Algorithms:: A list of all public key algorithms.
* Hash Algorithms:: A list of all hash algorithms.
@end menu
@node Public Key Algorithms
@section Public Key Algorithms
@cindex algorithms, public key
@cindex public key algorithms
Public key algorithms are used for encryption, decryption, signing and
verification of signatures.
@deftp {Data type} {enum gpgme_pubkey_algo_t}
@tindex gpgme_pubkey_algo_t
The @code{gpgme_pubkey_algo_t} type specifies the set of all public key
algorithms that are supported by @acronym{GPGME}. Possible values
are:
@table @code
@item GPGME_PK_RSA
This value indicates the RSA (Rivest, Shamir, Adleman) algorithm.
@item GPGME_PK_RSA_E
Deprecated. This value indicates the RSA (Rivest, Shamir, Adleman)
algorithm for encryption and decryption only.
@item GPGME_PK_RSA_S
Deprecated. This value indicates the RSA (Rivest, Shamir, Adleman)
algorithm for signing and verification only.
@item GPGME_PK_DSA
This value indicates DSA, the Digital Signature Algorithm.
@item GPGME_PK_ELG
This value indicates ElGamal.
@item GPGME_PK_ELG_E
This value also indicates ElGamal and is used specifically in GnuPG.
@item GPGME_PK_ECC
This value is a generic indicator for ellipic curve algorithms.
@item GPGME_PK_ECDSA
This value indicates ECDSA, the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature
Algorithm as defined by FIPS 186-2 and RFC-6637.
@item GPGME_PK_ECDH
This value indicates ECDH, the Eliptic Curve Diffie-Hellmann
encryption algorithm as defined by RFC-6637.
@item GPGME_PK_EDDSA
This value indicates the EdDSA algorithm.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_pubkey_algo_name (@w{gpgme_pubkey_algo_t @var{algo}})
The function @code{gpgme_pubkey_algo_name} returns a pointer to a
statically allocated string containing a description of the public key
algorithm @var{algo}. This string can be used to output the name of
the public key algorithm to the user.
If @var{algo} is not a valid public key algorithm, @code{NULL} is
returned.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {char *} gpgme_pubkey_algo_string (@w{gpgme_subkey_t @var{key}})
The function @code{gpgme_pubkey_algo_string} is a convenience function
to build and return an algorithm string in the same way GnuPG does
(e.g. ``rsa2048'' or ``ed25519''). The caller must free the result
using @code{gpgme_free}. On error (e.g. invalid argument or memory
exhausted), the function returns NULL and sets @code{ERRNO}.
@end deftypefun
@node Hash Algorithms
@section Hash Algorithms
@cindex algorithms, hash
@cindex algorithms, message digest
@cindex hash algorithms
@cindex message digest algorithms
Hash (message digest) algorithms are used to compress a long message
to make it suitable for public key cryptography.
@deftp {Data type} {enum gpgme_hash_algo_t}
@tindex gpgme_hash_algo_t
The @code{gpgme_hash_algo_t} type specifies the set of all hash algorithms
that are supported by @acronym{GPGME}. Possible values are:
@table @code
@item GPGME_MD_MD5
@item GPGME_MD_SHA1
@item GPGME_MD_RMD160
@item GPGME_MD_MD2
@item GPGME_MD_TIGER
@item GPGME_MD_HAVAL
@item GPGME_MD_SHA256
@item GPGME_MD_SHA384
@item GPGME_MD_SHA512
@item GPGME_MD_SHA224
@item GPGME_MD_MD4
@item GPGME_MD_CRC32
@item GPGME_MD_CRC32_RFC1510
@item GPGME_MD_CRC24_RFC2440
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_hash_algo_name (@w{gpgme_hash_algo_t @var{algo}})
The function @code{gpgme_hash_algo_name} returns a pointer to a
statically allocated string containing a description of the hash
algorithm @var{algo}. This string can be used to output the name of
the hash algorithm to the user.
If @var{algo} is not a valid hash algorithm, @code{NULL} is returned.
@end deftypefun
@node Error Handling
@chapter Error Handling
@cindex error handling
Many functions in @acronym{GPGME} can return an error if they fail.
For this reason, the application should always catch the error
condition and take appropriate measures, for example by releasing the
resources and passing the error up to the caller, or by displaying a
descriptive message to the user and cancelling the operation.
Some error values do not indicate a system error or an error in the
operation, but the result of an operation that failed properly. For
example, if you try to decrypt a tempered message, the decryption will
fail. Another error value actually means that the end of a data
buffer or list has been reached. The following descriptions explain
for many error codes what they mean usually. Some error values have
specific meanings if returned by a certain functions. Such cases are
described in the documentation of those functions.
@acronym{GPGME} uses the @code{libgpg-error} library. This allows to
share the error codes with other components of the GnuPG system, and
thus pass error values transparently from the crypto engine, or some
helper application of the crypto engine, to the user. This way no
information is lost. As a consequence, @acronym{GPGME} does not use
its own identifiers for error codes, but uses those provided by
@code{libgpg-error}. They usually start with @code{GPG_ERR_}.
However, @acronym{GPGME} does provide aliases for the functions
defined in libgpg-error, which might be preferred for name space
consistency.
@menu
* Error Values:: The error value and what it means.
* Error Sources:: A list of important error sources.
* Error Codes:: A list of important error codes.
* Error Strings:: How to get a descriptive string from a value.
@end menu
@node Error Values
@section Error Values
@cindex error values
@cindex error codes
@cindex error sources
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_err_code_t}
The @code{gpgme_err_code_t} type is an alias for the @code{libgpg-error}
type @code{gpg_err_code_t}. The error code indicates the type of an
error, or the reason why an operation failed.
A list of important error codes can be found in the next section.
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_err_source_t}
The @code{gpgme_err_source_t} type is an alias for the
@code{libgpg-error} type @code{gpg_err_source_t}. The error source
has not a precisely defined meaning. Sometimes it is the place where
the error happened, sometimes it is the place where an error was
encoded into an error value. Usually the error source will give an
indication to where to look for the problem. This is not always true,
but it is attempted to achieve this goal.
A list of important error sources can be found in the next section.
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_error_t}
The @code{gpgme_error_t} type is an alias for the @code{libgpg-error}
type @code{gpg_error_t}. An error value like this has always two
components, an error code and an error source. Both together form the
error value.
Thus, the error value can not be directly compared against an error
code, but the accessor functions described below must be used.
However, it is guaranteed that only 0 is used to indicate success
(@code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR}), and that in this case all other parts of
the error value are set to 0, too.
Note that in @acronym{GPGME}, the error source is used purely for
diagnostical purposes. Only the error code should be checked to test
for a certain outcome of a function. The manual only documents the
error code part of an error value. The error source is left
unspecified and might be anything.
@end deftp
@deftypefun {static inline gpgme_err_code_t} gpgme_err_code (@w{gpgme_error_t @var{err}})
The static inline function @code{gpgme_err_code} returns the
@code{gpgme_err_code_t} component of the error value @var{err}. This
function must be used to extract the error code from an error value in
order to compare it with the @code{GPG_ERR_*} error code macros.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {static inline gpgme_err_source_t} gpgme_err_source (@w{gpgme_error_t @var{err}})
The static inline function @code{gpgme_err_source} returns the
@code{gpgme_err_source_t} component of the error value @var{err}. This
function must be used to extract the error source from an error value in
order to compare it with the @code{GPG_ERR_SOURCE_*} error source macros.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {static inline gpgme_error_t} gpgme_err_make (@w{gpgme_err_source_t @var{source}}, @w{gpgme_err_code_t @var{code}})
The static inline function @code{gpgme_err_make} returns the error
value consisting of the error source @var{source} and the error code
@var{code}.
This function can be used in callback functions to construct an error
value to return it to the library.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {static inline gpgme_error_t} gpgme_error (@w{gpgme_err_code_t @var{code}})
The static inline function @code{gpgme_error} returns the error value
consisting of the default error source and the error code @var{code}.
For @acronym{GPGME} applications, the default error source is
@code{GPG_ERR_SOURCE_USER_1}. You can define
@code{GPGME_ERR_SOURCE_DEFAULT} before including @file{gpgme.h} to
change this default.
This function can be used in callback functions to construct an error
value to return it to the library.
@end deftypefun
The @code{libgpg-error} library provides error codes for all system
error numbers it knows about. If @var{err} is an unknown error
number, the error code @code{GPG_ERR_UNKNOWN_ERRNO} is used. The
following functions can be used to construct error values from system
errnor numbers.
@deftypefun {gpgme_error_t} gpgme_err_make_from_errno (@w{gpgme_err_source_t @var{source}}, @w{int @var{err}})
The function @code{gpgme_err_make_from_errno} is like
@code{gpgme_err_make}, but it takes a system error like @code{errno}
instead of a @code{gpgme_err_code_t} error code.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {gpgme_error_t} gpgme_error_from_errno (@w{int @var{err}})
The function @code{gpgme_error_from_errno} is like @code{gpgme_error},
but it takes a system error like @code{errno} instead of a
@code{gpgme_err_code_t} error code.
@end deftypefun
Sometimes you might want to map system error numbers to error codes
directly, or map an error code representing a system error back to the
system error number. The following functions can be used to do that.
@deftypefun {gpgme_err_code_t} gpgme_err_code_from_errno (@w{int @var{err}})
The function @code{gpgme_err_code_from_errno} returns the error code
for the system error @var{err}. If @var{err} is not a known system
error, the function returns @code{GPG_ERR_UNKNOWN_ERRNO}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {int} gpgme_err_code_to_errno (@w{gpgme_err_code_t @var{err}})
The function @code{gpgme_err_code_to_errno} returns the system error
for the error code @var{err}. If @var{err} is not an error code
representing a system error, or if this system error is not defined on
this system, the function returns @code{0}.
@end deftypefun
@node Error Sources
@section Error Sources
@cindex error codes, list of
The library @code{libgpg-error} defines an error source for every
component of the GnuPG system. The error source part of an error
value is not well defined. As such it is mainly useful to improve the
diagnostic error message for the user.
If the error code part of an error value is @code{0}, the whole error
value will be @code{0}. In this case the error source part is of
course @code{GPG_ERR_SOURCE_UNKNOWN}.
The list of error sources that might occur in applications using
@acronym{GPGME} is:
@table @code
@item GPG_ERR_SOURCE_UNKNOWN
The error source is not known. The value of this error source is
@code{0}.
@item GPG_ERR_SOURCE_GPGME
The error source is @acronym{GPGME} itself. This is the default for
errors that occur in the @acronym{GPGME} library.
@item GPG_ERR_SOURCE_GPG
The error source is GnuPG, which is the crypto engine used for the
OpenPGP protocol.
@item GPG_ERR_SOURCE_GPGSM
The error source is GPGSM, which is the crypto engine used for the
CMS protocol.
@item GPG_ERR_SOURCE_GCRYPT
The error source is @code{libgcrypt}, which is used by crypto engines
to perform cryptographic operations.
@item GPG_ERR_SOURCE_GPGAGENT
The error source is @command{gpg-agent}, which is used by crypto
engines to perform operations with the secret key.
@item GPG_ERR_SOURCE_PINENTRY
The error source is @command{pinentry}, which is used by
@command{gpg-agent} to query the passphrase to unlock a secret key.
@item GPG_ERR_SOURCE_SCD
The error source is the SmartCard Daemon, which is used by
@command{gpg-agent} to delegate operations with the secret key to a
SmartCard.
@item GPG_ERR_SOURCE_KEYBOX
The error source is @code{libkbx}, a library used by the crypto
engines to manage local keyrings.
@item GPG_ERR_SOURCE_USER_1
@item GPG_ERR_SOURCE_USER_2
@item GPG_ERR_SOURCE_USER_3
@item GPG_ERR_SOURCE_USER_4
These error sources are not used by any GnuPG component and can be
used by other software. For example, applications using
@acronym{GPGME} can use them to mark error values coming from callback
handlers. Thus @code{GPG_ERR_SOURCE_USER_1} is the default for errors
created with @code{gpgme_error} and @code{gpgme_error_from_errno},
unless you define @code{GPGME_ERR_SOURCE_DEFAULT} before including
@file{gpgme.h}.
@end table
@node Error Codes
@section Error Codes
@cindex error codes, list of
The library @code{libgpg-error} defines many error values. Most of
them are not used by @code{GPGME} directly, but might be returned by
@acronym{GPGME} because it received them from the crypto engine. The
below list only includes such error codes that have a specific meaning
in @code{GPGME}, or which are so common that you should know about
them.
@table @code
@item GPG_ERR_EOF
This value indicates the end of a list, buffer or file.
@item GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR
This value indicates success. The value of this error code is
@code{0}. Also, it is guaranteed that an error value made from the
error code @code{0} will be @code{0} itself (as a whole). This means
that the error source information is lost for this error code,
however, as this error code indicates that no error occured, this is
generally not a problem.
@item GPG_ERR_GENERAL
This value means that something went wrong, but either there is not
enough information about the problem to return a more useful error
value, or there is no separate error value for this type of problem.
@item GPG_ERR_ENOMEM
This value means that an out-of-memory condition occurred.
@item GPG_ERR_E...
System errors are mapped to GPG_ERR_FOO where FOO is the symbol for
the system error.
@item GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE
This value means that some user provided data was out of range. This
can also refer to objects. For example, if an empty
@code{gpgme_data_t} object was expected, but one containing data was
provided, this error value is returned.
@item GPG_ERR_UNUSABLE_PUBKEY
This value means that some recipients for a message were invalid.
@item GPG_ERR_UNUSABLE_SECKEY
This value means that some signers were invalid.
@item GPG_ERR_NO_DATA
This value means that a @code{gpgme_data_t} object which was expected
to have content was found empty.
@item GPG_ERR_CONFLICT
This value means that a conflict of some sort occurred.
@item GPG_ERR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED
This value indicates that the specific function (or operation) is not
implemented. This error should never happen. It can only occur if
you use certain values or configuration options which do not work,
but for which we think that they should work at some later time.
@item GPG_ERR_DECRYPT_FAILED
This value indicates that a decryption operation was unsuccessful.
@item GPG_ERR_BAD_PASSPHRASE
This value means that the user did not provide a correct passphrase
when requested.
@item GPG_ERR_CANCELED
This value means that the operation was canceled.
@item GPG_ERR_INV_ENGINE
This value means that the engine that implements the desired protocol
is currently not available. This can either be because the sources
were configured to exclude support for this engine, or because the
engine is not installed properly.
@item GPG_ERR_AMBIGUOUS_NAME
This value indicates that a user ID or other specifier did not specify
a unique key.
@item GPG_ERR_WRONG_KEY_USAGE
This value indicates that a key is not used appropriately.
@item GPG_ERR_CERT_REVOKED
This value indicates that a key signature was revoced.
@item GPG_ERR_CERT_EXPIRED
This value indicates that a key signature expired.
@item GPG_ERR_NO_CRL_KNOWN
This value indicates that no certificate revocation list is known for
the certificate.
@item GPG_ERR_NO_POLICY_MATCH
This value indicates that a policy issue occured.
@item GPG_ERR_NO_SECKEY
This value indicates that no secret key for the user ID is available.
@item GPG_ERR_MISSING_CERT
This value indicates that a key could not be imported because the
issuer certificate is missing.
@item GPG_ERR_BAD_CERT_CHAIN
This value indicates that a key could not be imported because its
certificate chain is not good, for example it could be too long.
@item GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_ALGORITHM
This value means a verification failed because the cryptographic
algorithm is not supported by the crypto backend.
@item GPG_ERR_BAD_SIGNATURE
This value means a verification failed because the signature is bad.
@item GPG_ERR_NO_PUBKEY
This value means a verification failed because the public key is not
available.
@item GPG_ERR_USER_1
@item GPG_ERR_USER_2
@item ...
@item GPG_ERR_USER_16
These error codes are not used by any GnuPG component and can be
freely used by other software. Applications using @acronym{GPGME}
might use them to mark specific errors returned by callback handlers
if no suitable error codes (including the system errors) for
these errors exist already.
@end table
@node Error Strings
@section Error Strings
@cindex error values, printing of
@cindex error codes, printing of
@cindex error sources, printing of
@cindex error strings
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_strerror (@w{gpgme_error_t @var{err}})
The function @code{gpgme_strerror} returns a pointer to a statically
allocated string containing a description of the error code contained
in the error value @var{err}. This string can be used to output a
diagnostic message to the user.
This function is not thread safe. Use @code{gpgme_strerror_r} in
multi-threaded programs.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {int} gpgme_strerror_r (@w{gpgme_error_t @var{err}}, @w{char *@var{buf}}, @w{size_t @var{buflen}})
The function @code{gpgme_strerror_r} returns the error string for
@var{err} in the user-supplied buffer @var{buf} of size @var{buflen}.
This function is, in contrast to @code{gpgme_strerror}, thread-safe if
a thread-safe @code{strerror_r} function is provided by the system.
If the function succeeds, 0 is returned and @var{buf} contains the
string describing the error. If the buffer was not large enough,
ERANGE is returned and @var{buf} contains as much of the beginning of
the error string as fits into the buffer.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_strsource (@w{gpgme_error_t @var{err}})
The function @code{gpgme_strerror} returns a pointer to a statically
allocated string containing a description of the error source
contained in the error value @var{err}. This string can be used to
output a diagnostic message to the user.
@end deftypefun
The following example illustrates the use of @code{gpgme_strerror}:
@example
gpgme_ctx_t ctx;
gpgme_error_t err = gpgme_new (&ctx);
if (err)
@{
fprintf (stderr, "%s: creating GpgME context failed: %s: %s\n",
argv[0], gpgme_strsource (err), gpgme_strerror (err));
exit (1);
@}
@end example
@node Exchanging Data
@chapter Exchanging Data
@cindex data, exchanging
A lot of data has to be exchanged between the user and the crypto
engine, like plaintext messages, ciphertext, signatures and
information about the keys. The technical details about exchanging
the data information are completely abstracted by @acronym{GPGME}.
The user provides and receives the data via @code{gpgme_data_t} objects,
regardless of the communication protocol between @acronym{GPGME} and
the crypto engine in use.
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_data_t}
The @code{gpgme_data_t} type is a handle for a container for generic
data, which is used by @acronym{GPGME} to exchange data with the user.
@end deftp
@code{gpgme_data_t} objects do not provide notifications on events.
It is assumed that read and write operations are blocking until data
is available. If this is undesirable, the application must ensure
that all GPGME data operations always have data available, for example
by using memory buffers or files rather than pipes or sockets. This
might be relevant, for example, if the external event loop mechanism
is used.
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_off_t}
On POSIX platforms the @code{gpgme_off_t} type is an alias for
@code{off_t}; it may be used interchangeable. On Windows platforms
@code{gpgme_off_t} is defined as a long (i.e. 32 bit) for 32 bit
Windows and as a 64 bit signed integer for 64 bit Windows.
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_ssize_t}
The @code{gpgme_ssize_t} type is an alias for @code{ssize_t}. It has
only been introduced to overcome portability problems pertaining to
the declaration of @code{ssize_t} by different toolchains.
@end deftp
@menu
* Creating Data Buffers:: Creating new data buffers.
* Destroying Data Buffers:: Releasing data buffers.
* Manipulating Data Buffers:: Operations on data buffers.
@end menu
@node Creating Data Buffers
@section Creating Data Buffers
@cindex data buffer, creation
Data objects can be based on memory, files, or callback functions
provided by the user. Not all operations are supported by all
objects.
@menu
* Memory Based Data Buffers:: Creating memory based data buffers.
* File Based Data Buffers:: Creating file based data buffers.
* Callback Based Data Buffers:: Creating callback based data buffers.
@end menu
@node Memory Based Data Buffers
@subsection Memory Based Data Buffers
Memory based data objects store all data in allocated memory. This is
convenient, but only practical for an amount of data that is a
fraction of the available physical memory. The data has to be copied
from its source and to its destination, which can often be avoided by
using one of the other data object
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_data_new (@w{gpgme_data_t *@var{dh}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_new} creates a new @code{gpgme_data_t}
object and returns a handle for it in @var{dh}. The data object is
memory based and initially empty.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
data object was successfully created, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{dh} is not a valid pointer, and @code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if not
enough memory is available.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_data_new_from_mem (@w{gpgme_data_t *@var{dh}}, @w{const char *@var{buffer}}, @w{size_t @var{size}}, @w{int @var{copy}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_new_from_mem} creates a new
@code{gpgme_data_t} object and fills it with @var{size} bytes starting
from @var{buffer}.
If @var{copy} is not zero, a private copy of the data is made. If
@var{copy} is zero, the data is taken from the specified buffer as
needed, and the user has to ensure that the buffer remains valid for
the whole life span of the data object.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
data object was successfully created, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{dh} or @var{buffer} is not a valid pointer, and
@code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if not enough memory is available.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_data_new_from_file (@w{gpgme_data_t *@var{dh}}, @w{const char *@var{filename}}, @w{int @var{copy}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_new_from_file} creates a new
@code{gpgme_data_t} object and fills it with the content of the file
@var{filename}.
If @var{copy} is not zero, the whole file is read in at initialization
time and the file is not used anymore after that. This is the only
mode supported currently. Later, a value of zero for @var{copy} might
cause all reads to be delayed until the data is needed, but this is
not yet implemented.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
data object was successfully created, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{dh} or @var{filename} is not a valid pointer,
@code{GPG_ERR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED} if @var{code} is zero, and
@code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if not enough memory is available.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_data_new_from_filepart (@w{gpgme_data_t *@var{dh}}, @w{const char *@var{filename}}, @w{FILE *@var{fp}}, @w{off_t @var{offset}}, @w{size_t @var{length}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_new_from_filepart} creates a new
@code{gpgme_data_t} object and fills it with a part of the file specified
by @var{filename} or @var{fp}.
Exactly one of @var{filename} and @var{fp} must be non-zero, the other
must be zero. The argument that is not zero specifies the file from
which @var{length} bytes are read into the data object, starting from
@var{offset}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
data object was successfully created, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{dh} and exactly one of @var{filename} and @var{fp} is not a valid
pointer, and @code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if not enough memory is available.
@end deftypefun
@node File Based Data Buffers
@subsection File Based Data Buffers
File based data objects operate directly on file descriptors or
streams. Only a small amount of data is stored in core at any time,
so the size of the data objects is not limited by @acronym{GPGME}.
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_data_new_from_fd (@w{gpgme_data_t *@var{dh}}, @w{int @var{fd}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_new_from_fd} creates a new
@code{gpgme_data_t} object and uses the file descriptor @var{fd} to read
from (if used as an input data object) and write to (if used as an
output data object).
When using the data object as an input buffer, the function might read
a bit more from the file descriptor than is actually needed by the
crypto engine in the desired operation because of internal buffering.
Note that GPGME assumes that the file descriptor is set to blocking
mode. Errors during I/O operations, except for EINTR, are usually
fatal for crypto operations.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
data object was successfully created, and @code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if not
enough memory is available.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_data_new_from_stream (@w{gpgme_data_t *@var{dh}}, @w{FILE *@var{stream}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_new_from_stream} creates a new
@code{gpgme_data_t} object and uses the I/O stream @var{stream} to read
from (if used as an input data object) and write to (if used as an
output data object).
When using the data object as an input buffer, the function might read
a bit more from the stream than is actually needed by the crypto
engine in the desired operation because of internal buffering.
Note that GPGME assumes that the stream is in blocking mode. Errors
during I/O operations, except for EINTR, are usually fatal for crypto
operations.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
data object was successfully created, and @code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if not
enough memory is available.
@end deftypefun
@node Callback Based Data Buffers
@subsection Callback Based Data Buffers
If neither memory nor file based data objects are a good fit for your
application, you can implement the functions a data object provides
yourself and create a data object from these callback functions.
@deftp {Data type} {ssize_t (*gpgme_data_read_cb_t) (@w{void *@var{handle}}, @w{void @var{*buffer}}, @w{size_t @var{size}})}
@tindex gpgme_data_read_cb_t
The @code{gpgme_data_read_cb_t} type is the type of functions which
@acronym{GPGME} calls if it wants to read data from a user-implemented
data object. The function should read up to @var{size} bytes from the
current read position into the space starting at @var{buffer}. The
@var{handle} is provided by the user at data object creation time.
Note that GPGME assumes that the read blocks until data is available.
Errors during I/O operations, except for EINTR, are usually fatal for
crypto operations.
The function should return the number of bytes read, 0 on EOF, and -1
on error. If an error occurs, @var{errno} should be set to describe
the type of the error.
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {ssize_t (*gpgme_data_write_cb_t) (@w{void *@var{handle}}, @w{const void @var{*buffer}}, @w{size_t @var{size}})}
@tindex gpgme_data_write_cb_t
The @code{gpgme_data_write_cb_t} type is the type of functions which
@acronym{GPGME} calls if it wants to write data to a user-implemented
data object. The function should write up to @var{size} bytes to the
current write position from the space starting at @var{buffer}. The
@var{handle} is provided by the user at data object creation time.
Note that GPGME assumes that the write blocks until data is available.
Errors during I/O operations, except for EINTR, are usually fatal for
crypto operations.
The function should return the number of bytes written, and -1 on
error. If an error occurs, @var{errno} should be set to describe the
type of the error.
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {off_t (*gpgme_data_seek_cb_t) (@w{void *@var{handle}}, @w{off_t @var{offset}}, @w{int @var{whence}})}
@tindex gpgme_data_seek_cb_t
The @code{gpgme_data_seek_cb_t} type is the type of functions which
@acronym{GPGME} calls if it wants to change the current read/write
position in a user-implemented data object, just like the @code{lseek}
function.
The function should return the new read/write position, and -1 on
error. If an error occurs, @var{errno} should be set to describe the
type of the error.
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {void (*gpgme_data_release_cb_t) (@w{void *@var{handle}})}
@tindex gpgme_data_release_cb_t
The @code{gpgme_data_release_cb_t} type is the type of functions which
@acronym{GPGME} calls if it wants to destroy a user-implemented data
object. The @var{handle} is provided by the user at data object
creation time.
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {struct gpgme_data_cbs}
This structure is used to store the data callback interface functions
described above. It has the following members:
@table @code
@item gpgme_data_read_cb_t read
This is the function called by @acronym{GPGME} to read data from the
data object. It is only required for input data object.
@item gpgme_data_write_cb_t write
This is the function called by @acronym{GPGME} to write data to the
data object. It is only required for output data object.
@item gpgme_data_seek_cb_t seek
This is the function called by @acronym{GPGME} to change the current
read/write pointer in the data object (if available). It is optional.
@item gpgme_data_release_cb_t release
This is the function called by @acronym{GPGME} to release a data
object. It is optional.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_data_new_from_cbs (@w{gpgme_data_t *@var{dh}}, @w{gpgme_data_cbs_t @var{cbs}}, @w{void *@var{handle}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_new_from_cbs} creates a new
@code{gpgme_data_t} object and uses the user-provided callback functions
to operate on the data object.
The handle @var{handle} is passed as first argument to the callback
functions. This can be used to identify this data object.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
data object was successfully created, and @code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if not
enough memory is available.
@end deftypefun
@node Destroying Data Buffers
@section Destroying Data Buffers
@cindex data buffer, destruction
@deftypefun void gpgme_data_release (@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dh}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_release} destroys the data object with
the handle @var{dh}. It releases all associated resources that were
not provided by the user in the first place.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {char *} gpgme_data_release_and_get_mem (@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dh}}, @w{size_t *@var{length}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_release_and_get_mem} is like
@code{gpgme_data_release}, except that it returns the data buffer and
its length that was provided by the object.
The user has to release the buffer with @code{gpgme_free}. In case
the user provided the data buffer in non-copy mode, a copy will be
made for this purpose.
In case an error returns, or there is no suitable data buffer that can
be returned to the user, the function will return @code{NULL}. In any
case, the data object @var{dh} is destroyed.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun void gpgme_free (@w{void *@var{buffer}})
The function @code{gpgme_free} releases the memory returned by
@code{gpgme_data_release_and_get_mem} and
@code{gpgme_pubkey_algo_string}. It should be used instead of the
system libraries @code{free} function in case different allocators are
used by a program. This is often the case if gpgme is used under
Windows as a DLL.
@end deftypefun
@node Manipulating Data Buffers
@section Manipulating Data Buffers
@cindex data buffer, manipulation
Data buffers contain data and meta-data. The following operations can
be used to manipulate both.
@menu
* Data Buffer I/O Operations:: I/O operations on data buffers.
* Data Buffer Meta-Data:: Meta-data manipulation of data buffers.
* Data Buffer Convenience:: Convenience function for data buffers.
@end menu
@node Data Buffer I/O Operations
@subsection Data Buffer I/O Operations
@cindex data buffer, I/O operations
@cindex data buffer, read
@cindex data buffer, write
@cindex data buffer, seek
@deftypefun ssize_t gpgme_data_read (@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dh}}, @w{void *@var{buffer}}, @w{size_t @var{length}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_read} reads up to @var{length} bytes
from the data object with the handle @var{dh} into the space starting
at @var{buffer}.
If no error occurs, the actual amount read is returned. If the end of
the data object is reached, the function returns 0.
In all other cases, the function returns -1 and sets @var{errno}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun ssize_t gpgme_data_write (@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dh}}, @w{const void *@var{buffer}}, @w{size_t @var{size}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_write} writes up to @var{size} bytes
starting from @var{buffer} into the data object with the handle
@var{dh} at the current write position.
The function returns the number of bytes actually written, or -1 if an
error occurs. If an error occurs, @var{errno} is set.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun off_t gpgme_data_seek (@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dh}}, @w{off_t @var{offset}}, @w{int @var{whence}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_seek} changes the current read/write
position.
The @var{whence} argument specifies how the @var{offset} should be
interpreted. It must be one of the following symbolic constants:
@table @code
@item SEEK_SET
Specifies that @var{offset} is a count of characters from the
beginning of the data object.
@item SEEK_CUR
Specifies that @var{offset} is a count of characters from the current
file position. This count may be positive or negative.
@item SEEK_END
Specifies that @var{offset} is a count of characters from the end of
the data object. A negative count specifies a position within the
current extent of the data object; a positive count specifies a
position past the current end. If you set the position past the
current end, and actually write data, you will extend the data object
with zeros up to that position.
@end table
If successful, the function returns the resulting file position,
measured in bytes from the beginning of the data object. You can use
this feature together with @code{SEEK_CUR} to read the current
read/write position.
If the function fails, -1 is returned and @var{errno} is set.
@end deftypefun
@node Data Buffer Meta-Data
@subsection Data Buffer Meta-Data
@cindex data buffer, meta-data
@cindex data buffer, file name
@cindex data buffer, encoding
@deftypefun {char *} gpgme_data_get_file_name (@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dh}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_get_file_name} returns a pointer to a
string containing the file name associated with the data object. The
file name will be stored in the output when encrypting or signing the
data and will be returned to the user when decrypting or verifying the
output data.
If no error occurs, the string containing the file name is returned.
Otherwise, @code{NULL} will be returned.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_data_set_file_name (@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dh}}, @w{const char *@var{file_name}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_set_file_name} sets the file name
associated with the data object. The file name will be stored in the
output when encrypting or signing the data and will be returned to the
user when decrypting or verifying the output data.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{dh} is not a valid pointer and @code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if not
enough memory is available.
@end deftypefun
@deftp {Data type} {enum gpgme_data_encoding_t}
@tindex gpgme_data_encoding_t
The @code{gpgme_data_encoding_t} type specifies the encoding of a
@code{gpgme_data_t} object. For input data objects, the encoding is
useful to give the backend a hint on the type of data. For output
data objects, the encoding can specify the output data format on
certain operations. Please note that not all backends support all
encodings on all operations. The following data types are available:
@table @code
@item GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_NONE
This specifies that the encoding is not known. This is the default
for a new data object. The backend will try its best to detect the
encoding automatically.
@item GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_BINARY
This specifies that the data is encoding in binary form; i.e. there is
no special encoding.
@item GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_BASE64
This specifies that the data is encoded using the Base-64 encoding
scheme as used by @acronym{MIME} and other protocols.
@item GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_ARMOR
This specifies that the data is encoded in an armored form as used by
OpenPGP and PEM.
@item GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_MIME
This specifies that the data is encoded as a MIME part.
@item GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_URL
The data is a list of linefeed delimited URLs. This is only useful with
@code{gpgme_op_import}.
@item GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_URL0
The data is a list of binary zero delimited URLs. This is only useful
with @code{gpgme_op_import}.
@item GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_URLESC
The data is a list of linefeed delimited URLs with all control and space
characters percent escaped. This mode is is not yet implemented.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_data_encoding_t gpgme_data_get_encoding (@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dh}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_get_encoding} returns the encoding of
the data object with the handle @var{dh}. If @var{dh} is not a valid
pointer (e.g. @code{NULL}) @code{GPGME_DATA_ENCODING_NONE} is
returned.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_data_set_encoding (@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dh}, gpgme_data_encoding_t @var{enc}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_set_encoding} changes the encoding of
the data object with the handle @var{dh} to @var{enc}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {gpgme_error_t} gpgme_data_set_flag @
(@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dh}}, @
@w{const char *@var{name}}, @
@w{const char *@var{value}})
Some minor properties of the data object can be controlled with flags
set by this function. The properties are identified by the following
values for @var{name}:
@table @code
@item size-hint
The value is a decimal number with the length gpgme shall assume for
this data object. This is useful if the data is provided by callbacks
or via file descriptors but the applications knows the total size of
the data. If this is set the OpenPGP engine may use this to decide on
buffer allocation strategies and to provide a total value for its
progress information.
@end table
This function returns @code{0} on success.
@end deftypefun
@node Data Buffer Convenience
@subsection Data Buffer Convenience Functions
@cindex data buffer, convenience
@cindex type of data
@cindex identify
@deftp {Data type} {enum gpgme_data_type_t}
@tindex gpgme_data_type_t
The @code{gpgme_data_type_t} type is used to return the detected type
of the content of a data buffer.
@end deftp
@table @code
@item GPGME_DATA_TYPE_INVALID
This is returned by @code{gpgme_data_identify} if it was not possible
to identify the data. Reasons for this might be a non-seekable stream
or a memory problem. The value is 0.
@item GPGME_DATA_TYPE_UNKNOWN
The type of the data is not known.
@item GPGME_DATA_TYPE_PGP_SIGNED
The data is an OpenPGP signed message. This may be a binary
signature, a detached one or a cleartext signature.
@item GPGME_DATA_TYPE_PGP_OTHER
This is a generic OpenPGP message. In most cases this will be
encrypted data.
@item GPGME_DATA_TYPE_PGP_KEY
This is an OpenPGP key (private or public).
@item GPGME_DATA_TYPE_CMS_SIGNED
This is a CMS signed message.
@item GPGME_DATA_TYPE_CMS_ENCRYPTED
This is a CMS encrypted (enveloped data) message.
@item GPGME_DATA_TYPE_CMS_OTHER
This is used for other CMS message types.
@item GPGME_DATA_TYPE_X509_CERT
The data is a X.509 certificate
@item GPGME_DATA_TYPE_PKCS12
The data is a PKCS#12 message. This is commonly used to exchange
private keys for X.509.
@end table
@deftypefun gpgme_data_type_t gpgme_data_identify (@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dh}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_identify} returns the type of the data
with the handle @var{dh}. If it is not possible to perform the
identification, the function returns zero
(@code{GPGME_DATA_TYPE_INVALID}). Note that depending on how the data
object has been created the identification may not be possible or the
data object may change its internal state (file pointer moved). For
file or memory based data object, the state should not change.
@end deftypefun
@c
@c Chapter Contexts
@c
@node Contexts
@chapter Contexts
@cindex context
All cryptographic operations in @acronym{GPGME} are performed within a
context, which contains the internal state of the operation as well as
configuration parameters. By using several contexts you can run
several cryptographic operations in parallel, with different
configuration.
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_ctx_t}
The @code{gpgme_ctx_t} type is a handle for a @acronym{GPGME} context,
which is used to hold the configuration, status and result of
cryptographic operations.
@end deftp
@menu
* Creating Contexts:: Creating new @acronym{GPGME} contexts.
* Destroying Contexts:: Releasing @acronym{GPGME} contexts.
* Result Management:: Managing the result of crypto operations.
* Context Attributes:: Setting properties of a context.
* Key Management:: Managing keys with @acronym{GPGME}.
* Trust Item Management:: Managing trust items with @acronym{GPGME}.
* Crypto Operations:: Using a context for cryptography.
* Miscellaneous:: Miscellaneous operations
* Run Control:: Controlling how operations are run.
@end menu
@node Creating Contexts
@section Creating Contexts
@cindex context, creation
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_new (@w{gpgme_ctx_t *@var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_new} creates a new @code{gpgme_ctx_t} object
and returns a handle for it in @var{ctx}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
context was successfully created, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx} is not a valid pointer, and @code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if not
enough memory is available. Also, it returns
@code{GPG_ERR_NOT_OPERATIONAL} if @code{gpgme_check_version} was not
called to initialize GPGME, and @code{GPG_ERR_SELFTEST_FAILED} if a
selftest failed. Currently, the only selftest is for Windows MingW32
targets to see if @code{-mms-bitfields} was used (as required).
@end deftypefun
@node Destroying Contexts
@section Destroying Contexts
@cindex context, destruction
@deftypefun void gpgme_release (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_release} destroys the context with the handle
@var{ctx} and releases all associated resources.
@end deftypefun
@node Result Management
@section Result Management
@cindex context, result of operation
The detailed result of an operation is returned in operation-specific
structures such as @code{gpgme_decrypt_result_t}. The corresponding
retrieval functions such as @code{gpgme_op_decrypt_result} provide
static access to the results after an operation completes. Those
structures shall be considered read-only and an application must not
allocate such a structure on its own. The following interfaces make
it possible to detach a result structure from its associated context
and give it a lifetime beyond that of the current operation or
context.
@deftypefun void gpgme_result_ref (@w{void *@var{result}})
The function @code{gpgme_result_ref} acquires an additional reference
for the result @var{result}, which may be of any type
@code{gpgme_*_result_t}. As long as the user holds a reference, the
result structure is guaranteed to be valid and unmodified.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun void gpgme_result_unref (@w{void *@var{result}})
The function @code{gpgme_result_unref} releases a reference for the
result @var{result}. If this was the last reference, the result
structure will be destroyed and all resources associated to it will be
released.
@end deftypefun
Note that a context may hold its own references to result structures,
typically until the context is destroyed or the next operation is
started. In fact, these references are accessed through the
@code{gpgme_op_*_result} functions.
@node Context Attributes
@section Context Attributes
@cindex context, attributes
@menu
* Protocol Selection:: Selecting the protocol used by a context.
* Crypto Engine:: Configuring the crypto engine.
* Setting the Sender:: How to tell the engine the sender.
* ASCII Armor:: Requesting @acronym{ASCII} armored output.
* Text Mode:: Choosing canonical text mode.
* Offline Mode:: Choosing offline mode.
* Pinentry Mode:: Choosing the pinentry mode.
* Included Certificates:: Including a number of certificates.
* Key Listing Mode:: Selecting key listing mode.
* Passphrase Callback:: Getting the passphrase from the user.
* Progress Meter Callback:: Being informed about the progress.
* Status Message Callback:: Status messages received from gpg.
* Locale:: Setting the locale of a context.
@end menu
@node Protocol Selection
@subsection Protocol Selection
@cindex context, selecting protocol
@cindex protocol, selecting
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_set_protocol (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_protocol_t @var{proto}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_protocol} sets the protocol used within
the context @var{ctx} to @var{proto}. All crypto operations will be
performed by the crypto engine configured for that protocol.
@xref{Protocols and Engines}.
Setting the protocol with @code{gpgme_set_protocol} does not check if
the crypto engine for that protocol is available and installed
correctly. @xref{Engine Version Check}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
protocol could be set successfully, and @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{protocol} is not a valid protocol.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_protocol_t gpgme_get_protocol (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_protocol} retrieves the protocol currently
use with the context @var{ctx}.
@end deftypefun
@node Crypto Engine
@subsection Crypto Engine
@cindex context, configuring engine
@cindex engine, configuration per context
The following functions can be used to set and retrieve the
configuration of the crypto engines of a specific context. The
default can also be retrieved without any particular context.
@xref{Engine Information}. The default can also be changed globally.
@xref{Engine Configuration}.
@deftypefun gpgme_engine_info_t gpgme_ctx_get_engine_info (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_ctx_get_engine_info} returns a linked list of
engine info structures. Each info structure describes the
configuration of one configured backend, as used by the context
@var{ctx}.
The result is valid until the next invocation of
@code{gpgme_ctx_set_engine_info} for this particular context.
This function can not fail.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_ctx_set_engine_info (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_protocol_t @var{proto}}, @w{const char *@var{file_name}}, @w{const char *@var{home_dir}})
The function @code{gpgme_ctx_set_engine_info} changes the
configuration of the crypto engine implementing the protocol
@var{proto} for the context @var{ctx}.
@var{file_name} is the file name of the executable program
implementing this protocol, and @var{home_dir} is the directory name
of the configuration directory for this crypto engine. If
@var{home_dir} is @code{NULL}, the engine's default will be used.
Currently this function must be used before starting the first crypto
operation. It is unspecified if and when the changes will take effect
if the function is called after starting the first operation on the
context @var{ctx}.
This function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if
successful, or an eror code on failure.
@end deftypefun
@node Setting the Sender
@subsection How to tell the engine the sender.
@cindex context, sender
@cindex sender
@cindex From:
Some engines can make use of the sender’s address, for example to
figure out the best user id in certain trust models. For verification
and signing of mails, it is thus suggested to let the engine know the
sender ("From:") address. @acronym{GPGME} provides two functions to
accomplish that. Note that the esoteric use of multiple "From:"
addresses is not supported.
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_set_sender @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{int @var{address}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_sender} specifies the sender address for
use in sign and verify operations. @var{address} is expected to be
the ``addr-spec'' part of an address but my also be a complete mailbox
address, in which case this function extracts the ``addr-spec'' from
it. Using @code{NULL} for @var{address} clears the sender address.
The function returns 0 on success or an error code on failure. The
most likely failure is that no valid ``addr-spec'' was found in
@var{address}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun @w{const char *} gpgme_get_sender @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_sender} returns the current sender
address from the context, or NULL if none was set. The returned
value is valid as long as the @var{ctx} is valid and
@code{gpgme_set_sender} has not been called again.
@end deftypefun
@c FIXME: Unfortunately, using @acronym here breaks texi2dvi.
@node ASCII Armor
@subsection @acronym{ASCII} Armor
@cindex context, armor mode
@cindex @acronym{ASCII} armor
@cindex armor mode
@deftypefun void gpgme_set_armor (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{int @var{yes}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_armor} specifies if the output should be
@acronym{ASCII} armored. By default, output is not @acronym{ASCII}
armored.
@acronym{ASCII} armored output is disabled if @var{yes} is zero, and
enabled otherwise.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun int gpgme_get_armor (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_armor} returns 1 if the output is
@acronym{ASCII} armored, and @code{0} if it is not, or if @var{ctx} is
not a valid pointer.
@end deftypefun
@node Text Mode
@subsection Text Mode
@cindex context, text mode
@cindex text mode
@cindex canonical text mode
@deftypefun void gpgme_set_textmode (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{int @var{yes}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_textmode} specifies if canonical text mode
should be used. By default, text mode is not used.
Text mode is for example used for the RFC2015 signatures; note that
the updated RFC 3156 mandates that the mail user agent does some
preparations so that text mode is not needed anymore.
This option is only relevant to the OpenPGP crypto engine, and ignored
by all other engines.
Canonical text mode is disabled if @var{yes} is zero, and enabled
otherwise.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun int gpgme_get_textmode (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_textmode} returns 1 if canonical text
mode is enabled, and @code{0} if it is not, or if @var{ctx} is not a
valid pointer.
@end deftypefun
@node Offline Mode
@subsection Offline Mode
@cindex context, offline mode
@cindex offline mode
@deftypefun void gpgme_set_offline (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{int @var{yes}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_offline} specifies if offline mode
should be used. By default, offline mode is not used.
The offline mode specifies if dirmngr should be used to do additional
validation that might require connections to external services.
(e.g. CRL / OCSP checks).
Offline mode only affects the keylist mode @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_VALIDATE}
and is only relevant to the CMS crypto engine. Offline mode
is ignored otherwise.
This option may be extended in the future to completely disable
the use of dirmngr for any engine.
Offline mode is disabled if @var{yes} is zero, and enabled
otherwise.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun int gpgme_get_offline (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_offline} returns 1 if offline
mode is enabled, and @code{0} if it is not, or if @var{ctx} is not a
valid pointer.
@end deftypefun
@node Pinentry Mode
@subsection Pinentry Mode
@cindex context, pinentry mode
@cindex pinentry mode
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_set_pinentry_mode (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}},
@w{gpgme_pinentry_mode_t @var{mode}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_pinentry_mode} specifies the pinentry mode
to be used.
For GnuPG >= 2.1 this option is required to be set to
@code{GPGME_PINENTRY_MODE_LOOPBACK} to enable the passphrase callback
mechanism in GPGME through @code{gpgme_set_passphrase_cb}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_pinentry_mode_t gpgme_get_pinentry_mode (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_pinenty_mode} returns the
mode set for the context.
@end deftypefun
@deftp {Data type} {enum gpgme_pinentry_mode_t}
@tindex gpgme_pinentry_mode_t
The @code{gpgme_minentry_mode_t} type specifies the set of possible pinentry
modes that are supported by @acronym{GPGME} if GnuPG >= 2.1 is used.
The following modes are supported:
@table @code
@item GPGME_PINENTRY_MODE_DEFAULT
Use the default of the agent, which is ask.
@item GPGME_PINENTRY_MODE_ASK
Force the use of the Pinentry.
@item GPGME_PINENTRY_MODE_CANCEL
Emulate use of Pinentry's cancel button.
@item GPGME_PINENTRY_MODE_ERROR
Return a Pinentry error @code{No Pinentry}.
@item GPGME_PINENTRY_MODE_LOOPBACK
Redirect Pinentry queries to the caller.
This enables the use of @code{gpgme_set_passphrase_cb} whis pinentry
queries redirected to gpgme.
Note: This mode requires @code{allow-loopback-pinentry} to be enabled
in the @file{gpg-agent.conf} or an agent started with that option.
@end table
@end deftp
@node Included Certificates
@subsection Included Certificates
@cindex certificates, included
@deftypefun void gpgme_set_include_certs (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{int @var{nr_of_certs}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_include_certs} specifies how many
certificates should be included in an S/MIME signed message. By
default, only the sender's certificate is included. The possible
values of @var{nr_of_certs} are:
@table @code
@item GPGME_INCLUDE_CERTS_DEFAULT
Fall back to the default of the crypto backend. This is the default
for GPGME.
@item -2
Include all certificates except the root certificate.
@item -1
Include all certificates.
@item 0
Include no certificates.
@item 1
Include the sender's certificate only.
@item n
Include the first n certificates of the certificates path, starting
from the sender's certificate. The number @code{n} must be positive.
@end table
Values of @var{nr_of_certs} smaller than -2 are undefined.
This option is only relevant to the CMS crypto engine, and ignored by
all other engines.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun int gpgme_get_include_certs (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_include_certs} returns the number of
certificates to include into an S/MIME signed message.
@end deftypefun
@node Key Listing Mode
@subsection Key Listing Mode
@cindex key listing mode
@cindex key listing, mode of
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_set_keylist_mode (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_keylist_mode_t @var{mode}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_keylist_mode} changes the default
behaviour of the key listing functions. The value in @var{mode} is a
bitwise-or combination of one or multiple of the following bit values:
@table @code
@item GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_LOCAL
The @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_LOCAL} symbol specifies that the local
keyring should be searched for keys in the keylisting operation. This
is the default.
@item GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_EXTERN
The @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_EXTERN} symbol specifies that an external
source should be searched for keys in the keylisting operation. The
type of external source is dependant on the crypto engine used and
whether it is combined with @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_LOCAL}. For
example, it can be a remote keyserver or LDAP certificate server.
@item GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIGS
The @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIGS} symbol specifies that the key
signatures should be included in the listed keys.
@item GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIG_NOTATIONS
The @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIG_NOTATIONS} symbol specifies that the
signature notations on key signatures should be included in the listed
keys. This only works if @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIGS} is also
enabled.
@item GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_WITH_TOFU
The @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_WITH_TOFU} symbol specifies that
information pertaining to the TOFU trust model should be included in
the listed keys.
@item GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_WITH_SECRET
The @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_WITH_SECRET} returns information about
the presence of a corresponding secret key in a public key listing. A
public key listing with this mode is slower than a standard listing
but can be used instead of a second run to list the secret keys. This
is only supported for GnuPG versions >= 2.1.
@item GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_EPHEMERAL
The @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_EPHEMERAL} symbol specifies that keys
flagged as ephemeral are included in the listing.
@item GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_VALIDATE
The @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_VALIDATE} symbol specifies that the
backend should do key or certificate validation and not just get the
validity information from an internal cache. This might be an
expensive operation and is in general not useful. Currently only
implemented for the S/MIME backend and ignored for other backends.
@end table
At least one of @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_LOCAL} and
@code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_EXTERN} must be specified. For future binary
compatibility, you should get the current mode with
@code{gpgme_get_keylist_mode} and modify it by setting or clearing the
appropriate bits, and then using that calculated value in the
@code{gpgme_set_keylisting_mode} operation. This will leave all other
bits in the mode value intact (in particular those that are not used
in the current version of the library).
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
mode could be set correctly, and @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if @var{ctx}
is not a valid pointer or @var{mode} is not a valid mode.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_keylist_mode_t gpgme_get_keylist_mode (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_keylist_mode} returns the current key
listing mode of the context @var{ctx}. This value can then be
modified and used in a subsequent @code{gpgme_set_keylist_mode}
operation to only affect the desired bits (and leave all others
intact).
The function returns 0 if @var{ctx} is not a valid pointer, and the
current mode otherwise. Note that 0 is not a valid mode value.
@end deftypefun
@node Passphrase Callback
@subsection Passphrase Callback
@cindex callback, passphrase
@cindex passphrase callback
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_error_t (*gpgme_passphrase_cb_t)(void *@var{hook}, const char *@var{uid_hint}, const char *@var{passphrase_info}, @w{int @var{prev_was_bad}}, @w{int @var{fd}})}
@tindex gpgme_passphrase_cb_t
The @code{gpgme_passphrase_cb_t} type is the type of functions usable as
passphrase callback function.
The argument @var{uid_hint} might contain a string that gives an
indication for which user ID the passphrase is required. If this is
not available, or not applicable (in the case of symmetric encryption,
for example), @var{uid_hint} will be @code{NULL}.
The argument @var{passphrase_info}, if not @code{NULL}, will give
further information about the context in which the passphrase is
required. This information is engine and operation specific.
If this is the repeated attempt to get the passphrase, because
previous attempts failed, then @var{prev_was_bad} is 1, otherwise it
will be 0.
The user must write the passphrase, followed by a newline character,
to the file descriptor @var{fd}. The function @code{gpgme_io_writen}
should be used for the write operation. Note that if the user returns
0 to indicate success, the user must at least write a newline
character before returning from the callback.
If an error occurs, return the corresponding @code{gpgme_error_t}
value. You can use the error code @code{GPG_ERR_CANCELED} to abort
the operation. Otherwise, return @code{0}.
@end deftp
@deftypefun void gpgme_set_passphrase_cb (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_passphrase_cb_t @var{passfunc}}, @w{void *@var{hook_value}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_passphrase_cb} sets the function that is
used when a passphrase needs to be provided by the user to
@var{passfunc}. The function @var{passfunc} needs to implemented by
the user, and whenever it is called, it is called with its first
argument being @var{hook_value}. By default, no passphrase callback
function is set.
Not all crypto engines require this callback to retrieve the
passphrase. It is better if the engine retrieves the passphrase from
a trusted agent (a daemon process), rather than having each user to
implement their own passphrase query. Some engines do not even
support an external passphrase callback at all, in this case the error
code @code{GPG_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED} is returned.
For GnuPG >= 2.1 the pinentry mode has to be set to
@code{GPGME_PINENTRY_MODE_LOOPBACK} to enable the passphrase callback.
See @code{gpgme_set_pinentry_mode}.
The user can disable the use of a passphrase callback function by
calling @code{gpgme_set_passphrase_cb} with @var{passfunc} being
@code{NULL}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun void gpgme_get_passphrase_cb (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_passphrase_cb_t *@var{passfunc}}, @w{void **@var{hook_value}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_passphrase_cb} returns the function that
is used when a passphrase needs to be provided by the user in
@var{*passfunc}, and the first argument for this function in
@var{*hook_value}. If no passphrase callback is set, or @var{ctx} is
not a valid pointer, @code{NULL} is returned in both variables.
@var{passfunc} or @var{hook_value} can be @code{NULL}. In this case,
the corresponding value will not be returned.
@end deftypefun
@node Progress Meter Callback
@subsection Progress Meter Callback
@cindex callback, progress meter
@cindex progress meter callback
@deftp {Data type} {void (*gpgme_progress_cb_t)(void *@var{hook}, const char *@var{what}, int @var{type}, int @var{current}, int @var{total})}
@tindex gpgme_progress_cb_t
The @code{gpgme_progress_cb_t} type is the type of functions usable as
progress callback function.
The arguments are specific to the crypto engine. More information
about the progress information returned from the GnuPG engine can be
found in the GnuPG source code in the file @file{doc/DETAILS} in the
section PROGRESS.
@end deftp
@deftypefun void gpgme_set_progress_cb (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_progress_cb_t @var{progfunc}}, @w{void *@var{hook_value}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_progress_cb} sets the function that is
used when progress information about a cryptographic operation is
available. The function @var{progfunc} needs to implemented by the
user, and whenever it is called, it is called with its first argument
being @var{hook_value}. By default, no progress callback function
is set.
Setting a callback function allows an interactive program to display
progress information about a long operation to the user.
The user can disable the use of a progress callback function by
calling @code{gpgme_set_progress_cb} with @var{progfunc} being
@code{NULL}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun void gpgme_get_progress_cb (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_progress_cb_t *@var{progfunc}}, @w{void **@var{hook_value}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_progress_cb} returns the function that is
used to inform the user about the progress made in @var{*progfunc},
and the first argument for this function in @var{*hook_value}. If no
progress callback is set, or @var{ctx} is not a valid pointer,
@code{NULL} is returned in both variables.
@var{progfunc} or @var{hook_value} can be @code{NULL}. In this case,
the corresponding value will not be returned.
@end deftypefun
@node Status Message Callback
@subsection Status Message Callback
@cindex callback, status message
@cindex status message callback
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_error_t (*gpgme_status_cb_t)(void *@var{hook}, const char *@var{keyword}, const char *@var{args})}
@tindex gpgme_status_cb_t
The @code{gpgme_status_cb_t} type is the type of function usable as
a status message callback function.
The argument @var{keyword} is the name of the status message while the
@var{args} argument contains any arguments for the status message.
If an error occurs, return the corresponding @code{gpgme_error_t}
value. Otherwise, return @code{0}.
@end deftp
@deftypefun void gpgme_set_status_cb (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_status_cb_t @var{statusfunc}}, @w{void *@var{hook_value}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_status_cb} sets the function that is used when a
status message is received from gpg to @var{statusfunc}. The function
@var{statusfunc} needs to be implemented by the user, and whenever it is
called, it is called with its first argument being @var{hook_value}. By
default, no status message callback function is set.
The user can disable the use of a status message callback function by calling
@code{gpgme_set_status_cb} with @var{statusfunc} being @code{NULL}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun void gpgme_get_status_cb (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_status_cb_t *@var{statusfunc}}, @w{void **@var{hook_value}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_status_cb} returns the function that is used to
process status messages from gpg in @var{*statusfunc}, and the first argument
for this function in @var{*hook_value}. If no status message callback is set,
or @var{ctx} is not a valid pointer, @code{NULL} is returned in both
variables.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {gpgme_error_t} gpgme_set_ctx_flag @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{const char *@var{name}}, @
@w{const char *@var{value}})
Some minor properties of the context can be controlled with flags set
by this function. The properties are identified by the following
values for @var{name}:
@table @code
@item "redraw"
This flag is normally not changed by the caller because GPGME sets and
clears it automatically: The flag is cleared before an operation and
set if an operation noticed that the engine has launched a Pinentry.
A Curses based application may use this information to redraw the
screen; for example:
@example
err = gpgme_op_keylist_start (ctx, "foo@@example.org", 0);
while (!err)
@{
err = gpgme_op_keylist_next (ctx, &key);
if (err)
break;
show_key (key);
gpgme_key_release (key);
@}
if ((s = gpgme_get_ctx_flag (ctx, "redraw")) && *s)
redraw_screen ();
gpgme_release (ctx);
@end example
@item "full-status"
Using a @var{value} of "1" the status callback set by
gpgme_set_status_cb returns all status lines with the exception of
PROGRESS lines. With the default of "0" the status callback is only
called in certain situations.
@item "raw-description"
Setting the @var{value} to "1" returns human readable strings in a raw
format. For example the non breaking space characters ("~") will not
be removed from the @code{description} field of the
@code{gpgme_tofu_info_t} object.
@item "export-session-key"
Using a @var{value} of "1" specifies that the context should try to
export the symmetric session key when decrypting data. By default, or
when using an empty string or "0" for @var{value}, session keys are
not exported.
@item "override-session-key"
The string given in @var{value} is passed to the GnuPG engine to override
the session key for decryption. The format of that session key is
specific to GnuPG and can be retrieved during a decrypt operation when
the context flag "export-session-key" is enabled. Please be aware that
using this feature with GnuPG < 2.1.16 will leak the session key on
many platforms via ps(1).
@end table
This function returns @code{0} on success.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_get_ctx_flag @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{const char *@var{name}})
The value of flags settable by @code{gpgme_set_ctx_flag} can be
retrieved by this function. If @var{name} is unknown the function
returns @code{NULL}. For boolean flags an empty string is returned
for False and the string "1" is returned for True; either atoi(3) or a
test for an empty string can be used to get the boolean value.
@end deftypefun
@node Locale
@subsection Locale
@cindex locale, default
@cindex locale, of a context
A locale setting can be associated with a context. This locale is
passed to the crypto engine, and used for applications like the PIN
entry, which is displayed to the user when entering a passphrase is
required.
The default locale is used to initialize the locale setting of all
contexts created afterwards.
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_set_locale (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{int @var{category}}, @w{const char *@var{value}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_locale} sets the locale of the context
@var{ctx}, or the default locale if @var{ctx} is a null pointer.
The locale settings that should be changed are specified by
@var{category}. Supported categories are @code{LC_CTYPE},
@code{LC_MESSAGES}, and @code{LC_ALL}, which is a wildcard you can use
if you want to change all the categories at once.
The value to be used for the locale setting is @var{value}, which will
be copied to @acronym{GPGME}'s internal data structures. @var{value}
can be a null pointer, which disables setting the locale, and will
make PIN entry and other applications use their default setting, which
is usually not what you want.
Note that the settings are only used if the application runs on a text
terminal, and that the settings should fit the configuration of the
output terminal. Normally, it is sufficient to initialize the default
value at startup.
The function returns an error if not enough memory is available.
@end deftypefun
@node Key Management
@section Key Management
@cindex key management
Some of the cryptographic operations require that recipients or
signers are specified. This is always done by specifying the
respective keys that should be used for the operation. The following
section describes how such keys can be selected and manipulated.
@menu
* Key objects:: Description of the key structures.
* Listing Keys:: Browsing the list of available keys.
* Information About Keys:: Requesting detailed information about keys.
* Manipulating Keys:: Operations on keys.
* Generating Keys:: Creating new key pairs.
* Signing Keys:: Adding key signatures to public keys.
* Exporting Keys:: Retrieving key data from the key ring.
* Importing Keys:: Adding keys to the key ring.
* Deleting Keys:: Removing keys from the key ring.
* Changing Passphrases:: Change the passphrase of a key.
* Changing TOFU Data:: Changing data pertaining to TOFU.
* Advanced Key Editing:: Advanced key edit operation.
@end menu
@node Key objects
@subsection Key objects
The keys are represented in GPGME by structures which may only be read
by the application but never be allocated or changed. They are valid
as long as the key object itself is valid.
@deftp {Data type} gpgme_key_t
The @code{gpgme_key_t} type is a pointer to a key object. It has the
following members:
@table @code
@item gpgme_keylist_mode_t keylist_mode
The keylist mode that was active when the key was retrieved.
@item unsigned int revoked : 1
This is true if the key is revoked.
@item unsigned int expired : 1
This is true if the key is expired.
@item unsigned int disabled : 1
This is true if the key is disabled.
@item unsigned int invalid : 1
This is true if the key is invalid. This might have several reasons,
for a example for the S/MIME backend, it will be set during key
listings if the key could not be validated due to missing
certificates or unmatched policies.
@item unsigned int can_encrypt : 1
This is true if the key (ie one of its subkeys) can be used for
encryption.
@item unsigned int can_sign : 1
This is true if the key (ie one of its subkeys) can be used to create
data signatures.
@item unsigned int can_certify : 1
This is true if the key (ie one of its subkeys) can be used to create
key certificates.
@item unsigned int can_authenticate : 1
This is true if the key (ie one of its subkeys) can be used for
authentication.
@item unsigned int is_qualified : 1
This is true if the key can be used for qualified signatures according
to local government regulations.
@item unsigned int secret : 1
This is true if the key is a secret key. Note, that this will always
be true even if the corresponding subkey flag may be false
(offline/stub keys). This is only set if a listing of secret keys has
been requested or if @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_WITH_SECRET} is active.
@item gpgme_protocol_t protocol
This is the protocol supported by this key.
@item char *issuer_serial
If @code{protocol} is @code{GPGME_PROTOCOL_CMS}, then this is the
issuer serial.
@item char *issuer_name
If @code{protocol} is @code{GPGME_PROTOCOL_CMS}, then this is the
issuer name.
@item char *chain_id
If @code{protocol} is @code{GPGME_PROTOCOL_CMS}, then this is the
chain ID, which can be used to built the certificate chain.
@item gpgme_validity_t owner_trust
If @code{protocol} is @code{GPGME_PROTOCOL_OpenPGP}, then this is the
owner trust.
@item gpgme_subkey_t subkeys
This is a linked list with the subkeys of the key. The first subkey
in the list is the primary key and usually available.
@item gpgme_user_id_t uids
This is a linked list with the user IDs of the key. The first user ID
in the list is the main (or primary) user ID.
@item char *fpr
This field gives the fingerprint of the primary key. Note that
this is a copy of the fingerprint of the first subkey. For an
incomplete key (for example from a verification result) a subkey may
be missing but this field may be set nevertheless.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} gpgme_subkey_t
The @code{gpgme_subkey_t} type is a pointer to a subkey structure.
Subkeys are one component of a @code{gpgme_key_t} object. In fact,
subkeys are those parts that contains the real information about the
individual cryptographic keys that belong to the same key object. One
@code{gpgme_key_t} can contain several subkeys. The first subkey in
the linked list is also called the primary key.
The subkey structure has the following members:
@table @code
@item gpgme_subkey_t next
This is a pointer to the next subkey structure in the linked list, or
@code{NULL} if this is the last element.
@item unsigned int revoked : 1
This is true if the subkey is revoked.
@item unsigned int expired : 1
This is true if the subkey is expired.
@item unsigned int disabled : 1
This is true if the subkey is disabled.
@item unsigned int invalid : 1
This is true if the subkey is invalid.
@item unsigned int can_encrypt : 1
This is true if the subkey can be used for encryption.
@item unsigned int can_sign : 1
This is true if the subkey can be used to create data signatures.
@item unsigned int can_certify : 1
This is true if the subkey can be used to create key certificates.
@item unsigned int can_authenticate : 1
This is true if the subkey can be used for authentication.
@item unsigned int is_qualified : 1
This is true if the subkey can be used for qualified signatures
according to local government regulations.
@item unsigned int secret : 1
This is true if the subkey is a secret key. Note that it will be
false if the key is actually a stub key; i.e. a secret key operation
is currently not possible (offline-key). This is only set if a
listing of secret keys has been requested or if
@code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_WITH_SECRET} is active.
@item gpgme_pubkey_algo_t pubkey_algo
This is the public key algorithm supported by this subkey.
@item unsigned int length
This is the length of the subkey (in bits).
@item char *keyid
This is the key ID of the subkey in hexadecimal digits.
@item char *fpr
This is the fingerprint of the subkey in hexadecimal digits, if
available.
@item char *keygrip
The keygrip of the subkey in hex digit form or @code{NULL} if not
availabale.
@item long int timestamp
This is the creation timestamp of the subkey. This is -1 if the
timestamp is invalid, and 0 if it is not available.
@item long int expires
This is the expiration timestamp of the subkey, or 0 if the subkey
does not expire.
@item unsigned int is_cardkey : 1
True if the secret key is stored on a smart card.
@item char *card_number
The serial number of a smart card holding this key or @code{NULL}.
@item char *curve
For ECC algorithms the name of the curve.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} gpgme_user_id_t
A user ID is a component of a @code{gpgme_key_t} object. One key can
have many user IDs. The first one in the list is the main (or
primary) user ID.
The user ID structure has the following members.
@table @code
@item gpgme_user_id_t next
This is a pointer to the next user ID structure in the linked list, or
@code{NULL} if this is the last element.
@item unsigned int revoked : 1
This is true if the user ID is revoked.
@item unsigned int invalid : 1
This is true if the user ID is invalid.
@item gpgme_validity_t validity
This specifies the validity of the user ID.
@item char *uid
This is the user ID string.
@item char *name
This is the name component of @code{uid}, if available.
@item char *comment
This is the comment component of @code{uid}, if available.
@item char *email
This is the email component of @code{uid}, if available.
@item char *address;
The mail address (addr-spec from RFC-5322) of the user ID string.
This is general the same as the @code{email} part of this structure
but might be slightly different. If no mail address is available
@code{NULL} is stored.
@item gpgme_tofu_info_t tofu
If not @code{NULL} information from the TOFU database pertaining to
this user id.
@item gpgme_key_sig_t signatures
This is a linked list with the signatures on this user ID.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} gpgme_key_sig_t
The @code{gpgme_key_sig_t} type is a pointer to a key signature structure.
Key signatures are one component of a @code{gpgme_key_t} object, and
validate user IDs on the key in the OpenPGP protocol.
The signatures on a key are only available if the key was retrieved
via a listing operation with the @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIGS} mode
enabled, because it can be expensive to retrieve all signatures of a
key.
The signature notations on a key signature are only available if the
key was retrieved via a listing operation with the
@code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIG_NOTATIONS} mode enabled, because it can
be expensive to retrieve all signature notations.
The key signature structure has the following members:
@table @code
@item gpgme_key_sig_t next
This is a pointer to the next key signature structure in the linked
list, or @code{NULL} if this is the last element.
@item unsigned int revoked : 1
This is true if the key signature is a revocation signature.
@item unsigned int expired : 1
This is true if the key signature is expired.
@item unsigned int invalid : 1
This is true if the key signature is invalid.
@item unsigned int exportable : 1
This is true if the key signature is exportable.
@item gpgme_pubkey_algo_t pubkey_algo
This is the public key algorithm used to create the signature.
@item char *keyid
This is the key ID of the key (in hexadecimal digits) used to create
the signature.
@item long int timestamp
This is the creation timestamp of the key signature. This is -1 if
the timestamp is invalid, and 0 if it is not available.
@item long int expires
This is the expiration timestamp of the key signature, or 0 if the key
signature does not expire.
@item gpgme_error_t status
This is the status of the signature and has the same meaning as the
member of the same name in a @code{gpgme_signature_t} object.
@item unsigned int sig_class
This specifies the signature class of the key signature. The meaning
is specific to the crypto engine.
@item char *uid
This is the main user ID of the key used to create the signature.
@item char *name
This is the name component of @code{uid}, if available.
@item char *comment
This is the comment component of @code{uid}, if available.
@item char *email
This is the email component of @code{uid}, if available.
@item gpgme_sig_notation_t notations
This is a linked list with the notation data and policy URLs.
@end table
@end deftp
@node Listing Keys
@subsection Listing Keys
@cindex listing keys
@cindex key listing
@cindex key listing, start
@cindex key ring, list
@cindex key ring, search
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_keylist_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{pattern}}, @w{int @var{secret_only}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_keylist_start} initiates a key listing
operation inside the context @var{ctx}. It sets everything up so that
subsequent invocations of @code{gpgme_op_keylist_next} return the keys
in the list.
If @var{pattern} is @code{NULL}, all available keys are returned.
Otherwise, @var{pattern} contains an engine specific expression that
is used to limit the list to all keys matching the pattern. Note that
the total length of the pattern is restricted to an engine-specific
maximum (a couple of hundred characters are usually accepted). The
pattern should be used to restrict the search to a certain common name
or user, not to list many specific keys at once by listing their
fingerprints or key IDs.
If @var{secret_only} is not @code{0}, the list is restricted to secret
keys only.
The context will be busy until either all keys are received (and
@code{gpgme_op_keylist_next} returns @code{GPG_ERR_EOF}), or
@code{gpgme_op_keylist_end} is called to finish the operation.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx} is not a valid pointer, and passes through any errors that
are reported by the crypto engine support routines.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_keylist_ext_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{pattern}[]}, @w{int @var{secret_only}}, @w{int @var{reserved}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_keylist_ext_start} initiates an extended
key listing operation inside the context @var{ctx}. It sets
everything up so that subsequent invocations of
@code{gpgme_op_keylist_next} return the keys in the list.
If @var{pattern} or @var{*pattern} is @code{NULL}, all available keys
are returned. Otherwise, @var{pattern} is a @code{NULL} terminated
array of strings that are used to limit the list to all keys matching
at least one of the patterns verbatim. Note that the total length of
all patterns is restricted to an engine-specific maximum (the exact
limit also depends on the number of patterns and amount of quoting
required, but a couple of hundred characters are usually accepted).
Patterns should be used to restrict the search to a certain common
name or user, not to list many specific keys at once by listing their
fingerprints or key IDs.
If @var{secret_only} is not @code{0}, the list is restricted to secret
keys only.
The value of @var{reserved} must be @code{0}.
The context will be busy until either all keys are received (and
@code{gpgme_op_keylist_next} returns @code{GPG_ERR_EOF}), or
@code{gpgme_op_keylist_end} is called to finish the operation.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx} is not a valid pointer, and passes through any errors that
are reported by the crypto engine support routines.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_keylist_next (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t *@var{r_key}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_keylist_next} returns the next key in the
list created by a previous @code{gpgme_op_keylist_start} operation in
the context @var{ctx}. The key will have one reference for the user.
@xref{Manipulating Keys}.
This is the only way to get at @code{gpgme_key_t} objects in
@acronym{GPGME}.
If the last key in the list has already been returned,
@code{gpgme_op_keylist_next} returns @code{GPG_ERR_EOF}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx} or @var{r_key} is not a valid pointer, and
@code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if there is not enough memory for the operation.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_keylist_end (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_keylist_end} ends a pending key list
operation in the context @var{ctx}.
After the operation completed successfully, the result of the key
listing operation can be retrieved with
@code{gpgme_op_keylist_result}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx} is not a valid pointer, and @code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if at some
time during the operation there was not enough memory available.
@end deftypefun
The following example illustrates how all keys containing a certain
string (@code{g10code}) can be listed with their key ID and the name
and e-mail address of the main user ID:
@example
gpgme_ctx_t ctx;
gpgme_key_t key;
gpgme_error_t err = gpgme_new (&ctx);
if (!err)
@{
err = gpgme_op_keylist_start (ctx, "g10code", 0);
while (!err)
@{
err = gpgme_op_keylist_next (ctx, &key);
if (err)
break;
printf ("%s:", key->subkeys->keyid);
if (key->uids && key->uids->name)
printf (" %s", key->uids->name);
if (key->uids && key->uids->email)
printf (" <%s>", key->uids->email);
putchar ('\n');
gpgme_key_release (key);
@}
gpgme_release (ctx);
@}
if (gpg_err_code (err) != GPG_ERR_EOF)
@{
fprintf (stderr, "can not list keys: %s\n", gpgme_strerror (err));
exit (1);
@}
@end example
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_keylist_result_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store the result of a
@code{gpgme_op_keylist_*} operation. After successfully ending a key
listing operation, you can retrieve the pointer to the result with
@code{gpgme_op_keylist_result}. The structure contains the following
member:
@table @code
@item unsigned int truncated : 1
This is true if the crypto backend had to truncate the result, and
less than the desired keys could be listed.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_keylist_result_t gpgme_op_keylist_result (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_keylist_result} returns a
@code{gpgme_keylist_result_t} pointer to a structure holding the
result of a @code{gpgme_op_keylist_*} operation. The pointer is only
valid if the last operation on the context was a key listing
operation, and if this operation finished successfully. The returned
pointer is only valid until the next operation is started on the
context.
@end deftypefun
In a simple program, for which a blocking operation is acceptable, the
following function can be used to retrieve a single key.
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_get_key (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{fpr}}, @w{gpgme_key_t *@var{r_key}}, @w{int @var{secret}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_key} gets the key with the fingerprint
(or key ID) @var{fpr} from the crypto backend and return it in
@var{r_key}. If @var{secret} is true, get the secret key. The
currently active keylist mode is used to retrieve the key. The key
will have one reference for the user.
If the key is not found in the keyring, @code{gpgme_get_key} returns
the error code @code{GPG_ERR_EOF} and *@var{r_key} will be set to
@code{NULL}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx} or @var{r_key} is not a valid pointer or @var{fpr} is not a
fingerprint or key ID, @code{GPG_ERR_AMBIGUOUS_NAME} if the key ID was
not a unique specifier for a key, and @code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if at some
time during the operation there was not enough memory available.
@end deftypefun
@node Information About Keys
@subsection Information About Keys
@cindex key, information about
@cindex key, attributes
@cindex attributes, of a key
Please see the beginning of this section for more information about
@code{gpgme_key_t} objects.
@deftp {Data type} gpgme_validity_t
The @code{gpgme_validity_t} type is used to specify the validity of a user ID
in a key. The following validities are defined:
@table @code
@item GPGME_VALIDITY_UNKNOWN
The user ID is of unknown validity. The string representation of this
validity is ``?''.
@item GPGME_VALIDITY_UNDEFINED
The validity of the user ID is undefined. The string representation of this
validity is ``q''.
@item GPGME_VALIDITY_NEVER
The user ID is never valid. The string representation of this
validity is ``n''.
@item GPGME_VALIDITY_MARGINAL
The user ID is marginally valid. The string representation of this
validity is ``m''.
@item GPGME_VALIDITY_FULL
The user ID is fully valid. The string representation of this
validity is ``f''.
@item GPGME_VALIDITY_ULTIMATE
The user ID is ultimately valid. The string representation of this
validity is ``u''.
@end table
@end deftp
@node Manipulating Keys
@subsection Manipulating Keys
@cindex key, manipulation
@deftypefun void gpgme_key_ref (@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}})
The function @code{gpgme_key_ref} acquires an additional reference for
the key @var{key}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun void gpgme_key_unref (@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}})
The function @code{gpgme_key_unref} releases a reference for the key
@var{key}. If this was the last reference, the key will be destroyed
and all resources associated to it will be released.
@end deftypefun
@node Generating Keys
@subsection Generating Keys
@cindex key, creation
@cindex key ring, add
GPGME provides a set of functions to create public key pairs. Most of
these functions require the use of GnuPG 2.1 and later; for older
GnuPG versions the @code{gpgme_op_genkey} function can be used.
Existing code which wants to update to the new functions or new code
which shall supports older GnuPG versions may try the new functions
first and provide a fallback to the old function if the error code
@code{GPG_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED} is received.
@c
@c gpgme_op_createkey
@c
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_createkey @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{const char *@var{userid}}, @
@w{const char *@var{algo}}, @
@w{unsigned long @var{reserved}}, @
@w{unsigned long @var{expires}}, @
@w{gpgme_key_t @var{extrakey}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}});
The function @code{gpgme_op_createkey} generates a new key for the
procotol active in the context @var{ctx}. As of now this function
does only work for OpenPGP and requires at least version 2.1.13 of
GnuPG.
@var{userid} is commonly the mail address associated with the key.
GPGME does not require a specificy syntax but if more than a mail
address is given, RFC-822 style format is suggested. The value is
expected to be in UTF-8 encoding (i.e. no IDN encoding for mail
addresses). This is a required parameter.
@var{algo} specifies the algorithm for the new key (actually a keypair
of public and private key). For a list of supported algorithms, see
the GnuPG manual. If @var{algo} is @code{NULL} or the string
"default", the key is generated using the default algorithm of the
engine. If the string "future-default" is used the engine may use an
algorithm which is planned to be the default in a future release of
the engine; however existing implementation of the protocol may not be
able to already handle such future algorithms. For the OpenPGP
protocol, the specification of a default algorithm, without requesting
a non-default usage via @var{flags}, triggers the creation of a
primary key plus a secondary key (subkey).
@var{reserved} must be set to zero.
@var{expires} specifies the expiration time in seconds. If you supply
0, a reasonable expiration time is chosen. Use the flag
@code{GPGME_CREATE_NOEXPIRE} to create keys that do not expire. Note
that this parameter takes an unsigned long value and not a
@code{time_t} to avoid problems on systems which use a signed 32 bit
@code{time_t}. Note further that the OpenPGP protocol uses 32 bit
values for timestamps and thus can only encode dates up to the year
2106.
@var{extrakey} is currently not used and must be set to @code{NULL}.
A future version of GPGME may use this parameter to create X.509 keys.
@var{flags} can be set to the bit-wise OR of the following flags:
@table @code
@item GPGME_CREATE_SIGN
@itemx GPGME_CREATE_ENCR
@itemx GPGME_CREATE_CERT
@itemx GPGME_CREATE_AUTH
Do not create the key with the default capabilities (key usage) of the
requested algorithm but use those explicitly given by these flags:
``signing'', ``encryption'', ``certification'', or ``authentication''.
The allowed combinations depend on the algorithm.
If any of these flags are set and a default algorithm has been
selected only one key is created in the case of the OpenPGP
protocol.
@item GPGME_CREATE_NOPASSWD
Request generation of the key without password protection.
@item GPGME_CREATE_SELFSIGNED
For an X.509 key do not create a CSR but a self-signed certificate.
This has not yet been implemented.
@item GPGME_CREATE_NOSTORE
Do not store the created key in the local key database.
This has not yet been implemented.
@item GPGME_CREATE_WANTPUB
@itemx GPGME_CREATE_WANTSEC
Return the public or secret key as part of the result structure.
This has not yet been implemented.
@item GPGME_CREATE_FORCE
The engine does not allow the creation of a key with a user ID
already existing in the local key database. This flag can be used to
override this check.
@item GPGME_CREATE_NOEXPIRE
Request generation of keys that do not expire.
@end table
After the operation completed successfully, information about the
created key can be retrieved with @code{gpgme_op_genkey_result}.
The function returns zero on success, @code{GPG_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED} if
the engine does not support the command, or a bunch of other error
codes.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_createkey_start @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{const char *@var{userid}}, @
@w{const char *@var{algo}}, @
@w{unsigned long @var{reserved}}, @
@w{unsigned long @var{expires}}, @
@w{gpgme_key_t @var{extrakey}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}});
The function @code{gpgme_op_createkey_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_createkey} operation; see there for details. It must
be completed by calling @code{gpgme_wait} on the context.
@xref{Waiting For Completion}.
@end deftypefun
@c
@c gpgme_op_createsubkey
@c
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_createsubkey @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{const char *@var{algo}}, @
@w{unsigned long @var{reserved}}, @
@w{unsigned long @var{expires}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}});
The function @code{gpgme_op_createsubkey} creates and adds a new
subkey to the primary OpenPGP key given by @var{KEY}. The only
allowed protocol in @var{ctx} is @code{GPGME_PROTOCOL_OPENPGP}.
Subkeys (aka secondary keys) are a concept in the OpenPGP protocol to
bind several keys to a primary key. As of now this function requires
at least version 2.1.13 of GnuPG.
@var{key} specifies the key to operate on.
@var{algo} specifies the algorithm for the new subkey. For a list of
supported algorithms, see the GnuPG manual. If @var{algo} is
@code{NULL} or the string "default", the subkey is generated using the
default algorithm for an encryption subkey of the engine. If the
string "future-default" is used the engine may use an encryption
algorithm which is planned to be the default in a future release of
the engine; however existing implementation of the protocol may not be
able to already handle such future algorithms.
@var{reserved} must be set to zero.
@var{expires} specifies the expiration time in seconds. If you supply
0, a reasonable expiration time is chosen. Use the flag
@code{GPGME_CREATE_NOEXPIRE} to create keys that do not expire. Note
that this parameter takes an unsigned long value and not a
@code{time_t} to avoid problems on systems which use a signed 32 bit
@code{time_t}. Note further that the OpenPGP protocol uses 32 bit
values for timestamps and thus can only encode dates up to the year
2106.
@var{flags} takes the same values as described above for
@code{gpgme_op_createkey}.
After the operation completed successfully, information about the
created key can be retrieved with @code{gpgme_op_genkey_result}.
The function returns zero on success, @code{GPG_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED} if
the engine does not support the command, or a bunch of other error
codes.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_createsubkey_start @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{const char *@var{algo}}, @
@w{unsigned long @var{reserved}}, @
@w{unsigned long @var{expires}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}});
The function @code{gpgme_op_createsubkey_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_createsubkey} operation; see there for details. It must
be completed by calling @code{gpgme_wait} on the context.
@xref{Waiting For Completion}.
@end deftypefun
@c
@c gpgme_op_adduid
@c
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_adduid @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{const char *@var{userid}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}});
The function @code{gpgme_op_adduid} adds a new user ID to the OpenPGP
key given by @var{KEY}. Adding additional user IDs after key creation
is a feature of the OpenPGP protocol and thus the protocol for the
context @var{ctx} must be set to OpenPGP. As of now this function
requires at least version 2.1.13 of GnuPG.
@var{key} specifies the key to operate on.
@var{userid} is the user ID to add to the key. A user ID is commonly
the mail address to be associated with the key. GPGME does not
require a specificy syntax but if more than a mail address is given,
RFC-822 style format is suggested. The value is expected to be in
UTF-8 encoding (i.e. no IDN encoding for mail addresses). This is a
required parameter.
@var{flags} are currently not used and must be set to zero.
The function returns zero on success, @code{GPG_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED} if
the engine does not support the command, or a bunch of other error
codes.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_adduid_start @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{const char *@var{userid}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}});
The function @code{gpgme_op_adduid_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_adduid} operation; see there for details. It must
be completed by calling @code{gpgme_wait} on the context.
@xref{Waiting For Completion}.
@end deftypefun
@c
@c gpgme_op_revuid
@c
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_revuid @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{const char *@var{userid}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}});
The function @code{gpgme_op_revuid} revokes a user ID from the OpenPGP
key given by @var{KEY}. Revoking user IDs after key creation is a
feature of the OpenPGP protocol and thus the protocol for the context
@var{ctx} must be set to OpenPGP. As of now this function requires at
least version 2.1.13 of GnuPG.
@var{key} specifies the key to operate on.
@var{userid} is the user ID to be revoked from the key. The user ID
must be given verbatim because the engine does an exact and case
sensitive match. Thus the @code{uid} field from the user ID object
(@code{gpgme_user_id_t}) is to be used. This is a required parameter.
@var{flags} are currently not used and must be set to zero.
Note that the engine won't allow to revoke the last valid user ID. To
change a user ID is better to first add the new user ID, then revoke
the old one, and finally publish the key.
The function returns zero on success, @code{GPG_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED} if
the engine does not support the command, or a bunch of other error
codes.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_revuid_start @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{const char *@var{userid}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}});
The function @code{gpgme_op_revuid_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_revuid} operation; see there for details. It must
be completed by calling @code{gpgme_wait} on the context.
@xref{Waiting For Completion}.
@end deftypefun
@c
@c gpgme_op_genkey
@c
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_genkey @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{const char *@var{parms}}, @
@w{gpgme_data_t @var{public}}, @
@w{gpgme_data_t @var{secret}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_genkey} generates a new key pair in the
context @var{ctx}. The meaning of @var{public} and @var{secret}
depends on the crypto backend.
GPG does not support @var{public} and @var{secret}, they should be
@code{NULL}. GnuPG will generate a key pair and add it to the
standard key ring. The fingerprint of the generated key is available
with @code{gpgme_op_genkey_result}.
GpgSM requires @var{public} to be a writable data object. GpgSM will
generate a secret key (which will be stored by @command{gpg-agent},
and return a certificate request in @var{public}, which then needs to
be signed by the certification authority and imported before it can be
used. GpgSM does not make the fingerprint available.
The argument @var{parms} specifies parameters for the key in an string
that looks something like XML. The details about the format of
@var{parms} are specific to the crypto engine used by @var{ctx}. The
first line of the parameters must be @code{<GnupgKeyParams
format="internal">} and the last line must be
@code{</GnupgKeyParams>}. Every line in between the first and last
lines is treated as a Header: Value pair. In particular, no XML
escaping is necessary if you need to include the characters @code{<},
@code{>}, or @code{&}.
Here is an example for GnuPG as the crypto engine (all parameters of
OpenPGP key generation are documented in the GPG manual):
@example
<GnupgKeyParms format="internal">
Key-Type: default
Subkey-Type: default
Name-Real: Joe Tester
Name-Comment: with stupid passphrase
Name-Email: joe@@foo.bar
Expire-Date: 0
Passphrase: abc
</GnupgKeyParms>
@end example
Here is an example for GpgSM as the crypto engine (all parameters of
OpenPGP key generation are documented in the GPGSM manual):
@example
<GnupgKeyParms format="internal">
Key-Type: RSA
Key-Length: 1024
Name-DN: C=de,O=g10 code,OU=Testlab,CN=Joe 2 Tester
Name-Email: joe@@foo.bar
</GnupgKeyParms>
@end example
Strings should be given in UTF-8 encoding. The only format supported
for now is ``internal''. The content of the @code{GnupgKeyParms}
container is passed verbatim to the crypto backend. Control
statements are not allowed.
After the operation completed successfully, the result can be
retrieved with @code{gpgme_op_genkey_result}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation could be started successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{parms} is not a well-formed string (e.g. does not have the
expected tag-like headers and footers), @code{GPG_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED}
if @var{public} or @var{secret} is not valid, and
@code{GPG_ERR_GENERAL} if no key was created by the backend.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_genkey_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{parms}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{public}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{secret}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_genkey_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_genkey} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation could be started successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{parms} is not a valid XML string, and
@code{GPG_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED} if @var{public} or @var{secret} is not
@code{NULL}.
@end deftypefun
@c
@c gpgme_op_genkey_result
@c
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_genkey_result_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store the result of a
@code{gpgme_op_genkey} operation. After successfully generating a
key, you can retrieve the pointer to the result with
@code{gpgme_op_genkey_result}. The structure contains the following
members:
@table @code
@item unsigned int primary : 1
This flag is set to 1 if a primary key was created and to 0
if not.
@item unsigned int sub : 1
This flag is set to 1 if a subkey was created and to 0 if not.
@item unsigned int uid : 1
This flag is set to 1 if a user ID was created and to 0 if not.
@item char *fpr
This is the fingerprint of the key that was created. If both a
primary and a subkey were generated, the fingerprint of the primary
key will be returned. If the crypto engine does not provide the
fingerprint, @code{fpr} will be a null pointer.
@item gpgme_data_t pubkey
This will eventually be used to return the public key. It is
currently not used.
@item gpgme_data_t seckey
This will eventually be used to return the secret key. It is
currently not used.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_genkey_result_t gpgme_op_genkey_result (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_genkey_result} returns a
@code{gpgme_genkey_result_t} pointer to a structure holding the result of
a @code{gpgme_op_genkey} operation. The pointer is only valid if the
last operation on the context was a @code{gpgme_op_genkey} or
@code{gpgme_op_genkey_start} operation, and if this operation finished
successfully. The returned pointer is only valid until the next
operation is started on the context.
@end deftypefun
@c
@c SIGNING KEYS
@c
@node Signing Keys
@subsection Signing Keys
@cindex key, signing
Key signatures are a unique concept of the OpenPGP protocol. They can
be used to certify the validity of a key and are used to create the
Web-of-Trust (WoT). Instead of using the @code{gpgme_op_interact}
function along with a finite state machine, GPGME provides a
convenient function to create key signatures when using modern GnuPG
versions.
@c
@c gpgme_op_keysign
@c
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_keysign @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{const char *@var{userid}}, @
@w{unsigned long @var{expires}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}});
The function @code{gpgme_op_keysign} adds a new key signature to the
public key @var{KEY}. This function requires at least version 2.1.12 of
GnuPG.
@var{CTX} is the usual context which describes the protocol to use
(which must be OpenPGP) and has also the list of signer keys to be
used for the signature. The common case is to use the default key for
signing other keys. If another key or more than one key shall be used
for a key signature, @code{gpgme_signers_add} can be used.
@xref{Selecting Signers}.
@var{key} specifies the key to operate on.
@var{userid} selects the user ID or user IDs to be signed. If
@var{userid} is set to @code{NULL} all valid user IDs are signed. The
user ID must be given verbatim because the engine does an exact and
case sensitive match. Thus the @code{uid} field from the user ID
object (@code{gpgme_user_id_t}) is to be used. To select more than
one user ID put them all into one string separated by linefeeds
characters (@code{\n}) and set the flag @code{GPGME_KEYSIGN_LFSEP}.
-@var{expires} can be set to the number of seconds since Epoch of the
-desired expiration date in UTC for the new signature. The common case
-is to use 0 to not set an expiration date. However, if the
-configuration of the engine defines a default expiration for key
-signatures, that is still used unless the flag
+@var{expires} specifies the expiration time of the new signature in
+seconds. The common case is to use 0 to not set an expiration date.
+However, if the configuration of the engine defines a default
+expiration for key signatures, that is still used unless the flag
@code{GPGME_KEYSIGN_NOEXPIRE} is used. Note that this parameter takes
an unsigned long value and not a @code{time_t} to avoid problems on
systems which use a signed 32 bit @code{time_t}. Note further that
the OpenPGP protocol uses 32 bit values for timestamps and thus can
only encode dates up to the year 2106.
@var{flags} can be set to the bit-wise OR of the following flags:
@table @code
@item GPGME_KEYSIGN_LOCAL
Instead of creating an exportable key signature, create a key
signature which is is marked as non-exportable.
@item GPGME_KEYSIGN_LFSEP
Although linefeeds are uncommon in user IDs this flag is required to
explicitly declare that @var{userid} may contain several linefeed
separated user IDs.
@item GPGME_KEYSIGN_NOEXPIRE
Force the creation of a key signature without an expiration date. This
overrides @var{expire} and any local configuration of the engine.
@end table
The function returns zero on success, @code{GPG_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED} if
the engine does not support the command, or a bunch of other error
codes.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_keysign_start @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{const char *@var{userid}}, @
@w{unsigned long @var{expires}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}});
The function @code{gpgme_op_keysign_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_keysign} operation; see there for details. It must
be completed by calling @code{gpgme_wait} on the context.
@xref{Waiting For Completion}.
@end deftypefun
@c
@c EXPORTING KEYS
@c
@node Exporting Keys
@subsection Exporting Keys
@cindex key, export
@cindex key ring, export from
Exporting keys means the same as running @command{gpg} with the command
@option{--export}. However, a mode flag can be used to change the way
the export works. The available mode flags are described below, they
may be or-ed together.
@table @code
@item GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_EXTERN
If this bit is set, the output is send directly to the default
keyserver. This is currently only allowed for OpenPGP keys. It is good
practise to not send more than a few dozens key to a keyserver at one
time. Using this flag requires that the @var{keydata} argument of the
export function is set to @code{NULL}.
@item GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_MINIMAL
If this bit is set, the smallest possible key is exported. For OpenPGP
keys it removes all signatures except for the latest self-signatures.
For X.509 keys it has no effect.
@item GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_SECRET
Instead of exporting the public key, the secret key is exported. This
may not be combined with @code{GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_EXTERN}. For X.509
the export format is PKCS#8.
@item GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_RAW
If this flag is used with @code{GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_SECRET} for an X.509
key the export format will be changed to PKCS#1. This flag may not be
used with OpenPGP.
@item GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_PKCS12
If this flag is used with @code{GPGME_EXPORT_MODE_SECRET} for an X.509
key the export format will be changed to PKCS#12 which also includes
the certificate. This flag may not be used with OpenPGP.
@end table
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_export (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{pattern}}, @w{gpgme_export_mode_t @var{mode}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{keydata}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_export} extracts public keys and returns
them in the data buffer @var{keydata}. The output format of the key
data returned is determined by the @acronym{ASCII} armor attribute set
for the context @var{ctx}, or, if that is not set, by the encoding
specified for @var{keydata}.
If @var{pattern} is @code{NULL}, all available keys are returned.
Otherwise, @var{pattern} contains an engine specific expression that
is used to limit the list to all keys matching the pattern.
@var{mode} is usually 0; other values are described above.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation completed successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{keydata} is not a valid empty data buffer, and passes through any
errors that are reported by the crypto engine support routines.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_export_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{pattern}}, @w{gpgme_export_mode_t @var{mode}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{keydata}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_export_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_export} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation could be started successfully, and @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE}
if @var{keydata} is not a valid empty data buffer.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_export_ext (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{pattern}[]}, @w{gpgme_export_mode_t @var{mode}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{keydata}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_export} extracts public keys and returns
them in the data buffer @var{keydata}. The output format of the key
data returned is determined by the @acronym{ASCII} armor attribute set
for the context @var{ctx}, or, if that is not set, by the encoding
specified for @var{keydata}.
If @var{pattern} or @var{*pattern} is @code{NULL}, all available keys
are returned. Otherwise, @var{pattern} is a @code{NULL} terminated
array of strings that are used to limit the list to all keys matching
at least one of the patterns verbatim.
@var{mode} is usually 0; other values are described above.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation completed successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{keydata} is not a valid empty data buffer, and passes through any
errors that are reported by the crypto engine support routines.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_export_ext_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{pattern}[]}, @w{gpgme_export_mode_t @var{mode}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{keydata}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_export_ext_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_export_ext} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation could be started successfully, and @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE}
if @var{keydata} is not a valid empty data buffer.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_export_keys (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t keys[]}, @w{gpgme_export_mode_t @var{mode}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{keydata}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_export_keys} extracts public keys and returns
them in the data buffer @var{keydata}. The output format of the key
data returned is determined by the @acronym{ASCII} armor attribute set
for the context @var{ctx}, or, if that is not set, by the encoding
specified for @var{keydata}.
The keys to export are taken form the @code{NULL} terminated array
@var{keys}. Only keys of the currently selected protocol of
@var{ctx} which do have a fingerprint set are considered for export.
Other keys specified by the @var{keys} are ignored. In particular
OpenPGP keys retrieved via an external key listing are not included.
@var{mode} is usually 0; other values are described above.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation completed successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{keydata} is not a valid empty data buffer, @code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA}
if no useful keys are in @var{keys} and passes through any errors that
are reported by the crypto engine support routines.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_export_keys_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t @var{keys}[]}, @w{gpgme_export_mode_t @var{mode}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{keydata}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_export_keys_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_export_ext} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation could be started successfully, and @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE}
if @var{keydata} is not a valid empty data buffer, @code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA}
if no useful keys are in @var{keys} and passes through any errors that
are reported by the crypto engine support routines.
@end deftypefun
@node Importing Keys
@subsection Importing Keys
@cindex key, import
@cindex key ring, import to
Importing keys means the same as running @command{gpg} with the command
@option{--import}.
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_import (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{keydata}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_import} adds the keys in the data buffer
@var{keydata} to the key ring of the crypto engine used by @var{ctx}.
The format of @var{keydata} can be @acronym{ASCII} armored, for example,
but the details are specific to the crypto engine.
After the operation completed successfully, the result can be
retrieved with @code{gpgme_op_import_result}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
import was completed successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{keydata} if @var{ctx} or @var{keydata} is not a valid pointer,
and @code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA} if @var{keydata} is an empty data buffer.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_import_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{keydata}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_import_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_import} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
import could be started successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{keydata} if @var{ctx} or @var{keydata} is not a valid pointer,
and @code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA} if @var{keydata} is an empty data buffer.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_import_keys (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t *@var{keys}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_import_keys} adds the keys described by the
@code{NULL} terminated array @var{keys} to the key ring of the crypto
engine used by @var{ctx}. This function is the general interface to
move a key from one crypto engine to another as long as they are
compatible. In particular it is used to actually import and make keys
permanent which have been retrieved from an external source (i.e. using
@code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_EXTERN}). @footnote{Thus it is a replacement
for the usual workaround of exporting and then importing a key to make
an X.509 key permanent.}
Only keys of the currently selected protocol of @var{ctx} are
considered for import. Other keys specified by the @var{keys} are
ignored. As of now all considered keys must have been retrieved using
the same method, that is the used key listing mode must be identical.
After the operation completed successfully, the result can be
retrieved with @code{gpgme_op_import_result}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
import was completed successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{keydata} if @var{ctx} or @var{keydata} is not a valid pointer,
@code{GPG_ERR_CONFLICT} if the key listing mode does not match, and
@code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA} if no keys are considered for export.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_import_keys_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t *@var{keys}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_import_keys_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_import_keys} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
import was completed successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{keydata} if @var{ctx} or @var{keydata} is not a valid pointer,
@code{GPG_ERR_CONFLICT} if the key listing mode does not match, and
@code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA} if no keys are considered for export.
@end deftypefun
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_import_status_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store a part of the result of
a @code{gpgme_op_import} operation. For each considered key one
status is added that contains information about the result of the
import. The structure contains the following members:
@table @code
@item gpgme_import_status_t next
This is a pointer to the next status structure in the linked list, or
@code{NULL} if this is the last element.
@item char *fpr
This is the fingerprint of the key that was considered.
@item gpgme_error_t result
If the import was not successful, this is the error value that caused
the import to fail. Otherwise the error code is
@code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR}.
@item unsigned int status
This is a bit-wise OR of the following flags that give more
information about what part of the key was imported. If the key was
already known, this might be 0.
@table @code
@item GPGME_IMPORT_NEW
The key was new.
@item GPGME_IMPORT_UID
The key contained new user IDs.
@item GPGME_IMPORT_SIG
The key contained new signatures.
@item GPGME_IMPORT_SUBKEY
The key contained new sub keys.
@item GPGME_IMPORT_SECRET
The key contained a secret key.
@end table
@end table
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_import_result_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store the result of a
@code{gpgme_op_import} operation. After a successful import
operation, you can retrieve the pointer to the result with
@code{gpgme_op_import_result}. The structure contains the following
members:
@table @code
@item int considered
The total number of considered keys.
@item int no_user_id
The number of keys without user ID.
@item int imported
The total number of imported keys.
@item int imported_rsa
The number of imported RSA keys.
@item int unchanged
The number of unchanged keys.
@item int new_user_ids
The number of new user IDs.
@item int new_sub_keys
The number of new sub keys.
@item int new_signatures
The number of new signatures.
@item int new_revocations
The number of new revocations.
@item int secret_read
The total number of secret keys read.
@item int secret_imported
The number of imported secret keys.
@item int secret_unchanged
The number of unchanged secret keys.
@item int not_imported
The number of keys not imported.
@item gpgme_import_status_t imports
A list of gpgme_import_status_t objects which contain more information
about the keys for which an import was attempted.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_import_result_t gpgme_op_import_result (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_import_result} returns a
@code{gpgme_import_result_t} pointer to a structure holding the result
of a @code{gpgme_op_import} operation. The pointer is only valid if
the last operation on the context was a @code{gpgme_op_import} or
@code{gpgme_op_import_start} operation, and if this operation finished
successfully. The returned pointer is only valid until the next
operation is started on the context.
@end deftypefun
@node Deleting Keys
@subsection Deleting Keys
@cindex key, delete
@cindex key ring, delete from
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_delete (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @w{int @var{allow_secret}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_delete} deletes the key @var{key} from the
key ring of the crypto engine used by @var{ctx}. If
@var{allow_secret} is @code{0}, only public keys are deleted,
otherwise secret keys are deleted as well, if that is supported.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the key
was deleted successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if @var{ctx} or
@var{key} is not a valid pointer, @code{GPG_ERR_NO_PUBKEY} if
@var{key} could not be found in the keyring,
@code{GPG_ERR_AMBIGUOUS_NAME} if the key was not specified
unambiguously, and @code{GPG_ERR_CONFLICT} if the secret key for
@var{key} is available, but @var{allow_secret} is zero.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_delete_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @w{int @var{allow_secret}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_delete_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_delete} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation was started successfully, and @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx} or @var{key} is not a valid pointer.
@end deftypefun
@node Changing Passphrases
@subsection Changing Passphrases
@cindex passphrase, change
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_passwd @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{const gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_passwd} changes the passphrase of the
private key associated with @var{key}. The only allowed value for
@var{flags} is @code{0}. The backend engine will usually popup a window
to ask for the old and the new passphrase. Thus this function is not
useful in a server application (where passphrases are not required
anyway).
Note that old @code{gpg} engines (before version 2.0.15) do not support
this command and will silently ignore it.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_passwd_start @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{const gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_passwd_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_passwd} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns @code{0} if the operation was started successfully,
and an error code if one of the arguments is not valid or the oepration
could not be started.
@end deftypefun
@c
@c CHANGING TOFU DATA
@c
@node Changing TOFU Data
@subsection Changing TOFU Data
@cindex validity, TOFU
The OpenPGP engine features a Trust-On-First-Use (TOFU) key validation
model. For resolving clonflics it is necessary to declare the policy
for a key. See the GnuPG manual for details on the TOFU
implementation.
@deftp {Data type} {enum gpgme_tofu_policy_t}
@tindex gpgme_tofu_policy_t
The @code{gpgme_tofu_policy_t} type specifies the set of possible
policy values that are supported by @acronym{GPGME}:
@table @code
@item GPGME_TOFU_POLICY_AUTO
Set the policy to ``auto''.
@item GPGME_TOFU_POLICY_GOOD
Set the policy to ``goog''.
@item GPGME_TOFU_POLICY_BAD
Set the policy to ``bad''.
@item GPGME_TOFU_POLICY_ASK
Set the policy to ``ask''.
@item GPGME_TOFU_POLICY_UNKNOWN
Set the policy to ``unknown''.
@end table
@end deftp
To change the policy for a key the following functions can be used:
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_tofu_policy @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{const gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{gpgme_tofu_policy_t @var{policy}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_tofu_policy} changes the TOFU policy of
@var{key}. The valid values for @var{policy} are listed above. As of
now this function does only work for OpenPGP and requires at least
version 2.1.10 of GnuPG.
The function returns zero on success, @code{GPG_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED} if
the engine does not support the command, or a bunch of other error
codes.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_tofu_policy_start @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{const gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{gpgme_tofu_policy_t @var{policy}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_tofu_policy_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_tofu_policy} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns @code{0} if the operation was started successfully,
and an error code if one of the arguments is not valid or the oepration
could not be started.
@end deftypefun
@node Advanced Key Editing
@subsection Advanced Key Editing
@cindex key, edit
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_error_t (*gpgme_interact_cb_t) @
(@w{void *@var{handle}}, @
@w{const char *@var{status}}, @
@w{const char *@var{args}}, @
@w{int @var{fd}})}
@tindex gpgme_interact_cb_t
The @code{gpgme_interact_cb_t} type is the type of functions which
@acronym{GPGME} calls if it a key interact operation is on-going. The
status keyword @var{status} and the argument line @var{args} are
passed through by @acronym{GPGME} from the crypto engine. An empty
string represents EOF. The file descriptor @var{fd} is -1 for normal
status messages. If @var{status} indicates a command rather than a
status message, the response to the command should be written to
@var{fd}. The @var{handle} is provided by the user at start of
operation.
The function should return @code{GPG_ERR_FALSE} if it did not handle
the status code, @code{0} for success, or any other error value.
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_interact (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}}, @
@w{gpgme_interact_cb_t @var{fnc}}, @
@w{void *@var{handle}}, @
@w{gpgme_data_t @var{out}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_interact} processes the key @var{KEY}
interactively, using the interact callback function @var{FNC} with the
handle @var{HANDLE}. The callback is invoked for every status and
command request from the crypto engine. The output of the crypto
engine is written to the data object @var{out}.
Note that the protocol between the callback function and the crypto
engine is specific to the crypto engine and no further support in
implementing this protocol correctly is provided by @acronym{GPGME}.
@var{flags} modifies the behaviour of the function; the only defined
bit value is:
@table @code
@item GPGME_INTERACT_CARD
This is used for smartcard based keys and uses gpg’s
@code{--card-edit} command.
@end table
The function returns @code{0} if the edit operation completes
successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if @var{ctx} or @var{key} is
not a valid pointer, and any error returned by the crypto engine or
the edit callback handler.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_interact_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}}, @
@w{gpgme_interact_cb_t @var{fnc}}, @
@w{void *@var{handle}}, @
@w{gpgme_data_t @var{out}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_interact_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_interact} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns @code{0} if the operation was started
successfully, and @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if @var{ctx} or @var{key}
is not a valid pointer.
@end deftypefun
@node Trust Item Management
@section Trust Item Management
@cindex trust item
@strong{Caution:} The trust items interface is experimental.
@deftp {Data type} gpgme_trust_item_t
The @code{gpgme_trust_item_t} type is a pointer to a trust item object.
It has the following members:
@table @code
@item char *keyid
This is a string describing the key to which this trust items belongs.
@item int type
This is the type of the trust item. A value of 1 refers to a key, a
value of 2 refers to a user ID.
@item int level
This is the trust level.
@item char *owner_trust
The owner trust if @code{type} is 1.
@item char *validity
The calculated validity.
@item char *name
The user name if @code{type} is 2.
@end table
@end deftp
@menu
* Listing Trust Items:: Browsing the list of available trust items.
* Manipulating Trust Items:: Operations on trust items.
@end menu
@node Listing Trust Items
@subsection Listing Trust Items
@cindex trust item list
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_trustlist_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{pattern}}, @w{int @var{max_level}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_trustlist_start} initiates a trust item
listing operation inside the context @var{ctx}. It sets everything up
so that subsequent invocations of @code{gpgme_op_trustlist_next} return
the trust items in the list.
The string @var{pattern} contains an engine specific expression that
is used to limit the list to all trust items matching the pattern. It
can not be the empty string.
The argument @var{max_level} is currently ignored.
The context will be busy until either all trust items are received
(and @code{gpgme_op_trustlist_next} returns @code{GPG_ERR_EOF}), or
@code{gpgme_op_trustlist_end} is called to finish the operation.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx} is not a valid pointer, and passes through any errors that
are reported by the crypto engine support routines.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_trustlist_next (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_trust_item_t *@var{r_item}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_trustlist_next} returns the next trust
item in the list created by a previous @code{gpgme_op_trustlist_start}
operation in the context @var{ctx}. The trust item can be destroyed
with @code{gpgme_trust_item_release}. @xref{Manipulating Trust Items}.
This is the only way to get at @code{gpgme_trust_item_t} objects in
@acronym{GPGME}.
If the last trust item in the list has already been returned,
@code{gpgme_op_trustlist_next} returns @code{GPG_ERR_EOF}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if @var{ctx} or
@var{r_item} is not a valid pointer, and @code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if
there is not enough memory for the operation.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_trustlist_end (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_trustlist_end} ends a pending trust list
operation in the context @var{ctx}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx} is not a valid pointer, and @code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if at some
time during the operation there was not enough memory available.
@end deftypefun
@node Manipulating Trust Items
@subsection Manipulating Trust Items
@cindex trust item, manipulation
@deftypefun void gpgme_trust_item_ref (@w{gpgme_trust_item_t @var{item}})
The function @code{gpgme_trust_item_ref} acquires an additional
reference for the trust item @var{item}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun void gpgme_trust_item_unref (@w{gpgme_trust_item_t @var{item}})
The function @code{gpgme_trust_item_unref} releases a reference for
the trust item @var{item}. If this was the last reference, the trust
item will be destroyed and all resources associated to it will be
released.
@end deftypefun
@node Crypto Operations
@section Crypto Operations
@cindex cryptographic operation
Sometimes, the result of a crypto operation returns a list of invalid
keys encountered in processing the request. The following structure
is used to hold information about such a key.
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_invalid_key_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store a part of the result of
a crypto operation which takes user IDs as one input parameter. The
structure contains the following members:
@table @code
@item gpgme_invalid_key_t next
This is a pointer to the next invalid key structure in the linked
list, or @code{NULL} if this is the last element.
@item char *fpr
The fingerprint or key ID of the invalid key encountered.
@item gpgme_error_t reason
An error code describing the reason why the key was found invalid.
@end table
@end deftp
@menu
* Decrypt:: Decrypting a ciphertext.
* Verify:: Verifying a signature.
* Decrypt and Verify:: Decrypting a signed ciphertext.
* Sign:: Creating a signature.
* Encrypt:: Encrypting a plaintext.
@end menu
@node Decrypt
@subsection Decrypt
@cindex decryption
@cindex cryptographic operation, decryption
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_decrypt (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{cipher}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{plain}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_decrypt} decrypts the ciphertext in the
data object @var{cipher} and stores it into the data object
@var{plain}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
ciphertext could be decrypted successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE}
if @var{ctx}, @var{cipher} or @var{plain} is not a valid pointer,
@code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA} if @var{cipher} does not contain any data to
decrypt, @code{GPG_ERR_DECRYPT_FAILED} if @var{cipher} is not a valid
cipher text, @code{GPG_ERR_BAD_PASSPHRASE} if the passphrase for the
secret key could not be retrieved, and passes through any errors that
are reported by the crypto engine support routines.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_decrypt_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{cipher}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{plain}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_decrypt_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_decrypt} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation could be started successfully, and @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE}
if @var{cipher} or @var{plain} is not a valid pointer.
@end deftypefun
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_recipient_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store information about the
recipient of an encrypted text which is decrypted in a
@code{gpgme_op_decrypt} operation. This information (except for the
status field) is even available before the operation finished
successfully, for example in a passphrase callback. The structure
contains the following members:
@table @code
@item gpgme_recipient_t next
This is a pointer to the next recipient structure in the linked list,
or @code{NULL} if this is the last element.
@item gpgme_pubkey_algo_t
The public key algorithm used in the encryption.
@item char *keyid
This is the key ID of the key (in hexadecimal digits) used as
recipient.
@item gpgme_error_t status
This is an error number with the error code GPG_ERR_NO_SECKEY if the
secret key for this recipient is not available, and 0 otherwise.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_decrypt_result_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store the result of a
@code{gpgme_op_decrypt} operation. After successfully decrypting
data, you can retrieve the pointer to the result with
@code{gpgme_op_decrypt_result}. As with all result structures, it
this structure shall be considered read-only and an application must
not allocated such a strucure on its own. The structure contains the
following members:
@table @code
@item char *unsupported_algorithm
If an unsupported algorithm was encountered, this string describes the
algorithm that is not supported.
@item unsigned int wrong_key_usage : 1
This is true if the key was not used according to its policy.
@item gpgme_recipient_t recipients
This is a linked list of recipients to which this message was encrypted.
@item char *file_name
This is the filename of the original plaintext message file if it is
known, otherwise this is a null pointer.
@item char *session_key
A textual representation (nul-terminated string) of the session key
used in symmetric encryption of the message, if the context has been
set to export session keys (see @code{gpgme_set_ctx_flag,
"export-session-key"}), and a session key was available for the most
recent decryption operation. Otherwise, this is a null pointer.
You must not try to access this member of the struct unless
@code{gpgme_set_ctx_flag (ctx, "export-session-key")} returns success
or @code{gpgme_get_ctx_flag (ctx, "export-session-key")} returns true
(non-empty string).
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_decrypt_result_t gpgme_op_decrypt_result (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_decrypt_result} returns a
@code{gpgme_decrypt_result_t} pointer to a structure holding the
result of a @code{gpgme_op_decrypt} operation. The pointer is only
valid if the last operation on the context was a
@code{gpgme_op_decrypt} or @code{gpgme_op_decrypt_start} operation.
If the operation failed this might be a @code{NULL} pointer. The
returned pointer is only valid until the next operation is started on
the context.
@end deftypefun
@node Verify
@subsection Verify
@cindex verification
@cindex signature, verification
@cindex cryptographic operation, verification
@cindex cryptographic operation, signature check
@cindex signature notation data
@cindex notation data
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_verify (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{sig}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{signed_text}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{plain}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_verify} verifies that the signature in the
data object @var{sig} is a valid signature. If @var{sig} is a
detached signature, then the signed text should be provided in
@var{signed_text} and @var{plain} should be a null pointer.
Otherwise, if @var{sig} is a normal (or cleartext) signature,
@var{signed_text} should be a null pointer and @var{plain} should be a
writable data object that will contain the plaintext after successful
verification.
The results of the individual signature verifications can be retrieved
with @code{gpgme_op_verify_result}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation could be completed successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx}, @var{sig} or @var{plain} is not a valid pointer,
@code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA} if @var{sig} does not contain any data to
verify, and passes through any errors that are reported by the crypto
engine support routines.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_verify_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{sig}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{signed_text}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{plain}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_verify_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_verify} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation could be started successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx}, @var{sig} or @var{plain} is not a valid pointer, and
@code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA} if @var{sig} or @var{plain} does not contain
any data to verify.
@end deftypefun
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_sig_notation_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store a part of the result of
a @code{gpgme_op_verify} operation. The structure contains the
following members:
@table @code
@item gpgme_sig_notation_t next
This is a pointer to the next new signature notation structure in the
linked list, or @code{NULL} if this is the last element.
@item char *name
The name of the notation field. If this is @code{NULL}, then the
member @code{value} will contain a policy URL.
@item int name_len
The length of the @code{name} field. For strings the length is
counted without the trailing binary zero.
@item char *value
The value of the notation field. If @code{name} is @code{NULL}, then
this is a policy URL.
@item int value_len
The length of the @code{value} field. For strings the length is
counted without the trailing binary zero.
@item gpgme_sig_notation_flags_t flags
The accumulated flags field. This field contains the flags associated
with the notation data in an accumulated form which can be used as an
argument to the function @code{gpgme_sig_notation_add}. The value
@code{flags} is a bitwise-or combination of one or multiple of the
following bit values:
@table @code
@item GPGME_SIG_NOTATION_HUMAN_READABLE
The @code{GPGME_SIG_NOTATION_HUMAN_READABLE} symbol specifies that the
notation data is in human readable form
@item GPGME_SIG_NOTATION_CRITICAL
The @code{GPGME_SIG_NOTATION_CRITICAL} symbol specifies that the
notation data is critical.
@end table
@item unsigned int human_readable : 1
This is true if the @code{GPGME_SIG_NOTATION_HUMAN_READABLE} flag is
set and false otherwise. This flag is only valid for notation data,
not for policy URLs.
@item unsigned int critical : 1
This is true if the @code{GPGME_SIG_NOTATION_CRITICAL} flag is set and
false otherwise. This flag is valid for notation data and policy URLs.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_signature_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store a part of the result of
a @code{gpgme_op_verify} operation. The structure contains the
following members:
@table @code
@item gpgme_signature_t next
This is a pointer to the next new signature structure in the linked
list, or @code{NULL} if this is the last element.
@item gpgme_sigsum_t summary
This is a bit vector giving a summary of the signature status. It
provides an easy interface to a defined semantic of the signature
status. Checking just one bit is sufficient to see whether a
signature is valid without any restrictions. This means that
you can check for GPGME_SIGSUM_VALID like this:
@example
if ((sig.summary & GPGME_SIGSUM_VALID))
@{
..do stuff if valid..
@}
else
@{
..do stuff if not fully valid..
@}
@end example
The defined bits are:
@table @code
@item GPGME_SIGSUM_VALID
The signature is fully valid.
@item GPGME_SIGSUM_GREEN
The signature is good but one might want to display some extra
information. Check the other bits.
@item GPGME_SIGSUM_RED
The signature is bad. It might be useful to check other bits and
display more information, i.e. a revoked certificate might not render a
signature invalid when the message was received prior to the cause for
the revocation.
@item GPGME_SIGSUM_KEY_REVOKED
The key or at least one certificate has been revoked.
@item GPGME_SIGSUM_KEY_EXPIRED
The key or one of the certificates has expired. It is probably a good
idea to display the date of the expiration.
@item GPGME_SIGSUM_SIG_EXPIRED
The signature has expired.
@item GPGME_SIGSUM_KEY_MISSING
Can't verify due to a missing key or certificate.
@item GPGME_SIGSUM_CRL_MISSING
The CRL (or an equivalent mechanism) is not available.
@item GPGME_SIGSUM_CRL_TOO_OLD
Available CRL is too old.
@item GPGME_SIGSUM_BAD_POLICY
A policy requirement was not met.
@item GPGME_SIGSUM_SYS_ERROR
A system error occured.
@end table
@item char *fpr
This is the fingerprint or key ID of the signature.
@item gpgme_error_t status
This is the status of the signature. In particular, the following
status codes are of interest:
@table @code
@item GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR
This status indicates that the signature is valid. For the combined
result this status means that all signatures are valid.
@item GPG_ERR_SIG_EXPIRED
This status indicates that the signature is valid but expired. For
the combined result this status means that all signatures are valid
and expired.
@item GPG_ERR_KEY_EXPIRED
This status indicates that the signature is valid but the key used to
verify the signature has expired. For the combined result this status
means that all signatures are valid and all keys are expired.
@item GPG_ERR_CERT_REVOKED
This status indicates that the signature is valid but the key used
to verify the signature has been revoked. For the combined result
this status means that all signatures are valid and all keys are
revoked.
@item GPG_ERR_BAD_SIGNATURE
This status indicates that the signature is invalid. For the combined
result this status means that all signatures are invalid.
@item GPG_ERR_NO_PUBKEY
This status indicates that the signature could not be verified due to
a missing key. For the combined result this status means that all
signatures could not be checked due to missing keys.
@item GPG_ERR_GENERAL
This status indicates that there was some other error which prevented
the signature verification.
@end table
@item gpgme_sig_notation_t notations
This is a linked list with the notation data and policy URLs.
@item unsigned long timestamp
The creation timestamp of this signature.
@item unsigned long exp_timestamp
The expiration timestamp of this signature, or 0 if the signature does
not expire.
@item unsigned int wrong_key_usage : 1
This is true if the key was not used according to its policy.
@item unsigned int pka_trust : 2
This is set to the trust information gained by means of the PKA system.
Values are:
@table @code
@item 0
No PKA information available or verification not possible.
@item 1
PKA verification failed.
@item 2
PKA verification succeeded.
@item 3
Reserved for future use.
@end table
Depending on the configuration of the engine, this metric may also be
reflected by the validity of the signature.
@item unsigned int chain_model : 1
This is true if the validity of the signature has been checked using the
chain model. In the chain model the time the signature has been created
must be within the validity period of the certificate and the time the
certificate itself has been created must be within the validity period
of the issuing certificate. In contrast the default validation model
checks the validity of signature as well at the entire certificate chain
at the current time.
@item gpgme_validity_t validity
The validity of the signature.
@item gpgme_error_t validity_reason
If a signature is not valid, this provides a reason why.
@item gpgme_pubkey_algo_t
The public key algorithm used to create this signature.
@item gpgme_hash_algo_t
The hash algorithm used to create this signature.
@item char *pka_address
The mailbox from the PKA information or @code{NULL}.
@item gpgme_key_t key
An object describing the key used to create the signature. This key
object may be incomplete in that it only conveys information
availabale directly with a signature. It may also be @code{NULL} if
such information is not readily available.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_verify_result_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store the result of a
@code{gpgme_op_verify} operation. After verifying a signature, you
can retrieve the pointer to the result with
@code{gpgme_op_verify_result}. If the operation failed this might be
a @code{NULL} pointer. The structure contains the following member:
@table @code
@item gpgme_signature_t signatures
A linked list with information about all signatures for which a
verification was attempted.
@item char *file_name
This is the filename of the original plaintext message file if it is
known, otherwise this is a null pointer.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_verify_result_t gpgme_op_verify_result (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_verify_result} returns a
@code{gpgme_verify_result_t} pointer to a structure holding the result
of a @code{gpgme_op_verify} operation. The pointer is only valid if
the last operation on the context was a @code{gpgme_op_verify},
@code{gpgme_op_verify_start}, @code{gpgme_op_decrypt_verify} or
@code{gpgme_op_decrypt_verify_start} operation, and if this operation
finished successfully (for @code{gpgme_op_decrypt_verify} and
@code{gpgme_op_decrypt_verify_start}, the error code
@code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA} counts as successful in this context). The
returned pointer is only valid until the next operation is started on
the context.
@end deftypefun
@node Decrypt and Verify
@subsection Decrypt and Verify
@cindex decryption and verification
@cindex verification and decryption
@cindex signature check
@cindex cryptographic operation, decryption and verification
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_decrypt_verify (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{cipher}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{plain}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_decrypt_verify} decrypts the ciphertext in
the data object @var{cipher} and stores it into the data object
@var{plain}. If @var{cipher} contains signatures, they will be
verified.
After the operation completed, @code{gpgme_op_decrypt_result} and
@code{gpgme_op_verify_result} can be used to retrieve more information
about the signatures.
If the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA} is returned, @var{cipher}
does not contain any data to decrypt. However, it might still be
signed. The information about detected signatures is available with
@code{gpgme_op_verify_result} in this case.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
ciphertext could be decrypted successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE}
if @var{ctx}, @var{cipher} or @var{plain} is not a valid pointer,
@code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA} if @var{cipher} does not contain any data to
decrypt, @code{GPG_ERR_DECRYPT_FAILED} if @var{cipher} is not a valid
cipher text, @code{GPG_ERR_BAD_PASSPHRASE} if the passphrase for the
secret key could not be retrieved, and passes through any errors that
are reported by the crypto engine support routines.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_decrypt_verify_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{cipher}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{plain}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_decrypt_verify_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_decrypt_verify} operation. It can be completed by
calling @code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For
Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation could be started successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx}, @var{cipher}, @var{plain} or @var{r_stat} is not a valid
pointer, and @code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA} if @var{cipher} does not contain
any data to decrypt.
@end deftypefun
When processing mails it is sometimes useful to extract the actual
mail address (the ``addr-spec'') from a string. GPGME provides this
helper function which uses the same semantics as the internal
functions in GPGME and GnuPG:
@deftypefun @w{char *} gpgme_addrspec_from_uid (@w{const char *@var{uid}})
Return the mail address (called ``addr-spec'' in RFC-5322) from the
string @var{uid} which is assumed to be a user id (called ``address''
in RFC-5322). All plain ASCII characters (i.e. those with bit 7
cleared) in the result are converted to lowercase. Caller must free
the result using @code{gpgme_free}. Returns @code{NULL} if no valid
address was found (in which case @code{ERRNO} is set to @code{EINVAL})
or for other errors.
@end deftypefun
@node Sign
@subsection Sign
@cindex signature, creation
@cindex sign
@cindex cryptographic operation, signing
A signature can contain signatures by one or more keys. The set of
keys used to create a signatures is contained in a context, and is
applied to all following signing operations in this context (until the
set is changed).
@menu
* Selecting Signers:: How to choose the keys to sign with.
* Creating a Signature:: How to create a signature.
* Signature Notation Data:: How to add notation data to a signature.
@end menu
@node Selecting Signers
@subsubsection Selecting Signers
@cindex signature, selecting signers
@cindex signers, selecting
The key or the keys used to create a signature are stored in the
context. The following functions can be used to manipulate this list.
If no signer has been set into the context a default key is used for
signing.
@deftypefun void gpgme_signers_clear (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_signers_clear} releases a reference for each
key on the signers list and removes the list of signers from the
context @var{ctx}.
Every context starts with an empty list.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_signers_add (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const gpgme_key_t @var{key}})
The function @code{gpgme_signers_add} adds the key @var{key} to the
list of signers in the context @var{ctx}.
Calling this function acquires an additional reference for the key.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun @w{unsigned int} gpgme_signers_count (@w{const gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_signers_count} returns the number of signer keys in
the context @var{ctx}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_key_t gpgme_signers_enum (@w{const gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{int @var{seq}})
The function @code{gpgme_signers_enum} returns the @var{seq}th key in
the list of signers in the context @var{ctx}. An additional reference
is acquired for the user.
If @var{seq} is out of range, @code{NULL} is returned.
@end deftypefun
@node Creating a Signature
@subsubsection Creating a Signature
@deftp {Data type} {enum gpgme_sig_mode_t}
@tindex gpgme_sig_mode_t
The @code{gpgme_sig_mode_t} type is used to specify the desired type of a
signature. The following modes are available:
@table @code
@item GPGME_SIG_MODE_NORMAL
A normal signature is made, the output includes the plaintext and the
signature.
@item GPGME_SIG_MODE_DETACH
A detached signature is made.
@item GPGME_SIG_MODE_CLEAR
A clear text signature is made. The @acronym{ASCII} armor and text
mode settings of the context are ignored.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_sign (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{plain}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{sig}}, @w{gpgme_sig_mode_t @var{mode}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_sign} creates a signature for the text in
the data object @var{plain} and returns it in the data object
@var{sig}. The type of the signature created is determined by the
@acronym{ASCII} armor (or, if that is not set, by the encoding
specified for @var{sig}), the text mode attributes set for the context
@var{ctx} and the requested signature mode @var{mode}.
After the operation completed successfully, the result can be
retrieved with @code{gpgme_op_sign_result}.
If an S/MIME signed message is created using the CMS crypto engine,
the number of certificates to include in the message can be specified
with @code{gpgme_set_include_certs}. @xref{Included Certificates}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
signature could be created successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx}, @var{plain} or @var{sig} is not a valid pointer,
@code{GPG_ERR_NO_DATA} if the signature could not be created,
@code{GPG_ERR_BAD_PASSPHRASE} if the passphrase for the secret key
could not be retrieved, @code{GPG_ERR_UNUSABLE_SECKEY} if there are
invalid signers, and passes through any errors that are reported by the
crypto engine support routines.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_sign_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{plain}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{sig}}, @w{gpgme_sig_mode_t @var{mode}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_sign_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_sign} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the operation could be
started successfully, and @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if @var{ctx},
@var{plain} or @var{sig} is not a valid pointer.
@end deftypefun
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_new_signature_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store a part of the result of
a @code{gpgme_op_sign} operation. The structure contains the
following members:
@table @code
@item gpgme_new_signature_t next
This is a pointer to the next new signature structure in the linked
list, or @code{NULL} if this is the last element.
@item gpgme_sig_mode_t type
The type of this signature.
@item gpgme_pubkey_algo_t pubkey_algo
The public key algorithm used to create this signature.
@item gpgme_hash_algo_t hash_algo
The hash algorithm used to create this signature.
@item unsigned int sig_class
The signature class of this signature.
@item long int timestamp
The creation timestamp of this signature.
@item char *fpr
The fingerprint of the key which was used to create this signature.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_sign_result_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store the result of a
@code{gpgme_op_sign} operation. After successfully generating a
signature, you can retrieve the pointer to the result with
@code{gpgme_op_sign_result}. The structure contains the following
members:
@table @code
@item gpgme_invalid_key_t invalid_signers
A linked list with information about all invalid keys for which a
signature could not be created.
@item gpgme_new_signature_t signatures
A linked list with information about all signatures created.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_sign_result_t gpgme_op_sign_result (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_sign_result} returns a
@code{gpgme_sign_result_t} pointer to a structure holding the result
of a @code{gpgme_op_sign} operation. The pointer is only valid if the
last operation on the context was a @code{gpgme_op_sign},
@code{gpgme_op_sign_start}, @code{gpgme_op_encrypt_sign} or
@code{gpgme_op_encrypt_sign_start} operation. If that operation
failed, the function might return a @code{NULL} pointer. The returned
pointer is only valid until the next operation is started on the
context.
@end deftypefun
@node Signature Notation Data
@subsubsection Signature Notation Data
@cindex notation data
@cindex signature notation data
@cindex policy URL
Using the following functions, you can attach arbitrary notation data
to a signature. This information is then available to the user when
the signature is verified.
@deftypefun void gpgme_sig_notation_clear (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_sig_notation_clear} removes the notation data
from the context @var{ctx}. Subsequent signing operations from this
context will not include any notation data.
Every context starts with an empty notation data list.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_sig_notation_add (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{name}}, @w{const char *@var{value}}, @w{gpgme_sig_notation_flags_t @var{flags}})
The function @code{gpgme_sig_notation_add} adds the notation data with
the name @var{name} and the value @var{value} to the context
@var{ctx}.
Subsequent signing operations will include this notation data, as well
as any other notation data that was added since the creation of the
context or the last @code{gpgme_sig_notation_clear} operation.
The arguments @var{name} and @var{value} must be @code{NUL}-terminated
strings in human-readable form. The flag
@code{GPGME_SIG_NOTATION_HUMAN_READABLE} is implied
(non-human-readable notation data is currently not supported). The
strings must be in UTF-8 encoding.
If @var{name} is @code{NULL}, then @var{value} should be a policy URL.
The function @code{gpgme_sig_notation_add} returns the error code
@code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the notation data could be added
successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if @var{ctx} is not a valid
pointer, or if @var{name}, @var{value} and @var{flags} are an invalid
combination. The function also passes through any errors that are
reported by the crypto engine support routines.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_sig_notation_t gpgme_sig_notation_get (@w{const gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_sig_notation_get} returns the linked list of
notation data structures that are contained in the context @var{ctx}.
If @var{ctx} is not a valid pointer, or there is no notation data
added for this context, @code{NULL} is returned.
@end deftypefun
@node Encrypt
@subsection Encrypt
@cindex encryption
@cindex cryptographic operation, encryption
One plaintext can be encrypted for several recipients at the same
time. The list of recipients is created independently of any context,
and then passed to the encryption operation.
@menu
* Encrypting a Plaintext:: How to encrypt a plaintext.
@end menu
@node Encrypting a Plaintext
@subsubsection Encrypting a Plaintext
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_encrypt (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t @var{recp}[]}, @w{gpgme_encrypt_flags_t @var{flags}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{plain}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{cipher}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_encrypt} encrypts the plaintext in the
data object @var{plain} for the recipients @var{recp} and stores the
ciphertext in the data object @var{cipher}. The type of the
ciphertext created is determined by the @acronym{ASCII} armor (or, if
that is not set, by the encoding specified for @var{cipher}) and the
text mode attributes set for the context @var{ctx}.
@var{recp} must be a @code{NULL}-terminated array of keys. The user
must keep references for all keys during the whole duration of the
call (but see @code{gpgme_op_encrypt_start} for the requirements with
the asynchronous variant).
The value in @var{flags} is a bitwise-or combination of one or
multiple of the following bit values:
@table @code
@item GPGME_ENCRYPT_ALWAYS_TRUST
The @code{GPGME_ENCRYPT_ALWAYS_TRUST} symbol specifies that all the
recipients in @var{recp} should be trusted, even if the keys do not
have a high enough validity in the keyring. This flag should be used
with care; in general it is not a good idea to use any untrusted keys.
@item GPGME_ENCRYPT_NO_ENCRYPT_TO
The @code{GPGME_ENCRYPT_NO_ENCRYPT_TO} symbol specifies that no
default or hidden default recipients as configured in the crypto
backend should be included. This can be useful for managing different
user profiles.
@item GPGME_ENCRYPT_NO_COMPRESS
The @code{GPGME_ENCRYPT_NO_COMPRESS} symbol specifies that the
plaintext shall not be compressed before it is encrypted. This is
in some cases useful if the length of the encrypted message
may reveal information about the plaintext.
@item GPGME_ENCRYPT_PREPARE
@itemx GPGME_ENCRYPT_EXPECT_SIGN
The @code{GPGME_ENCRYPT_PREPARE} symbol is used with the UI Server
protocol to prepare an encryption (i.e. sending the
@code{PREP_ENCRYPT} command). With the
@code{GPGME_ENCRYPT_EXPECT_SIGN} symbol the UI Server is advised to
also expect a sign command.
@item GPGME_ENCRYPT_SYMMETRIC
The @code{GPGME_ENCRYPT_SYMMETRIC} symbol specifies that the
output should be additionally encrypted symmetically even
if recipients are provided. This feature is only supported for
for the OpenPGP crypto engine.
@end table
If @code{GPG_ERR_UNUSABLE_PUBKEY} is returned, some recipients in
@var{recp} are invalid, but not all. In this case the plaintext might
be encrypted for all valid recipients and returned in @var{cipher} (if
this happens depends on the crypto engine). More information about
the invalid recipients is available with
@code{gpgme_op_encrypt_result}.
If @var{recp} is @code{NULL}, symmetric rather than public key
encryption is performed. Symmetrically encrypted cipher text can be
deciphered with @code{gpgme_op_decrypt}. Note that in this case the
crypto backend needs to retrieve a passphrase from the user.
Symmetric encryption is currently only supported for the OpenPGP
crypto backend.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
ciphertext could be created successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx}, @var{recp}, @var{plain} or @var{cipher} is not a valid
pointer, @code{GPG_ERR_UNUSABLE_PUBKEY} if @var{recp} contains some
invalid recipients, @code{GPG_ERR_BAD_PASSPHRASE} if the passphrase
for the symmetric key could not be retrieved, and passes through any
errors that are reported by the crypto engine support routines.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_encrypt_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t @var{recp}[]}, @w{gpgme_encrypt_flags_t @var{flags}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{plain}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{cipher}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_encrypt_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_encrypt} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
References to the keys only need to be held for the duration of this
call. The user can release its references to the keys after this
function returns, even if the operation is not yet finished.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation could be started successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx}, @var{rset}, @var{plain} or @var{cipher} is not a valid
pointer, and @code{GPG_ERR_UNUSABLE_PUBKEY} if @var{rset} does not
contain any valid recipients.
@end deftypefun
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_encrypt_result_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store the result of a
@code{gpgme_op_encrypt} operation. After successfully encrypting
data, you can retrieve the pointer to the result with
@code{gpgme_op_encrypt_result}. The structure contains the following
members:
@table @code
@item gpgme_invalid_key_t invalid_recipients
A linked list with information about all invalid keys for which
the data could not be encrypted.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_encrypt_result_t gpgme_op_encrypt_result (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_encrypt_result} returns a
@code{gpgme_encrypt_result_t} pointer to a structure holding the
result of a @code{gpgme_op_encrypt} operation. The pointer is only
valid if the last operation on the context was a
@code{gpgme_op_encrypt}, @code{gpgme_op_encrypt_start},
@code{gpgme_op_sign} or @code{gpgme_op_sign_start} operation. If this
operation failed, this might be a @code{NULL} pointer. The returned
pointer is only valid until the next operation is started on the
context.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_encrypt_sign (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t @var{recp}[]}, @w{gpgme_encrypt_flags_t @var{flags}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{plain}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{cipher}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_encrypt_sign} does a combined encrypt and
sign operation. It is used like @code{gpgme_op_encrypt}, but the
ciphertext also contains signatures for the signers listed in
@var{ctx}.
The combined encrypt and sign operation is currently only available
for the OpenPGP crypto engine.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_encrypt_sign_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t @var{recp}}, @w{gpgme_encrypt_flags_t @var{flags}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{plain}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{cipher}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_encrypt_sign_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_encrypt_sign} operation. It can be completed by
calling @code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For
Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation could be started successfully, and @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE}
if @var{ctx}, @var{rset}, @var{plain} or @var{cipher} is not a valid
pointer.
@end deftypefun
@node Miscellaneous
@section Miscellaneous operations
Here are some support functions which are sometimes useful.
@menu
* Running other Programs:: Running other Programs
* Using the Assuan protocol:: Using the Assuan protocol
* Checking for updates:: How to check for software updates
@end menu
@node Running other Programs
@subsection Running other Programs
GPGME features an internal subsystem to run the actual backend
engines. Along with data abstraction object this subsystem can be
used to run arbitrary simple programs which even need not be related
to cryptographic features. It may for example be used to run tools
which are part of the GnuPG system but are not directly accessible
with the GPGME API.
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_spawn @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{file}}, @
@w{const char *@var{argv}[]}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{datain}}, @
@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dataout}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{dataerr}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_spawn} runs the program @var{file} with
the arguments taken from the NULL terminated array @var{argv}. If no
arguments are required @var{argv} may be given as @code{NULL}. In the
latter case or if @code{argv[0]} is the empty string, GPGME uses the
basename of @var{file} for @code{argv[0]}. The file descriptors
@code{stdin}, @code{stdout}, and @code{stderr} are connected to the
data objects @var{datain}, @var{dataout}, and @var{dataerr}. If NULL
is passed for one of these data objects the corresponding file
descriptor is connected to @file{/dev/null}.
The value in @var{flags} is a bitwise-or combination of one or
multiple of the following bit values:
@table @code
@item GPGME_SPAWN_DETACHED
Under Windows this flag inhibits the allocation of a new console for
the program. This is useful for a GUI application which needs to call
a command line helper tool.
@item GPGME_SPAWN_ALLOW_SET_FG
Under Windows this flag allows the called program to put itself into
the foreground.
@end table
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_spawn_start @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{file}}, @
@w{const char *@var{argv}[]}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{datain}}, @
@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dataout}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{dataerr}}, @
@w{unsigned int @var{flags}})
This is the asynchronous variant of @code{gpgme_op_spawn}.
@end deftypefun
@node Using the Assuan protocol
@subsection Using the Assuan protocol
The Assuan protocol can be used to talk to arbitrary Assuan servers.
By default it is connected to the GnuPG agent, but it may be connected
to arbitrary servers by using @code{gpgme_ctx_set_engine_info},
passing the location of the servers socket as @var{file_name}
argument, and an empty string as @var{home_dir} argument.
The Assuan protocol functions use three kinds of callbacks to transfer
data:
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_error_t (*gpgme_assuan_data_cb_t) @
(@w{void *@var{opaque}}, @w{const void *@var{data}}, @
@w{size_t @var{datalen}})}
This callback receives any data sent by the server. @var{opaque} is
the pointer passed to @code{gpgme_op_assuan_transact_start},
@var{data} of length @var{datalen} refers to the data sent.
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_error_t (*gpgme_assuan_inquire_cb_t) @
(@w{void *@var{opaque}}, @w{const char *@var{name}}, @
@w{const char *@var{args}}, @w{gpgme_data_t *@var{r_data}})}
This callback is used to provide additional data to the Assuan server.
@var{opaque} is the pointer passed to
@code{gpgme_op_assuan_transact_start}, @var{name} and @var{args}
specify what kind of data the server requested, and @var{r_data} is
used to return the actual data.
Note: Returning data is currently not implemented in @acronym{GPGME}.
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_error_t (*gpgme_assuan_status_cb_t) @
(@w{void *@var{opaque}}, @w{const char *@var{status}}, @
@w{const char *@var{args}})}
This callback receives any status lines sent by the server.
@var{opaque} is the pointer passed to
@code{gpgme_op_assuan_transact_start}, @var{status} and @var{args}
denote the status update sent.
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_assuan_transact_start @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{command}}, @
@w{gpgme_assuan_data_cb_t @var{data_cb}}, @
@w{void * @var{data_cb_value}}, @
@w{gpgme_assuan_inquire_cb_t @var{inquire_cb}}, @
@w{void * @var{inquire_cb_value}}, @
@w{gpgme_assuan_status_cb_t @var{status_cb}}, @
@w{void * @var{status_cb_value}})
Send the Assuan @var{command} and return results via the callbacks.
Any callback may be @code{NULL}. The result of the operation may be
retrieved using @code{gpgme_wait_ext}.
Asynchronous variant.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_assuan_transact_ext @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{const char *@var{command}}, @
@w{gpgme_assuan_data_cb_t @var{data_cb}}, @
@w{void * @var{data_cb_value}}, @
@w{gpgme_assuan_inquire_cb_t @var{inquire_cb}}, @
@w{void * @var{inquire_cb_value}}, @
@w{gpgme_assuan_status_cb_t @var{status_cb}}, @
@w{void * @var{status_cb_value}}, @
@w{gpgme_error_t *@var{op_err}})
Send the Assuan @var{command} and return results via the callbacks.
The result of the operation is returned in @var{op_err}.
Synchronous variant.
@end deftypefun
@node Checking for updates
@subsection How to check for software updates
The GnuPG Project operates a server to query the current versions of
software packages related to GnuPG. GPGME can be used to
access this online database and check whether a new version of a
software package is available.
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_query_swdb_result_t}
This is a pointer to a structure used to store the result of a
@code{gpgme_op_query_swdb} operation. After success full call to that
function, you can retrieve the pointer to the result with
@code{gpgme_op_query_swdb_result}. The structure contains the
following member:
@table @code
@item name
This is the name of the package.
@item iversion
The currently installed version or an empty string. This value is
either a copy of the argument given to @code{gpgme_op_query_swdb} or
the version of the installed software as figured out by GPGME or GnuPG.
@item created
This gives the date the file with the list of version numbers has
originally be created by the GnuPG project.
@item retrieved
This gives the date the file was downloaded.
@item warning
If this flag is set either an error has occurred or some of the
information in this structure are not properly set. For example if
the version number of the installed software could not be figured out,
the @code{update} flag may not reflect a required update status.
@item update
If this flag is set an update of the software is available.
@item urgent
If this flag is set an available update is important.
@item noinfo
If this flag is set, no valid information could be retrieved.
@item unknown
If this flag is set the given @code{name} is not known.
@item tooold
If this flag is set the available information is not fresh enough.
@item error
If this flag is set some other error has occured.
@item version
The version string of the latest released version.
@item reldate
The release date of the latest released version.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_query_swdb @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @
@w{const char *@var{name}}, @
@w{const char *@var{iversion}}, @
@w{gpgme_data_t @var{reserved}})
Query the software version database for software package @var{name}
and check against the installed version given by @var{iversion}. If
@var{iversion} is given as @code{NULL} a check is only done if GPGME
can figure out the version by itself (for example when using
"gpgme" or "gnupg"). If @code{NULL} is used for @var{name} the
current gpgme version is checked. @var{reserved} must be set to 0.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_query_swdb_result_t gpgme_op_query_swdb_result @
(@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_query_swdb_result} returns a
@code{gpgme_query_swdb_result_t} pointer to a structure holding the
result of a @code{gpgme_op_query_swdb} operation. The pointer is only
valid if the last operation on the context was a sucessful call to
@code{gpgme_op_query_swdb}. If that call failed, the result might
be a @code{NULL} pointer. The returned pointer is only valid until
the next operation is started on the context @var{ctx}.
@end deftypefun
@noindent
Here is an example on how to check whether GnuPG is current:
@example
#include <gpgme.h>
int
main (void)
@{
gpg_error_t err;
gpgme_ctx_t ctx;
gpgme_query_swdb_result_t result;
gpgme_check_version (NULL);
err = gpgme_new (&ctx);
if (err)
fprintf (stderr, "error creating context: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
else
@{
gpgme_set_protocol (ctx, GPGME_PROTOCOL_GPGCONF);
err = gpgme_op_query_swdb (ctx, "gnupg", NULL, 0);
if (err)
fprintf (stderr, "error querying swdb: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
else
@{
result = gpgme_op_query_swdb_result (ctx);
if (!result)
fprintf (stderr, "error querying swdb\n");
if (!result->warning && !result->update)
printf ("GnuPG version %s is current\n",
result->iversion);
else if (!result->warning && result->update)
printf ("GnuPG version %s can be updated to %s\n",
result->iversion, result->version);
else
fprintf (stderr, "error finding the update status\n");
@}
gpgme_release (ctx);
@}
return 0;
@}
@end example
@node Run Control
@section Run Control
@cindex run control
@cindex cryptographic operation, running
@acronym{GPGME} supports running operations synchronously and
asynchronously. You can use asynchronous operation to set up a
context up to initiating the desired operation, but delay performing
it to a later point.
Furthermore, you can use an external event loop to control exactly
when @acronym{GPGME} runs. This ensures that @acronym{GPGME} only
runs when necessary and also prevents it from blocking for a long
time.
@menu
* Waiting For Completion:: Waiting until an operation is completed.
* Using External Event Loops:: Advanced control over what happens when.
* Cancellation:: How to end pending operations prematurely.
@end menu
@node Waiting For Completion
@subsection Waiting For Completion
@cindex cryptographic operation, wait for
@cindex wait for completion
@deftypefun gpgme_ctx_t gpgme_wait (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_error_t *@var{status}}, @w{int @var{hang}})
The function @code{gpgme_wait} continues the pending operation within
the context @var{ctx}. In particular, it ensures the data exchange
between @acronym{GPGME} and the crypto backend and watches over the
run time status of the backend process.
If @var{hang} is true, the function does not return until the
operation is completed or cancelled. Otherwise the function will not
block for a long time.
The error status of the finished operation is returned in @var{status}
if @code{gpgme_wait} does not return @code{NULL}.
The @var{ctx} argument can be @code{NULL}. In that case,
@code{gpgme_wait} waits for any context to complete its operation.
@code{gpgme_wait} can be used only in conjunction with any context
that has a pending operation initiated with one of the
@code{gpgme_op_*_start} functions except @code{gpgme_op_keylist_start}
and @code{gpgme_op_trustlist_start} (for which you should use the
corresponding @code{gpgme_op_*_next} functions). If @var{ctx} is
@code{NULL}, all of such contexts are waited upon and possibly
returned. Synchronous operations running in parallel, as well as key
and trust item list operations, do not affect @code{gpgme_wait}.
In a multi-threaded environment, only one thread should ever call
@code{gpgme_wait} at any time, irregardless if @var{ctx} is specified
or not. This means that all calls to this function should be fully
synchronized by locking primitives. It is safe to start asynchronous
operations while a thread is running in @code{gpgme_wait}.
The function returns the @var{ctx} of the context which has finished
the operation. If @var{hang} is false, and the timeout expires,
@code{NULL} is returned and @code{*status} will be set to 0. If an
error occurs, @code{NULL} is returned and the error is returned in
@code{*status}.
@end deftypefun
@node Using External Event Loops
@subsection Using External Event Loops
@cindex event loop, external
@acronym{GPGME} hides the complexity of the communication between the
library and the crypto engine. The price of this convenience is that
the calling thread can block arbitrary long waiting for the data
returned by the crypto engine. In single-threaded programs, in
particular if they are interactive, this is an unwanted side-effect.
OTOH, if @code{gpgme_wait} is used without the @var{hang} option being
enabled, it might be called unnecessarily often, wasting CPU time that
could be used otherwise.
The I/O callback interface described in this section lets the user
take control over what happens when. @acronym{GPGME} will provide the
user with the file descriptors that should be monitored, and the
callback functions that should be invoked when a file descriptor is
ready for reading or writing. It is then the user's responsibility to
decide when to check the file descriptors and when to invoke the
callback functions. Usually this is done in an event loop, that also
checks for events in other parts of the program. If the callback
functions are only called when the file descriptors are ready,
@acronym{GPGME} will never block. This gives the user more control
over the program flow, and allows to perform other tasks when
@acronym{GPGME} would block otherwise.
By using this advanced mechanism, @acronym{GPGME} can be integrated
smoothly into GUI toolkits like GTK+ even for single-threaded
programs.
@menu
* I/O Callback Interface:: How I/O callbacks are registered.
* Registering I/O Callbacks:: How to use I/O callbacks for a context.
* I/O Callback Example:: An example how to use I/O callbacks.
* I/O Callback Example GTK+:: How to use @acronym{GPGME} with GTK+.
* I/O Callback Example GDK:: How to use @acronym{GPGME} with GDK.
* I/O Callback Example Qt:: How to use @acronym{GPGME} with Qt.
@end menu
@node I/O Callback Interface
@subsubsection I/O Callback Interface
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_error_t (*gpgme_io_cb_t) (@w{void *@var{data}}, @w{int @var{fd}})}
@tindex gpgme_io_cb_t
The @code{gpgme_io_cb_t} type is the type of functions which
@acronym{GPGME} wants to register as I/O callback handlers using the
@code{gpgme_register_io_cb_t} functions provided by the user.
@var{data} and @var{fd} are provided by @acronym{GPGME} when the I/O
callback handler is registered, and should be passed through to the
handler when it is invoked by the user because it noticed activity on
the file descriptor @var{fd}.
The callback handler always returns @code{0}, but you should consider
the return value to be reserved for later use.
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_error_t (*gpgme_register_io_cb_t) (@w{void *@var{data}}, @w{int @var{fd}}, @w{int @var{dir}}, @w{gpgme_io_cb_t @var{fnc}}, @w{void *@var{fnc_data}}, @w{void **@var{tag}})}
@tindex gpgme_register_io_cb_t
The @code{gpgme_register_io_cb_t} type is the type of functions which can
be called by @acronym{GPGME} to register an I/O callback function
@var{fnc} for the file descriptor @var{fd} with the user.
@var{fnc_data} should be passed as the first argument to @var{fnc}
when the handler is invoked (the second argument should be @var{fd}).
If @var{dir} is 0, @var{fnc} should be called by the user when
@var{fd} is ready for writing. If @var{dir} is 1, @var{fnc} should be
called when @var{fd} is ready for reading.
@var{data} was provided by the user when registering the
@code{gpgme_register_io_cb_t} function with @acronym{GPGME} and will always
be passed as the first argument when registering a callback function.
For example, the user can use this to determine the event loop to
which the file descriptor should be added.
@acronym{GPGME} will call this function when a crypto operation is
initiated in a context for which the user has registered I/O callback
handler functions with @code{gpgme_set_io_cbs}. It can also call this
function when it is in an I/O callback handler for a file descriptor
associated to this context.
The user should return a unique handle in @var{tag} identifying this
I/O callback registration, which will be passed to the
@code{gpgme_register_io_cb_t} function without interpretation when the file
descriptor should not be monitored anymore.
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {void (*gpgme_remove_io_cb_t) (@w{void *@var{tag}})}
The @code{gpgme_remove_io_cb_t} type is the type of functions which can be
called by @acronym{GPGME} to remove an I/O callback handler that was
registered before. @var{tag} is the handle that was returned by the
@code{gpgme_register_io_cb_t} for this I/O callback.
@acronym{GPGME} can call this function when a crypto operation is in
an I/O callback. It will also call this function when the context is
destroyed while an operation is pending.
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {enum gpgme_event_io_t}
@tindex gpgme_event_io_t
The @code{gpgme_event_io_t} type specifies the type of an event that is
reported to the user by @acronym{GPGME} as a consequence of an I/O
operation. The following events are defined:
@table @code
@item GPGME_EVENT_START
The operation is fully initialized now, and you can start to run the
registered I/O callback handlers now. Note that registered I/O
callback handlers must not be run before this event is signalled.
@var{type_data} is @code{NULL} and reserved for later use.
@item GPGME_EVENT_DONE
The operation is finished, the last I/O callback for this operation
was removed. The accompanying @var{type_data} points to a
@code{struct gpgme_io_event_done_data} variable that contains the
status of the operation that finished. This event is signalled after
the last I/O callback has been removed.
@item GPGME_EVENT_NEXT_KEY
In a @code{gpgme_op_keylist_start} operation, the next key was
received from the crypto engine. The accompanying @var{type_data} is
a @code{gpgme_key_t} variable that contains the key with one reference
for the user.
@item GPGME_EVENT_NEXT_TRUSTITEM
In a @code{gpgme_op_trustlist_start} operation, the next trust item
was received from the crypto engine. The accompanying @var{type_data}
is a @code{gpgme_trust_item_t} variable that contains the trust item with
one reference for the user.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftp {Data type} {void (*gpgme_event_io_cb_t) (@w{void *@var{data}}, @w{gpgme_event_io_t @var{type}}, @w{void *@var{type_data}})}
The @code{gpgme_event_io_cb_t} type is the type of functions which can be
called by @acronym{GPGME} to signal an event for an operation running
in a context which has I/O callback functions registered by the user.
@var{data} was provided by the user when registering the
@code{gpgme_event_io_cb_t} function with @acronym{GPGME} and will always be
passed as the first argument when registering a callback function.
For example, the user can use this to determine the context in which
this event has occured.
@var{type} will specify the type of event that has occured.
@var{type_data} specifies the event further, as described in the above
list of possible @code{gpgme_event_io_t} types.
@acronym{GPGME} can call this function in an I/O callback handler.
@end deftp
@node Registering I/O Callbacks
@subsubsection Registering I/O Callbacks
@deftp {Data type} {struct gpgme_io_cbs}
@tindex gpgme_event_io_t
This structure is used to store the I/O callback interface functions
described in the previous section. It has the following members:
@table @code
@item gpgme_register_io_cb_t add
This is the function called by @acronym{GPGME} to register an I/O
callback handler. It must be specified.
@item void *add_priv
This is passed as the first argument to the @code{add} function when
it is called by @acronym{GPGME}. For example, it can be used to
determine the event loop to which the file descriptor should be added.
@item gpgme_remove_io_cb_t remove
This is the function called by @acronym{GPGME} to remove an I/O
callback handler. It must be specified.
@item gpgme_event_io_cb_t event
This is the function called by @acronym{GPGME} to signal an event for
an operation. It must be specified, because at least the start event
must be processed.
@item void *event_priv
This is passed as the first argument to the @code{event} function when
it is called by @acronym{GPGME}. For example, it can be used to
determine the context in which the event has occured.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun void gpgme_set_io_cbs (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{struct gpgme_io_cbs *@var{io_cbs}})
The function @code{gpgme_set_io_cbs} enables the I/O callback
interface for the context @var{ctx}. The I/O callback functions are
specified by @var{io_cbs}.
If @var{io_cbs}->@code{add} is @code{NULL}, the I/O callback interface
is disabled for the context, and normal operation is restored.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun void gpgme_get_io_cbs (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{struct gpgme_io_cbs *@var{io_cbs}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_io_cbs} returns the I/O callback
functions set with @code{gpgme_set_io_cbs} in @var{io_cbs}.
@end deftypefun
@node I/O Callback Example
@subsubsection I/O Callback Example
To actually use an external event loop, you have to implement the I/O
callback functions that are used by @acronym{GPGME} to register and
unregister file descriptors. Furthermore, you have to actually
monitor these file descriptors for activity and call the appropriate
I/O callbacks.
The following example illustrates how to do that. The example uses
locking to show in which way the callbacks and the event loop can
run concurrently. For the event loop, we use a fixed array. For a
real-world implementation, you should use a dynamically sized
structure because the number of file descriptors needed for a crypto
operation in @acronym{GPGME} is not predictable.
@example
#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <gpgme.h>
/* The following structure holds the result of a crypto operation. */
struct op_result
@{
int done;
gpgme_error_t err;
@};
/* The following structure holds the data associated with one I/O
callback. */
struct one_fd
@{
int fd;
int dir;
gpgme_io_cb_t fnc;
void *fnc_data;
void *loop;
@};
struct event_loop
@{
pthread_mutex_t lock;
#define MAX_FDS 32
/* Unused slots are marked with FD being -1. */
struct one_fd fds[MAX_FDS];
@};
@end example
The following functions implement the I/O callback interface.
@example
gpgme_error_t
add_io_cb (void *data, int fd, int dir, gpgme_io_cb_t fnc, void *fnc_data,
void **r_tag)
@{
struct event_loop *loop = data;
struct one_fd *fds = loop->fds;
int i;
pthread_mutex_lock (&loop->lock);
for (i = 0; i < MAX_FDS; i++)
@{
if (fds[i].fd == -1)
@{
fds[i].fd = fd;
fds[i].dir = dir;
fds[i].fnc = fnc;
fds[i].fnc_data = fnc_data;
fds[i].loop = loop;
break;
@}
@}
pthread_mutex_unlock (&loop->lock);
if (i == MAX_FDS)
return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_GENERAL);
*r_tag = &fds[i];
return 0;
@}
void
remove_io_cb (void *tag)
@{
struct one_fd *fd = tag;
struct event_loop *loop = fd->loop;
pthread_mutex_lock (&loop->lock);
fd->fd = -1;
pthread_mutex_unlock (&loop->lock);
@}
void
event_io_cb (void *data, gpgme_event_io_t type, void *type_data)
@{
struct op_result *result = data;
/* We don't support list operations here. */
if (type == GPGME_EVENT_DONE)
@{
result->done = 1;
result->err = *type_data;
@}
@}
@end example
The final missing piece is the event loop, which will be presented
next. We only support waiting for the success of a single operation.
@example
int
do_select (struct event_loop *loop)
@{
fd_set rfds;
fd_set wfds;
int i, n;
int any = 0;
struct timeval tv;
struct one_fd *fdlist = loop->fds;
pthread_mutex_lock (&loop->lock);
FD_ZERO (&rfds);
FD_ZERO (&wfds);
for (i = 0; i < MAX_FDS; i++)
if (fdlist[i].fd != -1)
FD_SET (fdlist[i].fd, fdlist[i].dir ? &rfds : &wfds);
pthread_mutex_unlock (&loop->lock);
tv.tv_sec = 0;
tv.tv_usec = 1000;
do
@{
n = select (FD_SETSIZE, &rfds, &wfds, NULL, &tv);
@}
while (n < 0 && errno == EINTR);
if (n < 0)
return n; /* Error or timeout. */
pthread_mutex_lock (&loop->lock);
for (i = 0; i < MAX_FDS && n; i++)
@{
if (fdlist[i].fd != -1)
@{
if (FD_ISSET (fdlist[i].fd, fdlist[i].dir ? &rfds : &wfds))
@{
assert (n);
n--;
any = 1;
/* The I/O callback handler can register/remove callbacks,
so we have to unlock the file descriptor list. */
pthread_mutex_unlock (&loop->lock);
(*fdlist[i].fnc) (fdlist[i].fnc_data, fdlist[i].fd);
pthread_mutex_lock (&loop->lock);
@}
@}
@}
pthread_mutex_unlock (&loop->lock);
return any;
@}
void
wait_for_op (struct event_loop *loop, struct op_result *result)
@{
int ret;
do
@{
ret = do_select (loop);
@}
while (ret >= 0 && !result->done);
@}
@end example
The main function shows how to put it all together.
@example
int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
@{
struct event_loop loop;
struct op_result result;
gpgme_ctx_t ctx;
gpgme_error_t err;
gpgme_data_t sig, text;
int i;
pthread_mutexattr_t attr;
struct gpgme_io_cbs io_cbs =
@{
add_io_cb,
&loop,
remove_io_cb,
event_io_cb,
&result
@};
init_gpgme ();
/* Initialize the loop structure. */
/* The mutex must be recursive, since remove_io_cb (which acquires a
lock) can be called while holding a lock acquired in do_select. */
pthread_mutexattr_init (&attr);
pthread_mutexattr_settype (&attr, PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE);
pthread_mutex_init (&loop.lock, &attr);
pthread_mutexattr_destroy (&attr);
for (i = 0; i < MAX_FDS; i++)
loop.fds[i].fd = -1;
/* Initialize the result structure. */
result.done = 0;
err = gpgme_data_new_from_file (&sig, "signature", 1);
if (!err)
err = gpgme_data_new_from_file (&text, "text", 1);
if (!err)
err = gpgme_new (&ctx);
if (!err)
@{
gpgme_set_io_cbs (ctx, &io_cbs);
err = gpgme_op_verify_start (ctx, sig, text, NULL);
@}
if (err)
@{
fprintf (stderr, "gpgme error: %s: %s\n",
gpgme_strsource (err), gpgme_strerror (err));
exit (1);
@}
wait_for_op (&loop, &result);
if (!result.done)
@{
fprintf (stderr, "select error\n");
exit (1);
@}
if (!result.err)
@{
fprintf (stderr, "verification failed: %s: %s\n",
gpgme_strsource (result.err), gpgme_strerror (result.err));
exit (1);
@}
/* Evaluate verify result. */
@dots{}
return 0;
@}
@end example
@node I/O Callback Example GTK+
@subsubsection I/O Callback Example GTK+
@cindex GTK+, using @acronym{GPGME} with
The I/O callback interface can be used to integrate @acronym{GPGME}
with the GTK+ event loop. The following code snippets shows how this
can be done using the appropriate register and remove I/O callback
functions. In this example, the private data of the register I/O
callback function is unused. The event notifications is missing
because it does not require any GTK+ specific setup.
@example
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
struct my_gpgme_io_cb
@{
gpgme_io_cb_t fnc;
void *fnc_data;
guint input_handler_id
@};
void
my_gpgme_io_cb (gpointer data, gint source, GdkInputCondition condition)
@{
struct my_gpgme_io_cb *iocb = data;
(*(iocb->fnc)) (iocb->data, source);
@}
void
my_gpgme_remove_io_cb (void *data)
@{
struct my_gpgme_io_cb *iocb = data;
gtk_input_remove (data->input_handler_id);
@}
void
my_gpgme_register_io_callback (void *data, int fd, int dir, gpgme_io_cb_t fnc,
void *fnc_data, void **tag)
@{
struct my_gpgme_io_cb *iocb = g_malloc (sizeof (struct my_gpgme_io_cb));
iocb->fnc = fnc;
iocb->data = fnc_data;
iocb->input_handler_id = gtk_input_add_full (fd, dir
? GDK_INPUT_READ
: GDK_INPUT_WRITE,
my_gpgme_io_callback,
0, iocb, NULL);
*tag = iocb;
return 0;
@}
@end example
@node I/O Callback Example GDK
@subsubsection I/O Callback Example GDK
@cindex GDK, using @acronym{GPGME} with
The I/O callback interface can also be used to integrate
@acronym{GPGME} with the GDK event loop. The following code snippets
shows how this can be done using the appropriate register and remove
I/O callback functions. In this example, the private data of the
register I/O callback function is unused. The event notifications is
missing because it does not require any GDK specific setup.
It is very similar to the GTK+ example in the previous section.
@example
#include <gdk/gdk.h>
struct my_gpgme_io_cb
@{
gpgme_io_cb_t fnc;
void *fnc_data;
gint tag;
@};
void
my_gpgme_io_cb (gpointer data, gint source, GdkInputCondition condition)
@{
struct my_gpgme_io_cb *iocb = data;
(*(iocb->fnc)) (iocb->data, source);
@}
void
my_gpgme_remove_io_cb (void *data)
@{
struct my_gpgme_io_cb *iocb = data;
gdk_input_remove (data->tag);
@}
void
my_gpgme_register_io_callback (void *data, int fd, int dir, gpgme_io_cb_t fnc,
void *fnc_data, void **tag)
@{
struct my_gpgme_io_cb *iocb = g_malloc (sizeof (struct my_gpgme_io_cb));
iocb->fnc = fnc;
iocb->data = fnc_data;
iocb->tag = gtk_input_add_full (fd, dir ? GDK_INPUT_READ : GDK_INPUT_WRITE,
my_gpgme_io_callback, iocb, NULL);
*tag = iocb;
return 0;
@}
@end example
@node I/O Callback Example Qt
@subsubsection I/O Callback Example Qt
@cindex Qt, using @acronym{GPGME} with
The I/O callback interface can also be used to integrate
@acronym{GPGME} with the Qt event loop. The following code snippets
show how this can be done using the appropriate register and remove
I/O callback functions. In this example, the private data of the
register I/O callback function is unused. The event notifications is
missing because it does not require any Qt specific setup.
@example
#include <qsocketnotifier.h>
#include <qapplication.h>
struct IOCB @{
IOCB( GpgmeIOCb f, void * d, QSocketNotifier * n )
: func( f ), data( d ), notifier( n ) @{@}
GpgmeIOCb func;
void * data;
QSocketNotifier * notifier;
@}
class MyApp : public QApplication @{
// ...
static void registerGpgmeIOCallback( void * data, int fd, int dir,
GpgmeIOCb func, void * func_data,
void ** tag ) @{
QSocketNotifier * n =
new QSocketNotifier( fd, dir ? QSocketNotifier::Read
: QSocketNotifier::Write );
connect( n, SIGNAL(activated(int)),
qApp, SLOT(slotGpgmeIOCallback(int)) );
qApp->mIOCBs.push_back( IOCB( func, func_data, n ) );
*tag = (void*)n;
@}
static void removeGpgmeIOCallback( void * tag ) @{
if ( !tag ) return;
QSocketNotifier * n = static_cast<QSocketNotifier*>( tag );
for ( QValueList<IOCB>::iterator it = qApp->mIOCBs.begin() ;
it != qApp->mIOCBs.end() ; ++it )
if ( it->notifier == n ) @{
delete it->notifier;
qApp->mIOCBs.erase( it );
return;
@}
@}
public slots:
void slotGpgmeIOCallback( int fd ) @{
for ( QValueList<IOCB>::const_iterator it = mIOCBs.begin() ;
it != mIOCBs.end() ; ++it )
if ( it->notifier && it->notifier->socket() == fd )
(*(it->func)) ( it->func_data, fd );
@}
// ...
private:
QValueList<IOCB> mIOCBs;
// ...
@};
@end example
@node Cancellation
@subsection Cancellation
@cindex cryptographic operation, aborting
@cindex cryptographic operation, cancelling
@cindex aborting operations
@cindex cancelling operations
Sometimes you do not want to wait for an operation to finish.
@acronym{GPGME} provides two different functions to achieve that. The
function @code{gpgme_cancel} takes effect immediately. When it
returns, the operation is effectively canceled. However, it has some
limitations and can not be used with synchronous operations. In
contrast, the function @code{gpgme_cancel_async} can be used with any
context and from any thread, but it is not guaranteed to take effect
immediately. Instead, cancellation occurs at the next possible time
(typically the next time I/O occurs in the target context).
@deftypefun gpgme_ctx_t gpgme_cancel (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_cancel} attempts to cancel a pending
operation in the context @var{ctx}. This only works if you use the
global event loop or your own event loop.
If you use the global event loop, you must not call @code{gpgme_wait}
during cancellation. After successful
cancellation, you can call @code{gpgme_wait} (optionally waiting on
@var{ctx}), and the context @var{ctx} will appear as if it had
finished with the error code @code{GPG_ERR_CANCEL}.
If you use an external event loop, you must ensure that no I/O
callbacks are invoked for this context (for example by halting the
event loop). On successful cancellation, all registered I/O callbacks
for this context will be unregistered, and a @code{GPGME_EVENT_DONE}
event with the error code @code{GPG_ERR_CANCEL} will be signalled.
The function returns an error code if the cancellation failed (in this
case the state of @var{ctx} is not modified).
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_ctx_t gpgme_cancel_async (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}})
The function @code{gpgme_cancel_async} attempts to cancel a pending
operation in the context @var{ctx}. This can be called by any thread
at any time after starting an operation on the context, but will not
take effect immediately. The actual cancellation happens at the next
time GPGME processes I/O in that context.
The function returns an error code if the cancellation failed (in this
case the state of @var{ctx} is not modified).
@end deftypefun
@c **********************************************************
@c ******************* Appendices *************************
@c **********************************************************
@include uiserver.texi
@node Debugging
@appendix How to solve problems
@cindex debug
@cindex GPGME_DEBUG
Everyone knows that software often does not do what it should do and thus
there is a need to track down problems. This is in particular true
for applications using a complex library like @acronym{GPGME} and of
course also for the library itself. Here we give a few hints on how
to solve such problems.
First of all you should make sure that the keys you want to use are
installed in the GnuPG engine and are usable. Thus the first test is
to run the desired operation using @command{gpg} or @command{gpgsm} on
the command line. If you can't figure out why things don't work, you
may use @acronym{GPGME}'s built in trace feature. This feature is
either enabled using the environment variable @code{GPGME_DEBUG} or,
if this is not possible, by calling the function
@code{gpgme_set_global_flag}. The value is the trace level and
an optional file name. If no file name is given the trace output is
printed to @code{stderr}.
@noindent
For example
@smallexample
GPGME_DEBUG=9:/home/user/mygpgme.log
@end smallexample
@noindent
(Note that under Windows you use a semicolon in place of the colon to
separate the fields.)
A trace level of 9 is pretty verbose and thus you may want to start
off with a lower level. The exact definition of the trace levels and
the output format may change with any release; you need to check the
source code for details. In any case the trace log should be helpful
to understand what is going going on. Warning: The trace log may
reveal sensitive details like passphrases or other data you use in
your application. If you are asked to send a log file, make sure that
you run your tests only with play data.
@node Deprecated Functions
@appendix Deprecated Functions
@cindex deprecated
For backward compatibility @acronym{GPGME} has a number of functions,
data types and constants which are deprecated and should not be used
anymore. We document here those which are really old to help
understanding old code and to allow migration to their modern
counterparts.
@strong{Warning:} These interfaces will be removed in a future version
of @acronym{GPGME}.
@deftypefun void gpgme_key_release (@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}})
The function @code{gpgme_key_release} is equivalent to
@code{gpgme_key_unref}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun void gpgme_trust_item_release (@w{gpgme_trust_item_t @var{item}})
The function @code{gpgme_trust_item_release} is an alias for
@code{gpgme_trust_item_unref}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_import_ext (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{keydata}}, @w{int *@var{nr}})
The function @code{gpgme_op_import_ext} is equivalent to:
@example
gpgme_error_t err = gpgme_op_import (ctx, keydata);
if (!err)
@{
gpgme_import_result_t result = gpgme_op_import_result (ctx);
*nr = result->considered;
@}
@end example
@end deftypefun
@deftp {Data type} {gpgme_error_t (*gpgme_edit_cb_t) @
(@w{void *@var{handle}}, @
@w{gpgme_status_code_t @var{status}}, @
@w{const char *@var{args}}, @
@w{int @var{fd}})}
@tindex gpgme_edit_cb_t
The @code{gpgme_edit_cb_t} type is the type of functions which
@acronym{GPGME} calls if it a key edit operation is on-going. The
status code @var{status} and the argument line @var{args} are passed
through by @acronym{GPGME} from the crypto engine. The file
descriptor @var{fd} is -1 for normal status messages. If @var{status}
indicates a command rather than a status message, the response to the
command should be written to @var{fd}. The @var{handle} is provided
by the user at start of operation.
The function should return @code{GPG_ERR_FALSE} if it did not handle
the status code, @code{0} for success, or any other error value.
@end deftp
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_edit (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @w{gpgme_edit_cb_t @var{fnc}}, @w{void *@var{handle}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{out}})
Note: This function is deprecated, please use
@code{gpgme_op_interact} instead.
The function @code{gpgme_op_edit} processes the key @var{KEY}
interactively, using the edit callback function @var{FNC} with the
handle @var{HANDLE}. The callback is invoked for every status and
command request from the crypto engine. The output of the crypto
engine is written to the data object @var{out}.
Note that the protocol between the callback function and the crypto
engine is specific to the crypto engine and no further support in
implementing this protocol correctly is provided by @acronym{GPGME}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
edit operation completes successfully, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx} or @var{key} is not a valid pointer, and any error returned
by the crypto engine or the edit callback handler.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_edit_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @w{gpgme_edit_cb_t @var{fnc}}, @w{void *@var{handle}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{out}})
Note: This function is deprecated, please use
@code{gpgme_op_interact_start} instead.
The function @code{gpgme_op_edit_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_edit} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation was started successfully, and @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx} or @var{key} is not a valid pointer.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_card_edit (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @w{gpgme_edit_cb_t @var{fnc}}, @w{void *@var{handle}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{out}})
Note: This function is deprecated, please use @code{gpgme_op_interact}
with the flag @code{GPGME_INTERACT_CARD} instead.
The function @code{gpgme_op_card_edit} is analogous to
@code{gpgme_op_edit}, but should be used to process the smart card corresponding to the key @var{key}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_op_card_edit_start (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @w{gpgme_edit_cb_t @var{fnc}}, @w{void *@var{handle}}, @w{gpgme_data_t @var{out}})
Note: This function is deprecated, please use @code{gpgme_op_interact_start}
with the flag @code{GPGME_INTERACT_CARD} instead.
The function @code{gpgme_op_card_edit_start} initiates a
@code{gpgme_op_card_edit} operation. It can be completed by calling
@code{gpgme_wait} on the context. @xref{Waiting For Completion}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
operation was started successfully, and @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{ctx} or @var{key} is not a valid pointer.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_data_new_with_read_cb (@w{gpgme_data_t *@var{dh}}, @w{int (*@var{readfunc})} (@w{void *@var{hook}}, @w{char *@var{buffer}}, @w{size_t @var{count}}, @w{size_t *@var{nread}}), @w{void *@var{hook_value}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_new_with_read_cb} creates a new
@code{gpgme_data_t} object and uses the callback function @var{readfunc}
to retrieve the data on demand. As the callback function can supply
the data in any way it wants, this is the most flexible data type
@acronym{GPGME} provides. However, it can not be used to write data.
The callback function receives @var{hook_value} as its first argument
whenever it is invoked. It should return up to @var{count} bytes in
@var{buffer}, and return the number of bytes actually read in
@var{nread}. It may return @code{0} in @var{nread} if no data is
currently available. To indicate @code{EOF} the function should
return with an error code of @code{-1} and set @var{nread} to
@code{0}. The callback function may support to reset its internal
read pointer if it is invoked with @var{buffer} and @var{nread} being
@code{NULL} and @var{count} being @code{0}.
The function returns the error code @code{GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR} if the
data object was successfully created, @code{GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE} if
@var{dh} or @var{readfunc} is not a valid pointer, and
@code{GPG_ERR_ENOMEM} if not enough memory is available.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun gpgme_error_t gpgme_data_rewind (@w{gpgme_data_t @var{dh}})
The function @code{gpgme_data_rewind} is equivalent to:
@example
return (gpgme_data_seek (dh, 0, SEEK_SET) == -1)
? gpgme_error_from_errno (errno) : 0;
@end example
@end deftypefun
@deftp {Data type} gpgme_attr_t
The @code{gpgme_attr_t} type is used to specify a key or trust item
attribute. The following attributes are defined:
@table @code
@item GPGME_ATTR_KEYID
This is the key ID of a sub key. It is representable as a string.
For trust items, the trust item refers to the key with this ID.
@item GPGME_ATTR_FPR
This is the fingerprint of a sub key. It is representable as a
string.
@item GPGME_ATTR_ALGO
This is the crypto algorithm for which the sub key can be used. It
is representable as a string and as a number. The numbers correspond
to the @code{enum gcry_pk_algos} values in the gcrypt library.
@item GPGME_ATTR_LEN
This is the key length of a sub key. It is representable as a
number.
@item GPGME_ATTR_CREATED
This is the timestamp at creation time of a sub key. It is
representable as a number.
@item GPGME_ATTR_EXPIRE
This is the expiration time of a sub key. It is representable as a
number.
@item GPGME_ATTR_OTRUST
XXX FIXME (also for trust items)
@item GPGME_ATTR_USERID
This is a user ID. There can be more than one user IDs in a
@var{gpgme_key_t} object. The first one (with index 0) is the primary
user ID. The user ID is representable as a number.
For trust items, this is the user ID associated with this trust item.
@item GPGME_ATTR_NAME
This is the name belonging to a user ID. It is representable as a string.
@item GPGME_ATTR_EMAIL
This is the email address belonging to a user ID. It is representable
as a string.
@item GPGME_ATTR_COMMENT
This is the comment belonging to a user ID. It is representable as a
string.
@item GPGME_ATTR_VALIDITY
This is the validity belonging to a user ID. It is representable as a
string and as a number. See below for a list of available validities.
For trust items, this is the validity that is associated with this
trust item.
@item GPGME_ATTR_UID_REVOKED
This specifies if a user ID is revoked. It is representable as a
number, and is @code{1} if the user ID is revoked, and @code{0}
otherwise.
@item GPGME_ATTR_UID_INVALID
This specifies if a user ID is invalid. It is representable as a
number, and is @code{1} if the user ID is invalid, and @code{0}
otherwise.
@item GPGME_ATTR_LEVEL
This is the trust level of a trust item.
@item GPGME_ATTR_TYPE
This returns information about the type of key. For the string function
this will eother be "PGP" or "X.509". The integer function returns 0
for PGP and 1 for X.509. It is also used for the type of a trust item.
@item GPGME_ATTR_IS_SECRET
This specifies if the key is a secret key. It is representable as a
number, and is @code{1} if the key is revoked, and @code{0} otherwise.
@item GPGME_ATTR_KEY_REVOKED
This specifies if a sub key is revoked. It is representable as a
number, and is @code{1} if the key is revoked, and @code{0} otherwise.
@item GPGME_ATTR_KEY_INVALID
This specifies if a sub key is invalid. It is representable as a
number, and is @code{1} if the key is invalid, and @code{0} otherwise.
@item GPGME_ATTR_KEY_EXPIRED
This specifies if a sub key is expired. It is representable as a
number, and is @code{1} if the key is expired, and @code{0} otherwise.
@item GPGME_ATTR_KEY_DISABLED
This specifies if a sub key is disabled. It is representable as a
number, and is @code{1} if the key is disabled, and @code{0} otherwise.
@item GPGME_ATTR_KEY_CAPS
This is a description of the capabilities of a sub key. It is
representable as a string. The string contains the letter ``e'' if
the key can be used for encryption, ``s'' if the key can be used for
signatures, and ``c'' if the key can be used for certifications.
@item GPGME_ATTR_CAN_ENCRYPT
This specifies if a sub key can be used for encryption. It is
representable as a number, and is @code{1} if the sub key can be used
for encryption, and @code{0} otherwise.
@item GPGME_ATTR_CAN_SIGN
This specifies if a sub key can be used to create data signatures. It
is representable as a number, and is @code{1} if the sub key can be
used for signatures, and @code{0} otherwise.
@item GPGME_ATTR_CAN_CERTIFY
This specifies if a sub key can be used to create key certificates.
It is representable as a number, and is @code{1} if the sub key can be
used for certifications, and @code{0} otherwise.
@item GPGME_ATTR_SERIAL
The X.509 issuer serial attribute of the key. It is representable as
a string.
@item GPGME_ATTR_ISSUE
The X.509 issuer name attribute of the key. It is representable as a
string.
@item GPGME_ATTR_CHAINID
The X.509 chain ID can be used to build the certification chain. It
is representable as a string.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_key_get_string_attr (@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @w{gpgme_attr_t @var{what}}, @w{const void *@var{reserved}}, @w{int @var{idx}})
The function @code{gpgme_key_get_string_attr} returns the value of the
string-representable attribute @var{what} of key @var{key}. If the
attribute is an attribute of a sub key or an user ID, @var{idx}
specifies the sub key or user ID of which the attribute value is
returned. The argument @var{reserved} is reserved for later use and
should be @code{NULL}.
The string returned is only valid as long as the key is valid.
The function returns @code{0} if an attribute can't be returned as a
string, @var{key} is not a valid pointer, @var{idx} out of range,
or @var{reserved} not @code{NULL}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {unsigned long} gpgme_key_get_ulong_attr (@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @w{gpgme_attr_t @var{what}}, @w{const void *@var{reserved}}, @w{int @var{idx}})
The function @code{gpgme_key_get_ulong_attr} returns the value of the
number-representable attribute @var{what} of key @var{key}. If the
attribute is an attribute of a sub key or an user ID, @var{idx}
specifies the sub key or user ID of which the attribute value is
returned. The argument @var{reserved} is reserved for later use and
should be @code{NULL}.
The function returns @code{0} if the attribute can't be returned as a
number, @var{key} is not a valid pointer, @var{idx} out of range, or
@var{reserved} not @code{NULL}.
@end deftypefun
@c
@c Key Signatures
@c
The signatures on a key are only available if the key was retrieved
via a listing operation with the @code{GPGME_KEYLIST_MODE_SIGS} mode
enabled, because it is expensive to retrieve all signatures of a key.
So, before using the below interfaces to retrieve the signatures on a
key, you have to make sure that the key was listed with signatures
enabled. One convenient, but blocking, way to do this is to use the
function @code{gpgme_get_key}.
@deftp {Data type} gpgme_attr_t
The @code{gpgme_attr_t} type is used to specify a key signature
attribute. The following attributes are defined:
@table @code
@item GPGME_ATTR_KEYID
This is the key ID of the key which was used for the signature. It is
representable as a string.
@item GPGME_ATTR_ALGO
This is the crypto algorithm used to create the signature. It is
representable as a string and as a number. The numbers correspond to
the @code{enum gcry_pk_algos} values in the gcrypt library.
@item GPGME_ATTR_CREATED
This is the timestamp at creation time of the signature. It is
representable as a number.
@item GPGME_ATTR_EXPIRE
This is the expiration time of the signature. It is representable as
a number.
@item GPGME_ATTR_USERID
This is the user ID associated with the signing key. The user ID is
representable as a number.
@item GPGME_ATTR_NAME
This is the name belonging to a user ID. It is representable as a string.
@item GPGME_ATTR_EMAIL
This is the email address belonging to a user ID. It is representable
as a string.
@item GPGME_ATTR_COMMENT
This is the comment belonging to a user ID. It is representable as a
string.
@item GPGME_ATTR_KEY_REVOKED
This specifies if a key signature is a revocation signature. It is
representable as a number, and is @code{1} if the key is revoked, and
@code{0} otherwise.
@c @item GPGME_ATTR_KEY_EXPIRED
@c This specifies if a key signature is expired. It is representable as
@c a number, and is @code{1} if the key is revoked, and @code{0}
@c otherwise.
@c
@item GPGME_ATTR_SIG_CLASS
This specifies the signature class of a key signature. It is
representable as a number. The meaning is specific to the crypto
engine.
@item GPGME_ATTR_SIG_CLASS
This specifies the signature class of a key signature. It is
representable as a number. The meaning is specific to the crypto
engine.
@item GPGME_ATTR_SIG_STATUS
This is the same value as returned by @code{gpgme_get_sig_status}.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_key_sig_get_string_attr (@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @w{int @var{uid_idx}}, @w{gpgme_attr_t @var{what}}, @w{const void *@var{reserved}}, @w{int @var{idx}})
The function @code{gpgme_key_sig_get_string_attr} returns the value of
the string-representable attribute @var{what} of the signature
@var{idx} on the user ID @var{uid_idx} in the key @var{key}. The
argument @var{reserved} is reserved for later use and should be
@code{NULL}.
The string returned is only valid as long as the key is valid.
The function returns @code{0} if an attribute can't be returned as a
string, @var{key} is not a valid pointer, @var{uid_idx} or @var{idx}
out of range, or @var{reserved} not @code{NULL}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {unsigned long} gpgme_key_sig_get_ulong_attr (@w{gpgme_key_t @var{key}}, @w{int @var{uid_idx}}, @w{gpgme_attr_t @var{what}}, @w{const void *@var{reserved}}, @w{int @var{idx}})
The function @code{gpgme_key_sig_get_ulong_attr} returns the value of
the number-representable attribute @var{what} of the signature
@var{idx} on the user ID @var{uid_idx} in the key @var{key}. The
argument @var{reserved} is reserved for later use and should be
@code{NULL}.
The function returns @code{0} if an attribute can't be returned as a
string, @var{key} is not a valid pointer, @var{uid_idx} or @var{idx}
out of range, or @var{reserved} not @code{NULL}.
@end deftypefun
@c node Information About Trust Items
@c subsection Information About Trust Items
@c cindex trust item, information about
@c cindex trust item, attributes
@c cindex attributes, of a trust item
Trust items have attributes which can be queried using the interfaces
below. The attribute identifiers are shared with those for key
attributes. @xref{Information About Keys}.
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_trust_item_get_string_attr (@w{gpgme_trust_item_t @var{item}}, @w{gpgme_attr_t @var{what}}, @w{const void *@var{reserved}}, @w{int @var{idx}})
The function @code{gpgme_trust_item_get_string_attr} returns the value
of the string-representable attribute @var{what} of trust item
@var{item}. The arguments @var{idx} and @var{reserved} are reserved
for later use and should be @code{0} and @code{NULL} respectively.
The string returned is only valid as long as the key is valid.
The function returns @code{0} if an attribute can't be returned as a
string, @var{key} is not a valid pointer, @var{idx} out of range,
or @var{reserved} not @code{NULL}.
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun int gpgme_trust_item_get_int_attr (@w{gpgme_trust_item_t @var{item}}, @w{gpgme_attr_t @var{what}}, @w{const void *@var{reserved}}, @w{int @var{idx}})
The function @code{gpgme_trust_item_get_int_attr} returns the value of
the number-representable attribute @var{what} of trust item
@var{item}. If the attribute occurs more than once in the trust item,
the index is specified by @var{idx}. However, currently no such
attribute exists, so @var{idx} should be @code{0}. The argument
@var{reserved} is reserved for later use and should be @code{NULL}.
The function returns @code{0} if the attribute can't be returned as a
number, @var{key} is not a valid pointer, @var{idx} out of range,
or @var{reserved} not @code{NULL}.
@end deftypefun
@deftp {Data type} {enum gpgme_sig_stat_t}
@tindex gpgme_sig_stat_t
The @code{gpgme_sig_stat_t} type holds the result of a signature check, or
the combined result of all signatures. The following results are
possible:
@table @code
@item GPGME_SIG_STAT_NONE
This status should not occur in normal operation.
@item GPGME_SIG_STAT_GOOD
This status indicates that the signature is valid. For the combined
result this status means that all signatures are valid.
@item GPGME_SIG_STAT_GOOD_EXP
This status indicates that the signature is valid but expired. For
the combined result this status means that all signatures are valid
and expired.
@item GPGME_SIG_STAT_GOOD_EXPKEY
This status indicates that the signature is valid but the key used to
verify the signature has expired. For the combined result this status
means that all signatures are valid and all keys are expired.
@item GPGME_SIG_STAT_BAD
This status indicates that the signature is invalid. For the combined
result this status means that all signatures are invalid.
@item GPGME_SIG_STAT_NOKEY
This status indicates that the signature could not be verified due to
a missing key. For the combined result this status means that all
signatures could not be checked due to missing keys.
@item GPGME_SIG_STAT_NOSIG
This status indicates that the signature data provided was not a real
signature.
@item GPGME_SIG_STAT_ERROR
This status indicates that there was some other error which prevented
the signature verification.
@item GPGME_SIG_STAT_DIFF
For the combined result this status means that at least two signatures
have a different status. You can get each key's status with
@code{gpgme_get_sig_status}.
@end table
@end deftp
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_get_sig_status (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{int @var{idx}}, @w{gpgme_sig_stat_t *@var{r_stat}}, @w{time_t *@var{r_created}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_sig_status} is equivalent to:
@example
gpgme_verify_result_t result;
gpgme_signature_t sig;
result = gpgme_op_verify_result (ctx);
sig = result->signatures;
while (sig && idx)
@{
sig = sig->next;
idx--;
@}
if (!sig || idx)
return NULL;
if (r_stat)
@{
switch (gpg_err_code (sig->status))
@{
case GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR:
*r_stat = GPGME_SIG_STAT_GOOD;
break;
case GPG_ERR_BAD_SIGNATURE:
*r_stat = GPGME_SIG_STAT_BAD;
break;
case GPG_ERR_NO_PUBKEY:
*r_stat = GPGME_SIG_STAT_NOKEY;
break;
case GPG_ERR_NO_DATA:
*r_stat = GPGME_SIG_STAT_NOSIG;
break;
case GPG_ERR_SIG_EXPIRED:
*r_stat = GPGME_SIG_STAT_GOOD_EXP;
break;
case GPG_ERR_KEY_EXPIRED:
*r_stat = GPGME_SIG_STAT_GOOD_EXPKEY;
break;
default:
*r_stat = GPGME_SIG_STAT_ERROR;
break;
@}
@}
if (r_created)
*r_created = sig->timestamp;
return sig->fpr;
@end example
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_get_sig_string_attr (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{int @var{idx}}, @w{gpgme_attr_t @var{what}}, @w{int @var{whatidx}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_sig_string_attr} is equivalent to:
@example
gpgme_verify_result_t result;
gpgme_signature_t sig;
result = gpgme_op_verify_result (ctx);
sig = result->signatures;
while (sig && idx)
@{
sig = sig->next;
idx--;
@}
if (!sig || idx)
return NULL;
switch (what)
@{
case GPGME_ATTR_FPR:
return sig->fpr;
case GPGME_ATTR_ERRTOK:
if (whatidx == 1)
return sig->wrong_key_usage ? "Wrong_Key_Usage" : "";
else
return "";
default:
break;
@}
return NULL;
@end example
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_get_sig_ulong_attr (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{int @var{idx}}, @w{gpgme_attr_t @var{waht}}, @w{int @var{whatidx}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_sig_ulong_attr} is equivalent to:
@example
gpgme_verify_result_t result;
gpgme_signature_t sig;
result = gpgme_op_verify_result (ctx);
sig = result->signatures;
while (sig && idx)
@{
sig = sig->next;
idx--;
@}
if (!sig || idx)
return 0;
switch (what)
@{
case GPGME_ATTR_CREATED:
return sig->timestamp;
case GPGME_ATTR_EXPIRE:
return sig->exp_timestamp;
case GPGME_ATTR_VALIDITY:
return (unsigned long) sig->validity;
case GPGME_ATTR_SIG_STATUS:
switch (sig->status)
@{
case GPG_ERR_NO_ERROR:
return GPGME_SIG_STAT_GOOD;
case GPG_ERR_BAD_SIGNATURE:
return GPGME_SIG_STAT_BAD;
case GPG_ERR_NO_PUBKEY:
return GPGME_SIG_STAT_NOKEY;
case GPG_ERR_NO_DATA:
return GPGME_SIG_STAT_NOSIG;
case GPG_ERR_SIG_EXPIRED:
return GPGME_SIG_STAT_GOOD_EXP;
case GPG_ERR_KEY_EXPIRED:
return GPGME_SIG_STAT_GOOD_EXPKEY;
default:
return GPGME_SIG_STAT_ERROR;
@}
case GPGME_ATTR_SIG_SUMMARY:
return sig->summary;
default:
break;
@}
return 0;
@end example
@end deftypefun
@deftypefun {const char *} gpgme_get_sig_key (@w{gpgme_ctx_t @var{ctx}}, @w{int @var{idx}}, @w{gpgme_key_t *@var{r_key}})
The function @code{gpgme_get_sig_key} is equivalent to:
@example
gpgme_verify_result_t result;
gpgme_signature_t sig;
result = gpgme_op_verify_result (ctx);
sig = result->signatures;
while (sig && idx)
@{
sig = sig->next;
idx--;
@}
if (!sig || idx)
return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_EOF);
return gpgme_get_key (ctx, sig->fpr, r_key, 0);
@end example
@end deftypefun
@include lesser.texi
@include gpl.texi
@node Concept Index
@unnumbered Concept Index
@printindex cp
@node Function and Data Index
@unnumbered Function and Data Index
@printindex fn
@bye
diff --git a/lang/python/gpg/constants/__init__.py b/lang/python/gpg/constants/__init__.py
index 2bf180e5..79d1fbc1 100644
--- a/lang/python/gpg/constants/__init__.py
+++ b/lang/python/gpg/constants/__init__.py
@@ -1,142 +1,142 @@
# Constants.
#
# Copyright (C) 2016 g10 Code GmbH
#
# This file is part of GPGME.
#
# GPGME is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
# published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the
# License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# GPGME is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
# or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General
# Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
# License along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals
del absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals
from gpg import util
util.process_constants('GPGME_', globals())
del util
# For convenience, we import the modules here.
from . import data, keylist, sig # The subdirs.
-from . import create, event, md, pk, protocol, sigsum, status, validity
+from . import create, event, keysign, md, pk, protocol, sigsum, status, validity
# A complication arises because 'import' is a reserved keyword.
# Import it as 'Import' instead.
globals()['Import'] = getattr(__import__('', globals(), locals(),
[str('import')], 1), "import")
-__all__ = ['data', 'event', 'import', 'keylist', 'md', 'pk',
+__all__ = ['data', 'event', 'import', 'keysign', 'keylist', 'md', 'pk',
'protocol', 'sig', 'sigsum', 'status', 'validity', 'create']
# GPGME 1.7 replaced gpgme_op_edit with gpgme_op_interact. We
# implement gpg.Context.op_edit using gpgme_op_interact, so the
# callbacks will be called with string keywords instead of numeric
# status messages. Code that is using these constants will continue
# to work.
STATUS_ABORT = "ABORT"
STATUS_ALREADY_SIGNED = "ALREADY_SIGNED"
STATUS_ATTRIBUTE = "ATTRIBUTE"
STATUS_BACKUP_KEY_CREATED = "BACKUP_KEY_CREATED"
STATUS_BAD_PASSPHRASE = "BAD_PASSPHRASE"
STATUS_BADARMOR = "BADARMOR"
STATUS_BADMDC = "BADMDC"
STATUS_BADSIG = "BADSIG"
STATUS_BEGIN_DECRYPTION = "BEGIN_DECRYPTION"
STATUS_BEGIN_ENCRYPTION = "BEGIN_ENCRYPTION"
STATUS_BEGIN_SIGNING = "BEGIN_SIGNING"
STATUS_BEGIN_STREAM = "BEGIN_STREAM"
STATUS_CARDCTRL = "CARDCTRL"
STATUS_DECRYPTION_FAILED = "DECRYPTION_FAILED"
STATUS_DECRYPTION_INFO = "DECRYPTION_INFO"
STATUS_DECRYPTION_OKAY = "DECRYPTION_OKAY"
STATUS_DELETE_PROBLEM = "DELETE_PROBLEM"
STATUS_ENC_TO = "ENC_TO"
STATUS_END_DECRYPTION = "END_DECRYPTION"
STATUS_END_ENCRYPTION = "END_ENCRYPTION"
STATUS_END_STREAM = "END_STREAM"
STATUS_ENTER = "ENTER"
STATUS_ERRMDC = "ERRMDC"
STATUS_ERROR = "ERROR"
STATUS_ERRSIG = "ERRSIG"
STATUS_EXPKEYSIG = "EXPKEYSIG"
STATUS_EXPSIG = "EXPSIG"
STATUS_FAILURE = "FAILURE"
STATUS_FILE_DONE = "FILE_DONE"
STATUS_FILE_ERROR = "FILE_ERROR"
STATUS_FILE_START = "FILE_START"
STATUS_GET_BOOL = "GET_BOOL"
STATUS_GET_HIDDEN = "GET_HIDDEN"
STATUS_GET_LINE = "GET_LINE"
STATUS_GOOD_PASSPHRASE = "GOOD_PASSPHRASE"
STATUS_GOODMDC = "GOODMDC"
STATUS_GOODSIG = "GOODSIG"
STATUS_GOT_IT = "GOT_IT"
STATUS_IMPORT_OK = "IMPORT_OK"
STATUS_IMPORT_PROBLEM = "IMPORT_PROBLEM"
STATUS_IMPORT_RES = "IMPORT_RES"
STATUS_IMPORTED = "IMPORTED"
STATUS_INQUIRE_MAXLEN = "INQUIRE_MAXLEN"
STATUS_INV_RECP = "INV_RECP"
STATUS_INV_SGNR = "INV_SGNR"
STATUS_KEY_CONSIDERED = "KEY_CONSIDERED"
STATUS_KEY_CREATED = "KEY_CREATED"
STATUS_KEY_NOT_CREATED = "KEY_NOT_CREATED"
STATUS_KEYEXPIRED = "KEYEXPIRED"
STATUS_KEYREVOKED = "KEYREVOKED"
STATUS_LEAVE = "LEAVE"
STATUS_MISSING_PASSPHRASE = "MISSING_PASSPHRASE"
STATUS_MOUNTPOINT = "MOUNTPOINT"
STATUS_NEED_PASSPHRASE = "NEED_PASSPHRASE"
STATUS_NEED_PASSPHRASE_PIN = "NEED_PASSPHRASE_PIN"
STATUS_NEED_PASSPHRASE_SYM = "NEED_PASSPHRASE_SYM"
STATUS_NEWSIG = "NEWSIG"
STATUS_NO_PUBKEY = "NO_PUBKEY"
STATUS_NO_RECP = "NO_RECP"
STATUS_NO_SECKEY = "NO_SECKEY"
STATUS_NO_SGNR = "NO_SGNR"
STATUS_NODATA = "NODATA"
STATUS_NOTATION_DATA = "NOTATION_DATA"
STATUS_NOTATION_FLAGS = "NOTATION_FLAGS"
STATUS_NOTATION_NAME = "NOTATION_NAME"
STATUS_PINENTRY_LAUNCHED = "PINENTRY_LAUNCHED"
STATUS_PKA_TRUST_BAD = "PKA_TRUST_BAD"
STATUS_PKA_TRUST_GOOD = "PKA_TRUST_GOOD"
STATUS_PLAINTEXT = "PLAINTEXT"
STATUS_PLAINTEXT_LENGTH = "PLAINTEXT_LENGTH"
STATUS_POLICY_URL = "POLICY_URL"
STATUS_PROGRESS = "PROGRESS"
STATUS_REVKEYSIG = "REVKEYSIG"
STATUS_RSA_OR_IDEA = "RSA_OR_IDEA"
STATUS_SC_OP_FAILURE = "SC_OP_FAILURE"
STATUS_SC_OP_SUCCESS = "SC_OP_SUCCESS"
STATUS_SESSION_KEY = "SESSION_KEY"
STATUS_SHM_GET = "SHM_GET"
STATUS_SHM_GET_BOOL = "SHM_GET_BOOL"
STATUS_SHM_GET_HIDDEN = "SHM_GET_HIDDEN"
STATUS_SHM_INFO = "SHM_INFO"
STATUS_SIG_CREATED = "SIG_CREATED"
STATUS_SIG_ID = "SIG_ID"
STATUS_SIG_SUBPACKET = "SIG_SUBPACKET"
STATUS_SIGEXPIRED = "SIGEXPIRED"
STATUS_SUCCESS = "SUCCESS"
STATUS_TOFU_STATS = "TOFU_STATS"
STATUS_TOFU_STATS_LONG = "TOFU_STATS_LONG"
STATUS_TOFU_USER = "TOFU_USER"
STATUS_TRUNCATED = "TRUNCATED"
STATUS_TRUST_FULLY = "TRUST_FULLY"
STATUS_TRUST_MARGINAL = "TRUST_MARGINAL"
STATUS_TRUST_NEVER = "TRUST_NEVER"
STATUS_TRUST_ULTIMATE = "TRUST_ULTIMATE"
STATUS_TRUST_UNDEFINED = "TRUST_UNDEFINED"
STATUS_UNEXPECTED = "UNEXPECTED"
STATUS_USERID_HINT = "USERID_HINT"
STATUS_VALIDSIG = "VALIDSIG"
diff --git a/lang/python/gpg/constants/keysign.py b/lang/python/gpg/constants/keysign.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fccdbc42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/python/gpg/constants/keysign.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Flags for key signing
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2017 g10 Code GmbH
+#
+# This file is part of GPGME.
+#
+# GPGME is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the
+# License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# GPGME is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+# or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General
+# Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals
+del absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from gpg import util
+util.process_constants('GPGME_KEYSIGN_', globals())
+del util
diff --git a/lang/python/gpg/core.py b/lang/python/gpg/core.py
index 28d4629e..cb4ccf73 100644
--- a/lang/python/gpg/core.py
+++ b/lang/python/gpg/core.py
@@ -1,1420 +1,1461 @@
# Copyright (C) 2016-2017 g10 Code GmbH
# Copyright (C) 2004,2008 Igor Belyi <belyi@users.sourceforge.net>
# Copyright (C) 2002 John Goerzen <jgoerzen@complete.org>
#
# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
# Lesser General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
"""Core functionality
Core functionality of GPGME wrapped in a object-oriented fashion.
Provides the 'Context' class for performing cryptographic operations,
and the 'Data' class describing buffers of data.
"""
from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals
del absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals
import re
import os
import warnings
import weakref
from . import gpgme
from .errors import errorcheck, GPGMEError
from . import constants
from . import errors
from . import util
class GpgmeWrapper(object):
"""Base wrapper class
Not to be instantiated directly.
"""
def __init__(self, wrapped):
self._callback_excinfo = None
self.wrapped = wrapped
def __repr__(self):
return '<{}/{!r}>'.format(super(GpgmeWrapper, self).__repr__(),
self.wrapped)
def __str__(self):
acc = ['{}.{}'.format(__name__, self.__class__.__name__)]
flags = [f for f in self._boolean_properties if getattr(self, f)]
if flags:
acc.append('({})'.format(' '.join(flags)))
return '<{}>'.format(' '.join(acc))
def __hash__(self):
return hash(repr(self.wrapped))
def __eq__(self, other):
if other == None:
return False
else:
return repr(self.wrapped) == repr(other.wrapped)
@property
def _ctype(self):
"""The name of the c type wrapped by this class
Must be set by child classes.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
@property
def _cprefix(self):
"""The common prefix of c functions wrapped by this class
Must be set by child classes.
"""
raise NotImplementedError()
def _errorcheck(self, name):
"""Must be implemented by child classes.
This function must return a trueish value for all c functions
returning gpgme_error_t."""
raise NotImplementedError()
"""The set of all boolean properties"""
_boolean_properties = set()
def __wrap_boolean_property(self, key, do_set=False, value=None):
get_func = getattr(gpgme,
"{}get_{}".format(self._cprefix, key))
set_func = getattr(gpgme,
"{}set_{}".format(self._cprefix, key))
def get(slf):
return bool(get_func(slf.wrapped))
def set_(slf, value):
set_func(slf.wrapped, bool(value))
p = property(get, set_, doc="{} flag".format(key))
setattr(self.__class__, key, p)
if do_set:
set_(self, bool(value))
else:
return get(self)
_munge_docstring = re.compile(r'gpgme_([^(]*)\(([^,]*), (.*\) -> .*)')
def __getattr__(self, key):
"""On-the-fly generation of wrapper methods and properties"""
if key[0] == '_' or self._cprefix == None:
return None
if key in self._boolean_properties:
return self.__wrap_boolean_property(key)
name = self._cprefix + key
func = getattr(gpgme, name)
if self._errorcheck(name):
def _funcwrap(slf, *args):
result = func(slf.wrapped, *args)
if slf._callback_excinfo:
gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(slf)
return errorcheck(result, "Invocation of " + name)
else:
def _funcwrap(slf, *args):
result = func(slf.wrapped, *args)
if slf._callback_excinfo:
gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(slf)
return result
doc = self._munge_docstring.sub(r'\2.\1(\3', getattr(func, "__doc__"))
_funcwrap.__doc__ = doc
# Monkey-patch the class.
setattr(self.__class__, key, _funcwrap)
# Bind the method to 'self'.
def wrapper(*args):
return _funcwrap(self, *args)
wrapper.__doc__ = doc
return wrapper
def __setattr__(self, key, value):
"""On-the-fly generation of properties"""
if key in self._boolean_properties:
self.__wrap_boolean_property(key, True, value)
else:
super(GpgmeWrapper, self).__setattr__(key, value)
class Context(GpgmeWrapper):
"""Context for cryptographic operations
All cryptographic operations in GPGME are performed within a
context, which contains the internal state of the operation as
well as configuration parameters. By using several contexts you
can run several cryptographic operations in parallel, with
different configuration.
Access to a context must be synchronized.
"""
def __init__(self, armor=False, textmode=False, offline=False,
signers=[], pinentry_mode=constants.PINENTRY_MODE_DEFAULT,
protocol=constants.PROTOCOL_OpenPGP,
wrapped=None, home_dir=None):
"""Construct a context object
Keyword arguments:
armor -- enable ASCII armoring (default False)
textmode -- enable canonical text mode (default False)
offline -- do not contact external key sources (default False)
signers -- list of keys used for signing (default [])
pinentry_mode -- pinentry mode (default PINENTRY_MODE_DEFAULT)
protocol -- protocol to use (default PROTOCOL_OpenPGP)
home_dir -- state directory (default is the engine default)
"""
if wrapped:
self.own = False
else:
tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_ctx_t_p()
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_new(tmp))
wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_ctx_t_p_value(tmp)
gpgme.delete_gpgme_ctx_t_p(tmp)
self.own = True
super(Context, self).__init__(wrapped)
self.armor = armor
self.textmode = textmode
self.offline = offline
self.signers = signers
self.pinentry_mode = pinentry_mode
self.protocol = protocol
self.home_dir = home_dir
def __repr__(self):
return (
"Context(armor={0.armor}, "
"textmode={0.textmode}, offline={0.offline}, "
"signers={0.signers}, pinentry_mode={0.pinentry_mode}, "
"protocol={0.protocol}, home_dir={0.home_dir}"
")").format(self)
def encrypt(self, plaintext, recipients=[], sign=True, sink=None,
passphrase=None, always_trust=False, add_encrypt_to=False,
prepare=False, expect_sign=False, compress=True):
"""Encrypt data
Encrypt the given plaintext for the given recipients. If the
list of recipients is empty, the data is encrypted
symmetrically with a passphrase.
The passphrase can be given as parameter, using a callback
registered at the context, or out-of-band via pinentry.
Keyword arguments:
recipients -- list of keys to encrypt to
sign -- sign plaintext (default True)
sink -- write result to sink instead of returning it
passphrase -- for symmetric encryption
always_trust -- always trust the keys (default False)
add_encrypt_to -- encrypt to configured additional keys (default False)
prepare -- (ui) prepare for encryption (default False)
expect_sign -- (ui) prepare for signing (default False)
compress -- compress plaintext (default True)
Returns:
ciphertext -- the encrypted data (or None if sink is given)
result -- additional information about the encryption
sign_result -- additional information about the signature(s)
Raises:
InvalidRecipients -- if encryption using a particular key failed
InvalidSigners -- if signing using a particular key failed
GPGMEError -- as signaled by the underlying library
"""
ciphertext = sink if sink else Data()
flags = 0
flags |= always_trust * constants.ENCRYPT_ALWAYS_TRUST
flags |= (not add_encrypt_to) * constants.ENCRYPT_NO_ENCRYPT_TO
flags |= prepare * constants.ENCRYPT_PREPARE
flags |= expect_sign * constants.ENCRYPT_EXPECT_SIGN
flags |= (not compress) * constants.ENCRYPT_NO_COMPRESS
if passphrase != None:
old_pinentry_mode = self.pinentry_mode
old_passphrase_cb = getattr(self, '_passphrase_cb', None)
self.pinentry_mode = constants.PINENTRY_MODE_LOOPBACK
def passphrase_cb(hint, desc, prev_bad, hook=None):
return passphrase
self.set_passphrase_cb(passphrase_cb)
try:
if sign:
self.op_encrypt_sign(recipients, flags, plaintext, ciphertext)
else:
self.op_encrypt(recipients, flags, plaintext, ciphertext)
except errors.GPGMEError as e:
if e.getcode() == errors.UNUSABLE_PUBKEY:
result = self.op_encrypt_result()
if result.invalid_recipients:
raise errors.InvalidRecipients(result.invalid_recipients)
if e.getcode() == errors.UNUSABLE_SECKEY:
sig_result = self.op_sign_result()
if sig_result.invalid_signers:
raise errors.InvalidSigners(sig_result.invalid_signers)
raise
finally:
if passphrase != None:
self.pinentry_mode = old_pinentry_mode
if old_passphrase_cb:
self.set_passphrase_cb(*old_passphrase_cb[1:])
result = self.op_encrypt_result()
assert not result.invalid_recipients
sig_result = self.op_sign_result() if sign else None
assert not sig_result or not sig_result.invalid_signers
cipherbytes = None
if not sink:
ciphertext.seek(0, os.SEEK_SET)
cipherbytes = ciphertext.read()
return cipherbytes, result, sig_result
def decrypt(self, ciphertext, sink=None, passphrase=None, verify=True):
"""Decrypt data
Decrypt the given ciphertext and verify any signatures. If
VERIFY is an iterable of keys, the ciphertext must be signed
by all those keys, otherwise an error is raised.
If the ciphertext is symmetrically encrypted using a
passphrase, that passphrase can be given as parameter, using a
callback registered at the context, or out-of-band via
pinentry.
Keyword arguments:
sink -- write result to sink instead of returning it
passphrase -- for symmetric decryption
verify -- check signatures (default True)
Returns:
plaintext -- the decrypted data (or None if sink is given)
result -- additional information about the decryption
verify_result -- additional information about the signature(s)
Raises:
UnsupportedAlgorithm -- if an unsupported algorithm was used
BadSignatures -- if a bad signature is encountered
MissingSignatures -- if expected signatures are missing or bad
GPGMEError -- as signaled by the underlying library
"""
plaintext = sink if sink else Data()
if passphrase != None:
old_pinentry_mode = self.pinentry_mode
old_passphrase_cb = getattr(self, '_passphrase_cb', None)
self.pinentry_mode = constants.PINENTRY_MODE_LOOPBACK
def passphrase_cb(hint, desc, prev_bad, hook=None):
return passphrase
self.set_passphrase_cb(passphrase_cb)
try:
if verify:
self.op_decrypt_verify(ciphertext, plaintext)
else:
self.op_decrypt(ciphertext, plaintext)
finally:
if passphrase != None:
self.pinentry_mode = old_pinentry_mode
if old_passphrase_cb:
self.set_passphrase_cb(*old_passphrase_cb[1:])
result = self.op_decrypt_result()
verify_result = self.op_verify_result() if verify else None
if result.unsupported_algorithm:
raise errors.UnsupportedAlgorithm(result.unsupported_algorithm)
if verify:
if any(s.status != errors.NO_ERROR
for s in verify_result.signatures):
raise errors.BadSignatures(verify_result)
if verify and verify != True:
missing = list()
for key in verify:
ok = False
for subkey in key.subkeys:
for sig in verify_result.signatures:
if sig.summary & constants.SIGSUM_VALID == 0:
continue
if subkey.can_sign and subkey.fpr == sig.fpr:
ok = True
break
if ok:
break
if not ok:
missing.append(key)
if missing:
raise errors.MissingSignatures(verify_result, missing)
plainbytes = None
if not sink:
plaintext.seek(0, os.SEEK_SET)
plainbytes = plaintext.read()
return plainbytes, result, verify_result
def sign(self, data, sink=None, mode=constants.SIG_MODE_NORMAL):
"""Sign data
Sign the given data with either the configured default local
key, or the 'signers' keys of this context.
Keyword arguments:
mode -- signature mode (default: normal, see below)
sink -- write result to sink instead of returning it
Returns:
either
signed_data -- encoded data and signature (normal mode)
signature -- only the signature data (detached mode)
cleartext -- data and signature as text (cleartext mode)
(or None if sink is given)
result -- additional information about the signature(s)
Raises:
InvalidSigners -- if signing using a particular key failed
GPGMEError -- as signaled by the underlying library
"""
signeddata = sink if sink else Data()
try:
self.op_sign(data, signeddata, mode)
except errors.GPGMEError as e:
if e.getcode() == errors.UNUSABLE_SECKEY:
result = self.op_sign_result()
if result.invalid_signers:
raise errors.InvalidSigners(result.invalid_signers)
raise
result = self.op_sign_result()
assert not result.invalid_signers
signedbytes = None
if not sink:
signeddata.seek(0, os.SEEK_SET)
signedbytes = signeddata.read()
return signedbytes, result
def verify(self, signed_data, signature=None, sink=None, verify=[]):
"""Verify signatures
Verify signatures over data. If VERIFY is an iterable of
keys, the ciphertext must be signed by all those keys,
otherwise an error is raised.
Keyword arguments:
signature -- detached signature data
sink -- write result to sink instead of returning it
Returns:
data -- the plain data
(or None if sink is given, or we verified a detached signature)
result -- additional information about the signature(s)
Raises:
BadSignatures -- if a bad signature is encountered
MissingSignatures -- if expected signatures are missing or bad
GPGMEError -- as signaled by the underlying library
"""
if signature:
# Detached signature, we don't return the plain text.
data = None
else:
data = sink if sink else Data()
if signature:
self.op_verify(signature, signed_data, None)
else:
self.op_verify(signed_data, None, data)
result = self.op_verify_result()
if any(s.status != errors.NO_ERROR for s in result.signatures):
raise errors.BadSignatures(result)
missing = list()
for key in verify:
ok = False
for subkey in key.subkeys:
for sig in result.signatures:
if sig.summary & constants.SIGSUM_VALID == 0:
continue
if subkey.can_sign and subkey.fpr == sig.fpr:
ok = True
break
if ok:
break
if not ok:
missing.append(key)
if missing:
raise errors.MissingSignatures(result, missing)
plainbytes = None
if data and not sink:
data.seek(0, os.SEEK_SET)
plainbytes = data.read()
return plainbytes, result
def keylist(self, pattern=None, secret=False,
mode=constants.keylist.mode.LOCAL):
"""List keys
Keyword arguments:
pattern -- return keys matching pattern (default: all keys)
secret -- return only secret keys (default: False)
mode -- keylist mode (default: list local keys)
Returns:
-- an iterator returning key objects
Raises:
GPGMEError -- as signaled by the underlying library
"""
self.set_keylist_mode(mode)
return self.op_keylist_all(pattern, secret)
def create_key(self, userid, algorithm=None, expires_in=0, expires=True,
sign=False, encrypt=False, certify=False, authenticate=False,
passphrase=None, force=False):
"""Create a primary key
Create a primary key for the user id USERID.
ALGORITHM may be used to specify the public key encryption
algorithm for the new key. By default, a reasonable default
is chosen. You may use "future-default" to select an
algorithm that will be the default in a future implementation
of the engine. ALGORITHM may be a string like "rsa", or
"rsa2048" to explicitly request an algorithm and a key size.
EXPIRES_IN specifies the expiration time of the key in number
of seconds since the keys creation. By default, a reasonable
expiration time is chosen. If you want to create a key that
does not expire, use the keyword argument EXPIRES.
SIGN, ENCRYPT, CERTIFY, and AUTHENTICATE can be used to
request the capabilities of the new key. If you don't request
any, a reasonable set of capabilities is selected, and in case
of OpenPGP, a subkey with a reasonable set of capabilities is
created.
If PASSPHRASE is None (the default), then the key will not be
protected with a passphrase. If PASSPHRASE is a string, it
will be used to protect the key. If PASSPHRASE is True, the
passphrase must be supplied using a passphrase callback or
out-of-band with a pinentry.
Keyword arguments:
algorithm -- public key algorithm, see above (default: reasonable)
expires_in -- expiration time in seconds (default: reasonable)
expires -- whether or not the key should expire (default: True)
sign -- request the signing capability (see above)
encrypt -- request the encryption capability (see above)
certify -- request the certification capability (see above)
authenticate -- request the authentication capability (see above)
passphrase -- protect the key with a passphrase (default: no passphrase)
force -- force key creation even if a key with the same userid exists
(default: False)
Returns:
-- an object describing the result of the key creation
Raises:
GPGMEError -- as signaled by the underlying library
"""
if util.is_a_string(passphrase):
old_pinentry_mode = self.pinentry_mode
old_passphrase_cb = getattr(self, '_passphrase_cb', None)
self.pinentry_mode = constants.PINENTRY_MODE_LOOPBACK
def passphrase_cb(hint, desc, prev_bad, hook=None):
return passphrase
self.set_passphrase_cb(passphrase_cb)
try:
self.op_createkey(userid, algorithm,
0, # reserved
expires_in,
None, # extrakey
((constants.create.SIGN if sign else 0)
| (constants.create.ENCR if encrypt else 0)
| (constants.create.CERT if certify else 0)
| (constants.create.AUTH if authenticate else 0)
| (constants.create.NOPASSWD if passphrase == None else 0)
| (0 if expires else constants.create.NOEXPIRE)
| (constants.create.FORCE if force else 0)))
finally:
if util.is_a_string(passphrase):
self.pinentry_mode = old_pinentry_mode
if old_passphrase_cb:
self.set_passphrase_cb(*old_passphrase_cb[1:])
return self.op_genkey_result()
def create_subkey(self, key, algorithm=None, expires_in=0, expires=True,
sign=False, encrypt=False, authenticate=False, passphrase=None):
"""Create a subkey
Create a subkey for the given KEY. As subkeys are a concept
of OpenPGP, calling this is only valid for the OpenPGP
protocol.
ALGORITHM may be used to specify the public key encryption
algorithm for the new subkey. By default, a reasonable
default is chosen. You may use "future-default" to select an
algorithm that will be the default in a future implementation
of the engine. ALGORITHM may be a string like "rsa", or
"rsa2048" to explicitly request an algorithm and a key size.
EXPIRES_IN specifies the expiration time of the subkey in
number of seconds since the subkeys creation. By default, a
reasonable expiration time is chosen. If you want to create a
subkey that does not expire, use the keyword argument EXPIRES.
SIGN, ENCRYPT, and AUTHENTICATE can be used to request the
capabilities of the new subkey. If you don't request any, an
encryption subkey is generated.
If PASSPHRASE is None (the default), then the subkey will not
be protected with a passphrase. If PASSPHRASE is a string, it
will be used to protect the subkey. If PASSPHRASE is True,
the passphrase must be supplied using a passphrase callback or
out-of-band with a pinentry.
Keyword arguments:
algorithm -- public key algorithm, see above (default: reasonable)
expires_in -- expiration time in seconds (default: reasonable)
expires -- whether or not the subkey should expire (default: True)
sign -- request the signing capability (see above)
encrypt -- request the encryption capability (see above)
authenticate -- request the authentication capability (see above)
passphrase -- protect the subkey with a passphrase (default: no passphrase)
Returns:
-- an object describing the result of the subkey creation
Raises:
GPGMEError -- as signaled by the underlying library
"""
if util.is_a_string(passphrase):
old_pinentry_mode = self.pinentry_mode
old_passphrase_cb = getattr(self, '_passphrase_cb', None)
self.pinentry_mode = constants.PINENTRY_MODE_LOOPBACK
def passphrase_cb(hint, desc, prev_bad, hook=None):
return passphrase
self.set_passphrase_cb(passphrase_cb)
try:
self.op_createsubkey(key, algorithm,
0, # reserved
expires_in,
((constants.create.SIGN if sign else 0)
| (constants.create.ENCR if encrypt else 0)
| (constants.create.AUTH if authenticate else 0)
| (constants.create.NOPASSWD
if passphrase == None else 0)
| (0 if expires else constants.create.NOEXPIRE)))
finally:
if util.is_a_string(passphrase):
self.pinentry_mode = old_pinentry_mode
if old_passphrase_cb:
self.set_passphrase_cb(*old_passphrase_cb[1:])
return self.op_genkey_result()
def key_add_uid(self, key, uid):
"""Add a UID
Add the uid UID to the given KEY. Calling this function is
only valid for the OpenPGP protocol.
Raises:
GPGMEError -- as signaled by the underlying library
"""
self.op_adduid(key, uid, 0)
def key_revoke_uid(self, key, uid):
"""Revoke a UID
Revoke the uid UID from the given KEY. Calling this function
is only valid for the OpenPGP protocol.
Raises:
GPGMEError -- as signaled by the underlying library
"""
self.op_revuid(key, uid, 0)
+ def key_sign(self, key, uids=None, expires_in=False, local=False):
+ """Sign a key
+
+ Sign a key with the current set of signing keys. Calling this
+ function is only valid for the OpenPGP protocol.
+
+ If UIDS is None (the default), then all UIDs are signed. If
+ it is a string, then only the matching UID is signed. If it
+ is a list of strings, then all matching UIDs are signed. Note
+ that a case-sensitive exact string comparison is done.
+
+ EXPIRES_IN specifies the expiration time of the signature in
+ seconds. If EXPIRES_IN is False, the signature does not
+ expire.
+
+ Keyword arguments:
+ uids -- user ids to sign, see above (default: sign all)
+ expires_in -- validity period of the signature in seconds
+ (default: do not expire)
+ local -- create a local, non-exportable signature
+ (default: False)
+
+ Raises:
+ GPGMEError -- as signaled by the underlying library
+
+ """
+ flags = 0
+ if uids == None or util.is_a_string(uids):
+ pass#through unchanged
+ else:
+ flags |= constants.keysign.LFSEP
+ uids = "\n".join(uids)
+
+ if not expires_in:
+ flags |= constants.keysign.NOEXPIRE
+
+ if local:
+ flags |= constants.keysign.LOCAL
+
+ self.op_keysign(key, uids, expires_in, flags)
+
def assuan_transact(self, command,
data_cb=None, inquire_cb=None, status_cb=None):
"""Issue a raw assuan command
This function can be used to issue a raw assuan command to the
engine.
If command is a string or bytes, it will be used as-is. If it
is an iterable of strings, it will be properly escaped and
joined into an well-formed assuan command.
Keyword arguments:
data_cb -- a callback receiving data lines
inquire_cb -- a callback providing more information
status_cb -- a callback receiving status lines
Returns:
result -- the result of command as GPGMEError
Raises:
GPGMEError -- as signaled by the underlying library
"""
if util.is_a_string(command) or isinstance(command, bytes):
cmd = command
else:
cmd = " ".join(util.percent_escape(f) for f in command)
errptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_error_t_p()
err = gpgme.gpgme_op_assuan_transact_ext(
self.wrapped,
cmd,
(weakref.ref(self), data_cb) if data_cb else None,
(weakref.ref(self), inquire_cb) if inquire_cb else None,
(weakref.ref(self), status_cb) if status_cb else None,
errptr)
if self._callback_excinfo:
gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(self)
errorcheck(err)
status = gpgme.gpgme_error_t_p_value(errptr)
gpgme.delete_gpgme_error_t_p(errptr)
return GPGMEError(status) if status != 0 else None
def interact(self, key, func, sink=None, flags=0, fnc_value=None):
"""Interact with the engine
This method can be used to edit keys and cards interactively.
KEY is the key to edit, FUNC is called repeatedly with two
unicode arguments, 'keyword' and 'args'. See the GPGME manual
for details.
Keyword arguments:
sink -- if given, additional output is written here
flags -- use constants.INTERACT_CARD to edit a card
Raises:
GPGMEError -- as signaled by the underlying library
"""
if key == None:
raise ValueError("First argument cannot be None")
if sink == None:
sink = Data()
if fnc_value:
opaquedata = (weakref.ref(self), func, fnc_value)
else:
opaquedata = (weakref.ref(self), func)
result = gpgme.gpgme_op_interact(self.wrapped, key, flags,
opaquedata, sink)
if self._callback_excinfo:
gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(self)
errorcheck(result)
@property
def signers(self):
"""Keys used for signing"""
return [self.signers_enum(i) for i in range(self.signers_count())]
@signers.setter
def signers(self, signers):
old = self.signers
self.signers_clear()
try:
for key in signers:
self.signers_add(key)
except:
self.signers = old
raise
@property
def pinentry_mode(self):
"""Pinentry mode"""
return self.get_pinentry_mode()
@pinentry_mode.setter
def pinentry_mode(self, value):
self.set_pinentry_mode(value)
@property
def protocol(self):
"""Protocol to use"""
return self.get_protocol()
@protocol.setter
def protocol(self, value):
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_engine_check_version(value))
self.set_protocol(value)
@property
def home_dir(self):
"""Engine's home directory"""
return self.engine_info.home_dir
@home_dir.setter
def home_dir(self, value):
self.set_engine_info(self.protocol, home_dir=value)
_ctype = 'gpgme_ctx_t'
_cprefix = 'gpgme_'
def _errorcheck(self, name):
"""This function should list all functions returning gpgme_error_t"""
# The list of functions is created using:
#
# $ grep '^gpgme_error_t ' obj/lang/python/python3.5-gpg/gpgme.h \
# | grep -v _op_ | awk "/\(gpgme_ctx/ { printf (\"'%s',\\n\", \$2) } "
return ((name.startswith('gpgme_op_')
and not name.endswith('_result'))
or name in {
'gpgme_new',
'gpgme_set_ctx_flag',
'gpgme_set_protocol',
'gpgme_set_sub_protocol',
'gpgme_set_keylist_mode',
'gpgme_set_pinentry_mode',
'gpgme_set_locale',
'gpgme_ctx_set_engine_info',
'gpgme_signers_add',
'gpgme_sig_notation_add',
'gpgme_set_sender',
'gpgme_cancel',
'gpgme_cancel_async',
'gpgme_get_key',
})
_boolean_properties = {'armor', 'textmode', 'offline'}
def __del__(self):
if not gpgme:
# At interpreter shutdown, gpgme is set to NONE.
return
self._free_passcb()
self._free_progresscb()
self._free_statuscb()
if self.own and self.wrapped and gpgme.gpgme_release:
gpgme.gpgme_release(self.wrapped)
self.wrapped = None
# Implement the context manager protocol.
def __enter__(self):
return self
def __exit__(self, type, value, tb):
self.__del__()
def op_keylist_all(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.op_keylist_start(*args, **kwargs)
key = self.op_keylist_next()
while key:
yield key
key = self.op_keylist_next()
self.op_keylist_end()
def op_keylist_next(self):
"""Returns the next key in the list created
by a call to op_keylist_start(). The object returned
is of type Key."""
ptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_key_t_p()
try:
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_op_keylist_next(self.wrapped, ptr))
key = gpgme.gpgme_key_t_p_value(ptr)
except errors.GPGMEError as excp:
key = None
if excp.getcode() != errors.EOF:
raise excp
gpgme.delete_gpgme_key_t_p(ptr)
if key:
key.__del__ = lambda self: gpgme.gpgme_key_unref(self)
return key
def get_key(self, fpr, secret=False):
"""Get a key given a fingerprint
Keyword arguments:
secret -- to request a secret key
Returns:
-- the matching key
Raises:
KeyError -- if the key was not found
GPGMEError -- as signaled by the underlying library
"""
ptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_key_t_p()
try:
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_get_key(self.wrapped, fpr, ptr, secret))
except errors.GPGMEError as e:
if e.getcode() == errors.EOF:
raise errors.KeyNotFound(fpr)
raise e
key = gpgme.gpgme_key_t_p_value(ptr)
gpgme.delete_gpgme_key_t_p(ptr)
assert key
key.__del__ = lambda self: gpgme.gpgme_key_unref(self)
return key
def op_trustlist_all(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.op_trustlist_start(*args, **kwargs)
trust = self.op_trustlist_next()
while trust:
yield trust
trust = self.op_trustlist_next()
self.op_trustlist_end()
def op_trustlist_next(self):
"""Returns the next trust item in the list created
by a call to op_trustlist_start(). The object returned
is of type TrustItem."""
ptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_trust_item_t_p()
try:
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_op_trustlist_next(self.wrapped, ptr))
trust = gpgme.gpgme_trust_item_t_p_value(ptr)
except errors.GPGMEError as excp:
trust = None
if excp.getcode() != errors.EOF:
raise
gpgme.delete_gpgme_trust_item_t_p(ptr)
return trust
def set_passphrase_cb(self, func, hook=None):
"""Sets the passphrase callback to the function specified by func.
When the system needs a passphrase, it will call func with three args:
hint, a string describing the key it needs the passphrase for;
desc, a string describing the passphrase it needs;
prev_bad, a boolean equal True if this is a call made after
unsuccessful previous attempt.
If hook has a value other than None it will be passed into the func
as a forth argument.
Please see the GPGME manual for more information.
"""
if func == None:
hookdata = None
else:
if hook == None:
hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), func)
else:
hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), func, hook)
gpgme.gpg_set_passphrase_cb(self, hookdata)
def _free_passcb(self):
if gpgme.gpg_set_passphrase_cb:
self.set_passphrase_cb(None)
def set_progress_cb(self, func, hook=None):
"""Sets the progress meter callback to the function specified by FUNC.
If FUNC is None, the callback will be cleared.
This function will be called to provide an interactive update
of the system's progress. The function will be called with
three arguments, type, total, and current. If HOOK is not
None, it will be supplied as fourth argument.
Please see the GPGME manual for more information.
"""
if func == None:
hookdata = None
else:
if hook == None:
hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), func)
else:
hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), func, hook)
gpgme.gpg_set_progress_cb(self, hookdata)
def _free_progresscb(self):
if gpgme.gpg_set_progress_cb:
self.set_progress_cb(None)
def set_status_cb(self, func, hook=None):
"""Sets the status callback to the function specified by FUNC. If
FUNC is None, the callback will be cleared.
The function will be called with two arguments, keyword and
args. If HOOK is not None, it will be supplied as third
argument.
Please see the GPGME manual for more information.
"""
if func == None:
hookdata = None
else:
if hook == None:
hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), func)
else:
hookdata = (weakref.ref(self), func, hook)
gpgme.gpg_set_status_cb(self, hookdata)
def _free_statuscb(self):
if gpgme.gpg_set_status_cb:
self.set_status_cb(None)
@property
def engine_info(self):
"""Configuration of the engine currently in use"""
p = self.protocol
infos = [i for i in self.get_engine_info() if i.protocol == p]
assert len(infos) == 1
return infos[0]
def get_engine_info(self):
"""Get engine configuration
Returns information about all configured and installed
engines.
Returns:
infos -- a list of engine infos
"""
return gpgme.gpgme_ctx_get_engine_info(self.wrapped)
def set_engine_info(self, proto, file_name=None, home_dir=None):
"""Change engine configuration
Changes the configuration of the crypto engine implementing
the protocol 'proto' for the context.
Keyword arguments:
file_name -- engine program file name (unchanged if None)
home_dir -- configuration directory (unchanged if None)
"""
self.ctx_set_engine_info(proto, file_name, home_dir)
def wait(self, hang):
"""Wait for asynchronous call to finish. Wait forever if hang is True.
Raises an exception on errors.
Please read the GPGME manual for more information.
"""
ptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_error_t_p()
gpgme.gpgme_wait(self.wrapped, ptr, hang)
status = gpgme.gpgme_error_t_p_value(ptr)
gpgme.delete_gpgme_error_t_p(ptr)
errorcheck(status)
def op_edit(self, key, func, fnc_value, out):
"""Start key editing using supplied callback function
Note: This interface is deprecated and will be removed with
GPGME 1.8. Please use .interact instead. Furthermore, we
implement this using gpgme_op_interact, so callbacks will get
called with string keywords instead of numeric status
messages. Code that is using constants.STATUS_X or
constants.status.X will continue to work, whereas code using
magic numbers will break as a result.
"""
warnings.warn("Call to deprecated method op_edit.",
category=DeprecationWarning)
return self.interact(key, func, sink=out, fnc_value=fnc_value)
class Data(GpgmeWrapper):
"""Data buffer
A lot of data has to be exchanged between the user and the crypto
engine, like plaintext messages, ciphertext, signatures and
information about the keys. The technical details about
exchanging the data information are completely abstracted by
GPGME. The user provides and receives the data via `gpgme_data_t'
objects, regardless of the communication protocol between GPGME
and the crypto engine in use.
This Data class is the implementation of the GpgmeData objects.
Please see the information about __init__ for instantiation.
"""
_ctype = 'gpgme_data_t'
_cprefix = 'gpgme_data_'
def _errorcheck(self, name):
"""This function should list all functions returning gpgme_error_t"""
# This list is compiled using
#
# $ grep -v '^gpgme_error_t ' obj/lang/python/python3.5-gpg/gpgme.h \
# | awk "/\(gpgme_data_t/ { printf (\"'%s',\\n\", \$2) } " | sed "s/'\\*/'/"
return name not in {
'gpgme_data_read',
'gpgme_data_write',
'gpgme_data_seek',
'gpgme_data_release',
'gpgme_data_release_and_get_mem',
'gpgme_data_get_encoding',
'gpgme_data_get_file_name',
'gpgme_data_identify',
}
def __init__(self, string=None, file=None, offset=None,
length=None, cbs=None, copy=True):
"""Initialize a new gpgme_data_t object.
If no args are specified, make it an empty object.
If string alone is specified, initialize it with the data
contained there.
If file, offset, and length are all specified, file must
be either a filename or a file-like object, and the object
will be initialized by reading the specified chunk from the file.
If cbs is specified, it MUST be a tuple of the form:
(read_cb, write_cb, seek_cb, release_cb[, hook])
where the first four items are functions implementing reading,
writing, seeking the data, and releasing any resources once
the data object is deallocated. The functions must match the
following prototypes:
def read(amount, hook=None):
return <a b"bytes" object>
def write(data, hook=None):
return <the number of bytes written>
def seek(offset, whence, hook=None):
return <the new file position>
def release(hook=None):
<return value and exceptions are ignored>
The functions may be bound methods. In that case, you can
simply use the 'self' reference instead of using a hook.
If file is specified without any other arguments, then
it must be a filename, and the object will be initialized from
that file.
"""
super(Data, self).__init__(None)
self.data_cbs = None
if cbs != None:
self.new_from_cbs(*cbs)
elif string != None:
self.new_from_mem(string, copy)
elif file != None and offset != None and length != None:
self.new_from_filepart(file, offset, length)
elif file != None:
if util.is_a_string(file):
self.new_from_file(file, copy)
else:
self.new_from_fd(file)
else:
self.new()
def __del__(self):
if not gpgme:
# At interpreter shutdown, gpgme is set to NONE.
return
if self.wrapped != None and gpgme.gpgme_data_release:
gpgme.gpgme_data_release(self.wrapped)
if self._callback_excinfo:
gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(self)
self.wrapped = None
self._free_datacbs()
# Implement the context manager protocol.
def __enter__(self):
return self
def __exit__(self, type, value, tb):
self.__del__()
def _free_datacbs(self):
self._data_cbs = None
def new(self):
tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_data_t_p()
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_data_new(tmp))
self.wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_data_t_p_value(tmp)
gpgme.delete_gpgme_data_t_p(tmp)
def new_from_mem(self, string, copy=True):
tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_data_t_p()
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_data_new_from_mem(tmp,string,len(string),copy))
self.wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_data_t_p_value(tmp)
gpgme.delete_gpgme_data_t_p(tmp)
def new_from_file(self, filename, copy=True):
tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_data_t_p()
try:
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_data_new_from_file(tmp, filename, copy))
except errors.GPGMEError as e:
if e.getcode() == errors.INV_VALUE and not copy:
raise ValueError("delayed reads are not yet supported")
else:
raise e
self.wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_data_t_p_value(tmp)
gpgme.delete_gpgme_data_t_p(tmp)
def new_from_cbs(self, read_cb, write_cb, seek_cb, release_cb, hook=None):
tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_data_t_p()
if hook != None:
hookdata = (weakref.ref(self),
read_cb, write_cb, seek_cb, release_cb, hook)
else:
hookdata = (weakref.ref(self),
read_cb, write_cb, seek_cb, release_cb)
gpgme.gpg_data_new_from_cbs(self, hookdata, tmp)
self.wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_data_t_p_value(tmp)
gpgme.delete_gpgme_data_t_p(tmp)
def new_from_filepart(self, file, offset, length):
"""This wraps the GPGME gpgme_data_new_from_filepart() function.
The argument "file" may be:
* a string specifying a file name, or
* a file-like object supporting the fileno() and the mode attribute.
"""
tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_data_t_p()
filename = None
fp = None
if util.is_a_string(file):
filename = file
else:
fp = gpgme.fdopen(file.fileno(), file.mode)
if fp == None:
raise ValueError("Failed to open file from %s arg %s" % \
(str(type(file)), str(file)))
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_data_new_from_filepart(tmp, filename, fp,
offset, length))
self.wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_data_t_p_value(tmp)
gpgme.delete_gpgme_data_t_p(tmp)
def new_from_fd(self, file):
"""This wraps the GPGME gpgme_data_new_from_fd() function. The
argument "file" must be a file-like object, supporting the
fileno() method.
"""
tmp = gpgme.new_gpgme_data_t_p()
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_data_new_from_fd(tmp, file.fileno()))
self.wrapped = gpgme.gpgme_data_t_p_value(tmp)
gpgme.delete_gpgme_data_t_p(tmp)
def new_from_stream(self, file):
"""This wrap around gpgme_data_new_from_stream is an alias for
new_from_fd() method since in python there's not difference
between file stream and file descriptor"""
self.new_from_fd(file)
def write(self, buffer):
"""Write buffer given as string or bytes.
If a string is given, it is implicitly encoded using UTF-8."""
written = gpgme.gpgme_data_write(self.wrapped, buffer)
if written < 0:
if self._callback_excinfo:
gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(self)
else:
raise GPGMEError.fromSyserror()
return written
def read(self, size = -1):
"""Read at most size bytes, returned as bytes.
If the size argument is negative or omitted, read until EOF is reached.
Returns the data read, or the empty string if there was no data
to read before EOF was reached."""
if size == 0:
return ''
if size > 0:
try:
result = gpgme.gpgme_data_read(self.wrapped, size)
except:
if self._callback_excinfo:
gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(self)
else:
raise
return result
else:
chunks = []
while True:
try:
result = gpgme.gpgme_data_read(self.wrapped, 4096)
except:
if self._callback_excinfo:
gpgme.gpg_raise_callback_exception(self)
else:
raise
if len(result) == 0:
break
chunks.append(result)
return b''.join(chunks)
def pubkey_algo_string(subkey):
"""Return short algorithm string
Return a public key algorithm string (e.g. "rsa2048") for a given
SUBKEY.
Returns:
algo - a string
"""
return gpgme.gpgme_pubkey_algo_string(subkey)
def pubkey_algo_name(algo):
"""Return name of public key algorithm
Return the name of the public key algorithm for a given numeric
algorithm id ALGO (cf. RFC4880).
Returns:
algo - a string
"""
return gpgme.gpgme_pubkey_algo_name(algo)
def hash_algo_name(algo):
"""Return name of hash algorithm
Return the name of the hash algorithm for a given numeric
algorithm id ALGO (cf. RFC4880).
Returns:
algo - a string
"""
return gpgme.gpgme_hash_algo_name(algo)
def get_protocol_name(proto):
"""Get protocol description
Get the string describing protocol PROTO.
Returns:
proto - a string
"""
return gpgme.gpgme_get_protocol_name(proto)
def addrspec_from_uid(uid):
"""Return the address spec
Return the addr-spec (cf. RFC2822 section 4.3) from a user id UID.
Returns:
addr_spec - a string
"""
return gpgme.gpgme_addrspec_from_uid(uid)
def check_version(version=None):
return gpgme.gpgme_check_version(version)
# check_version also makes sure that several subsystems are properly
# initialized, and it must be run at least once before invoking any
# other function. We do it here so that the user does not have to do
# it unless she really wants to check for a certain version.
check_version()
def engine_check_version (proto):
try:
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_engine_check_version(proto))
return True
except errors.GPGMEError:
return False
def get_engine_info():
ptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_engine_info_t_p()
try:
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_get_engine_info(ptr))
info = gpgme.gpgme_engine_info_t_p_value(ptr)
except errors.GPGMEError:
info = None
gpgme.delete_gpgme_engine_info_t_p(ptr)
return info
def set_engine_info(proto, file_name, home_dir=None):
"""Changes the default configuration of the crypto engine implementing
the protocol 'proto'. 'file_name' is the file name of
the executable program implementing this protocol. 'home_dir' is the
directory name of the configuration directory (engine's default is
used if omitted)."""
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_set_engine_info(proto, file_name, home_dir))
def set_locale(category, value):
"""Sets the default locale used by contexts"""
errorcheck(gpgme.gpgme_set_locale(None, category, value))
def wait(hang):
"""Wait for asynchronous call on any Context to finish.
Wait forever if hang is True.
For finished anynch calls it returns a tuple (status, context):
status - status return by asnynchronous call.
context - context which caused this call to return.
Please read the GPGME manual of more information."""
ptr = gpgme.new_gpgme_error_t_p()
context = gpgme.gpgme_wait(None, ptr, hang)
status = gpgme.gpgme_error_t_p_value(ptr)
gpgme.delete_gpgme_error_t_p(ptr)
if context == None:
errorcheck(status)
else:
context = Context(context)
return (status, context)
diff --git a/lang/python/tests/Makefile.am b/lang/python/tests/Makefile.am
index 1d5e1db5..7251cd30 100644
--- a/lang/python/tests/Makefile.am
+++ b/lang/python/tests/Makefile.am
@@ -1,119 +1,120 @@
# Makefile.am for the tests of the Python bindings.
# Copyright (C) 2016 g10 Code GmbH
#
# This file is part of GPGME.
#
# GPGME is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# GPGME is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
# or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General
# Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
# License along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
GPG = gpg
GPG_AGENT = gpg-agent
export GNUPGHOME := $(abs_builddir)
export GPG_AGENT_INFO :=
test_srcdir = $(top_srcdir)/tests/gpg
TESTS_ENVIRONMENT = GNUPGHOME=$(abs_builddir) \
LC_ALL=C GPG_AGENT_INFO= \
top_srcdir=$(top_srcdir) \
srcdir=$(srcdir) \
LD_LIBRARY_PATH="../../../src/.libs:$(LD_LIBRARY_PATH)"
py_tests = t-wrapper.py \
t-callbacks.py \
t-data.py \
t-encrypt.py \
t-encrypt-sym.py \
t-encrypt-sign.py \
t-sign.py \
t-signers.py \
t-decrypt.py \
t-verify.py \
t-decrypt-verify.py \
t-sig-notation.py \
t-export.py \
t-import.py \
t-trustlist.py \
t-edit.py \
t-keylist.py \
t-wait.py \
t-encrypt-large.py \
t-file-name.py \
t-idiomatic.py \
t-protocol-assuan.py \
t-quick-key-creation.py \
t-quick-subkey-creation.py \
- t-quick-key-manipulation.py
+ t-quick-key-manipulation.py \
+ t-quick-key-signing.py
XTESTS = initial.py $(py_tests) final.py
EXTRA_DIST = support.py $(XTESTS) encrypt-only.asc sign-only.asc \
run-tests.py
# XXX: Currently, one cannot override automake's 'check' target. As a
# workaround, we avoid defining 'TESTS', thus automake will not emit
# the 'check' target. For extra robustness, we merely define a
# dependency on 'xcheck', so this hack should also work even if
# automake would emit the 'check' target, as adding dependencies to
# targets is okay.
check: xcheck
.PHONY: xcheck
xcheck: ./pubring-stamp
$(TESTS_ENVIRONMENT) $(PYTHON) $(srcdir)/run-tests.py \
--interpreters="$(PYTHONS)" --srcdir=$(srcdir) $(TESTFLAGS) \
$(XTESTS)
CLEANFILES = secring.gpg pubring.gpg pubring.kbx trustdb.gpg dirmngr.conf \
gpg-agent.conf pubring.kbx~ gpg.conf pubring.gpg~ \
random_seed .gpg-v21-migrated tofu.db \
pubring-stamp private-keys-v1.d/gpg-sample.stamp
private_keys = \
$(test_srcdir)/13CD0F3BDF24BE53FE192D62F18737256FF6E4FD \
$(test_srcdir)/76F7E2B35832976B50A27A282D9B87E44577EB66 \
$(test_srcdir)/A0747D5F9425E6664F4FFBEED20FBCA79FDED2BD \
$(test_srcdir)/13CBE3758AFE42B5E5E2AE4CED27AFA455E3F87F \
$(test_srcdir)/7A030357C0F253A5BBCD282FFC4E521B37558F5C
clean-local:
-$(top_srcdir)/tests/start-stop-agent --stop
-rm -fR -- private-keys-v1.d openpgp-revocs.d S.gpg-agent sshcontrol
./private-keys-v1.d/gpg-sample.stamp: $(private_keys)
$(MKDIR_P) ./private-keys-v1.d
for k in $(private_keys); do \
cp $$k private-keys-v1.d/$${k#$(test_srcdir)/}.key; \
done
echo x > ./private-keys-v1.d/gpg-sample.stamp
./pubring-stamp: $(test_srcdir)/pubdemo.asc \
./gpg.conf ./gpg-agent.conf \
./private-keys-v1.d/gpg-sample.stamp
$(GPG) --batch --no-permission-warning \
--import $(test_srcdir)/pubdemo.asc
-$(GPG) --batch --no-permission-warning \
--import $(test_srcdir)/secdemo.asc
echo x > ./pubring-stamp
./gpg.conf:
# This is required for t-sig-notations.
echo no-force-v3-sigs > ./gpg.conf
echo ignore-invalid-option agent-program >> ./gpg.conf
echo "agent-program `which $(GPG_AGENT)`|--debug-quick-random" >> ./gpg.conf
./gpg-agent.conf:
# This is required for gpg2, which does not support command fd.
echo pinentry-program $(abs_top_srcdir)/tests/gpg/pinentry >$@
echo allow-loopback-pinentry >>$@
diff --git a/lang/python/tests/t-quick-key-signing.py b/lang/python/tests/t-quick-key-signing.py
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..f9778a33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/python/tests/t-quick-key-signing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+# Copyright (C) 2017 g10 Code GmbH
+#
+# This file is part of GPGME.
+#
+# GPGME is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+# under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# GPGME is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+# or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General
+# Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals
+del absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+import gpg
+import itertools
+import time
+
+import support
+
+with support.EphemeralContext() as ctx:
+ uid_counter = 0
+ def make_uid():
+ global uid_counter
+ uid_counter += 1
+ return "user{0}@invalid.example.org".format(uid_counter)
+
+ def make_key():
+ uids = [make_uid() for i in range(3)]
+ res = ctx.create_key(uids[0], certify=True)
+ key = ctx.get_key(res.fpr)
+ for u in uids[1:]:
+ ctx.key_add_uid(key, u)
+ return key, uids
+
+ def check_sigs(key, expected_sigs):
+ keys = list(ctx.keylist(key.fpr, mode=(gpg.constants.keylist.mode.LOCAL
+ |gpg.constants.keylist.mode.SIGS)))
+ assert len(keys) == 1
+ key_uids = {uid.uid: [s for s in uid.signatures] for uid in keys[0].uids}
+ expected = list(expected_sigs)
+
+ while key_uids and expected:
+ uid, signing_key, func = expected[0]
+ match = False
+ for i, s in enumerate(key_uids[uid]):
+ if signing_key.fpr.endswith(s.keyid):
+ if func:
+ func(s)
+ match = True
+ break
+ if match:
+ expected.pop(0)
+ key_uids[uid].pop(i)
+ if not key_uids[uid]:
+ del key_uids[uid]
+
+ assert not key_uids, "Superfluous signatures: {0}".format(key_uids)
+ assert not expected, "Missing signatures: {0}".format(expected)
+
+ # Simplest case. Sign without any options.
+ key_a, uids_a = make_key()
+ key_b, uids_b = make_key()
+ ctx.signers = [key_a]
+
+ def exportable_non_expiring(s):
+ assert s.exportable
+ assert s.expires == 0
+
+ check_sigs(key_b, itertools.product(uids_b, [key_b], [exportable_non_expiring]))
+ ctx.key_sign(key_b)
+ check_sigs(key_b, itertools.product(uids_b, [key_b, key_a], [exportable_non_expiring]))
+
+ # Create a non-exportable signature, and explicitly name all uids.
+ key_c, uids_c = make_key()
+ ctx.signers = [key_a, key_b]
+
+ def non_exportable_non_expiring(s):
+ assert s.exportable == 0
+ assert s.expires == 0
+
+ ctx.key_sign(key_c, local=True, uids=uids_c)
+ check_sigs(key_c,
+ list(itertools.product(uids_c, [key_c],
+ [exportable_non_expiring]))
+ + list(itertools.product(uids_c, [key_b, key_a],
+ [non_exportable_non_expiring])))
+
+ # Create a non-exportable, expiring signature for a single uid.
+ key_d, uids_d = make_key()
+ ctx.signers = [key_c]
+ expires_in = 600
+ slack = 10
+
+ def non_exportable_expiring(s):
+ assert s.exportable == 0
+ assert abs(time.time() + expires_in - s.expires) < slack
+
+ ctx.key_sign(key_d, local=True, expires_in=expires_in, uids=uids_d[0])
+ check_sigs(key_d,
+ list(itertools.product(uids_d, [key_d],
+ [exportable_non_expiring]))
+ + list(itertools.product(uids_d[:1], [key_c],
+ [non_exportable_expiring])))
+
+ # Now sign the second in the same fashion, but use a singleton list.
+ ctx.key_sign(key_d, local=True, expires_in=expires_in, uids=uids_d[1:2])
+ check_sigs(key_d,
+ list(itertools.product(uids_d, [key_d],
+ [exportable_non_expiring]))
+ + list(itertools.product(uids_d[:2], [key_c],
+ [non_exportable_expiring])))

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