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	/* app.c - Application selection.
	* Copyright (C) 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
	*
	* This file is part of GnuPG.
	*
	* GnuPG is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
	* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
	* the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
	* (at your option) any later version.
	*
	* GnuPG is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
	* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
	* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
	* GNU General Public License for more details.
	*
	* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
	* along with this program; if not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	*/

	#include <config.h>
	#include <errno.h>
	#include <stdio.h>
	#include <stdlib.h>
	#include <string.h>
	#include <npth.h>

	#include "scdaemon.h"
	#include "../common/exechelp.h"
	#include "iso7816.h"
	#include "apdu.h"
	#include "../common/tlv.h"

	/* Lock to protect the list of cards and its associated
	* applications. */
	static npth_mutex_t card_list_lock;

	/* A list of card contexts. A card is a collection of applications
	* (described by app_t) on the same physical token. */
	static card_t card_top;


	/* The list of application names and their select function. If no
	* specific application is selected the first available application on
	* a card is selected. */
	struct app_priority_list_s
	{
	apptype_t apptype;
	char const *name;
	gpg_error_t (*select_func)(app_t);
	};

	static struct app_priority_list_s app_priority_list[] =
	{{ APPTYPE_OPENPGP , "openpgp", app_select_openpgp },
	{ APPTYPE_PIV , "piv", app_select_piv },
	{ APPTYPE_NKS , "nks", app_select_nks },
	{ APPTYPE_P15 , "p15", app_select_p15 },
	{ APPTYPE_GELDKARTE, "geldkarte", app_select_geldkarte },
	{ APPTYPE_DINSIG , "dinsig", app_select_dinsig },
	{ APPTYPE_SC_HSM , "sc-hsm", app_select_sc_hsm },
	{ APPTYPE_NONE , NULL, NULL }
	/* APPTYPE_UNDEFINED is special and not listed here. */
	};





	/* Map a cardtype to a string. Never returns NULL. */
	const char *
	strcardtype (cardtype_t t)
	{
	switch (t)
	{
	case CARDTYPE_GENERIC: return "generic";
	case CARDTYPE_YUBIKEY: return "yubikey";
	}
	return "?";
	}


	/* Map an application type to a string. Never returns NULL. */
	const char *
	strapptype (apptype_t t)
	{
	int i;

	for (i=0; app_priority_list[i].apptype; i++)
	if (app_priority_list[i].apptype == t)
	return app_priority_list[i].name;
	return t == APPTYPE_UNDEFINED? "undefined" : t? "?" : "none";
	}


	/* Return the apptype for NAME. */
	static apptype_t
	apptype_from_name (const char *name)
	{
	int i;

	if (!name)
	return APPTYPE_NONE;

	for (i=0; app_priority_list[i].apptype; i++)
	if (!ascii_strcasecmp (app_priority_list[i].name, name))
	return app_priority_list[i].apptype;
	if (!ascii_strcasecmp ("undefined", name))
	return APPTYPE_UNDEFINED;
	return APPTYPE_NONE;
	}


	/* Initialization function to change the default app_priority_list.
	* LIST is a list of comma or space separated strings with application
	* names. Unknown names will only result in warning message.
	* Application not mentioned in LIST are used in their original order
	* after the given once. */
	void
	app_update_priority_list (const char *arg)
	{
	struct app_priority_list_s save;
	char **names;
	int i, j, idx;

	names = strtokenize (arg, ", ");
	if (!names)
	log_fatal ("strtokenize failed: %s\n",
	gpg_strerror (gpg_error_from_syserror ()));

	idx = 0;
	for (i=0; names[i]; i++)
	{
	ascii_strlwr (names[i]);
	for (j=0; j < i; j++)
	if (!strcmp (names[j], names[i]))
	break;
	if (j < i)
	{
	log_info ("warning: duplicate application '%s' in priority list\n",
	names[i]);
	continue;
	}

	for (j=idx; app_priority_list[j].name; j++)
	if (!strcmp (names[i], app_priority_list[j].name))
	break;
	if (!app_priority_list[j].name)
	{
	log_info ("warning: unknown application '%s' in priority list\n",
	names[i]);
	continue;
	}
	save = app_priority_list[idx];
	app_priority_list[idx] = app_priority_list[j];
	app_priority_list[j] = save;
	idx++;
	}
	log_assert (idx < DIM (app_priority_list));

	xfree (names);
	for (i=0; app_priority_list[i].name; i++)
	log_info ("app priority %d: %s\n", i, app_priority_list[i].name);
	}


	static void
	print_progress_line (void opaque, const char what, int pc, int cur, int tot)
	{
	ctrl_t ctrl = opaque;
	char line[100];

	if (ctrl)
	{
	snprintf (line, sizeof line, "%s %c %d %d", what, pc, cur, tot);
	send_status_direct (ctrl, "PROGRESS", line);
	}
	}


	/* Lock the CARD. This function shall be used right before calling
	* any of the actual application functions to serialize access to the
	* reader. We do this always even if the card is not actually used.
	* This allows an actual connection to assume that it never shares a
	* card (while performing one command). Returns 0 on success; only
	* then the unlock_reader function must be called after returning from
	* the handler. Right now we assume a that a reader has just one
	* card; this may eventually need refinement. */
	static gpg_error_t
	lock_card (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl)
	{
	if (npth_mutex_lock (&card->lock))
	{
	gpg_error_t err = gpg_error_from_syserror ();
	log_error ("failed to acquire CARD lock for %p: %s\n",
	card, gpg_strerror (err));
	return err;
	}

	apdu_set_progress_cb (card->slot, print_progress_line, ctrl);
	apdu_set_prompt_cb (card->slot, popup_prompt, ctrl);

	return 0;
	}


	/* Release a lock on a card. See lock_reader(). */
	static void
	unlock_card (card_t card)
	{
	apdu_set_progress_cb (card->slot, NULL, NULL);
	apdu_set_prompt_cb (card->slot, NULL, NULL);

	if (npth_mutex_unlock (&card->lock))
	{
	gpg_error_t err = gpg_error_from_syserror ();
	log_error ("failed to release CARD lock for %p: %s\n",
	card, gpg_strerror (err));
	}
	}


	/* This function may be called to print information pertaining to the
	* current state of this module to the log. */
	void
	app_dump_state (void)
	{
	card_t c;
	app_t a;

	npth_mutex_lock (&card_list_lock);
	for (c = card_top; c; c = c->next)
	{
	log_info ("app_dump_state: card=%p slot=%d type=%s\n",
	c, c->slot, strcardtype (c->cardtype));
	for (a=c->app; a; a = a->next)
	log_info ("app_dump_state: app=%p type='%s'\n",
	a, strapptype (a->apptype));
	}
	npth_mutex_unlock (&card_list_lock);
	}


	/* Check whether the application NAME is allowed. This does not mean
	we have support for it though. */
	static int
	is_app_allowed (const char *name)
	{
	strlist_t l;

	for (l=opt.disabled_applications; l; l = l->next)
	if (!strcmp (l->d, name))
	return 0; /* no */
	return 1; /* yes */
	}


	/* This function is mainly used by the serialno command to check for
	* an application conflict which may appear if the serialno command is
	* used to request a specific application and the connection has
	* already done a select_application. Return values are:
	* 0 - No conflict
	* GPG_ERR_FALSE - Another application is in use but it is possible
	* to switch to the requested application.
	* Other code - Switching is not possible.
	*
	* If SERIALNO_BIN is not NULL a coflict is onl asserted if the
	* serialno of the card matches.
	*/
	gpg_error_t
	check_application_conflict (card_t card, const char *name,
	const unsigned char *serialno_bin,
	size_t serialno_bin_len)
	{
	app_t app;

	if (!card \|\| !name)
	return 0;
	if (!card->app)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_CARD_NOT_INITIALIZED); /* Should not happen. */

	if (serialno_bin && card->serialno)
	{
	if (serialno_bin_len != card->serialnolen
	\|\| memcmp (serialno_bin, card->serialno, card->serialnolen))
	return 0; /* The card does not match the requested S/N. */
	}

	/* Check whether the requested NAME matches any already selected
	* application. */
	for (app = card->app; app; app = app->next)
	if (!ascii_strcasecmp (strapptype (app->apptype), name))
	return 0;

	if (card->app->apptype == APPTYPE_UNDEFINED)
	return 0;

	if (card->cardtype == CARDTYPE_YUBIKEY)
	{
	if (card->app->apptype == APPTYPE_OPENPGP)
	{
	/* Current app is OpenPGP. */
	if (!ascii_strcasecmp (name, "piv"))
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_FALSE); /* Switching allowed. */
	}
	else if (card->app->apptype == APPTYPE_PIV)
	{
	/* Current app is PIV. */
	if (!ascii_strcasecmp (name, "openpgp"))
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_FALSE); /* Switching allowed. */
	}
	}

	log_info ("application '%s' in use - can't switch\n",
	strapptype (card->app->apptype));

	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_CONFLICT);
	}


	gpg_error_t
	card_reset (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl, int send_reset)
	{
	gpg_error_t err = 0;

	if (send_reset)
	{
	int sw;

	lock_card (card, ctrl);
	sw = apdu_reset (card->slot);
	if (sw)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_CARD_RESET);

	card->reset_requested = 1;
	unlock_card (card);

	scd_kick_the_loop ();
	gnupg_sleep (1);
	}
	else
	{
	ctrl->card_ctx = NULL;
	ctrl->current_apptype = APPTYPE_NONE;
	card_unref (card);
	}

	return err;
	}

	static gpg_error_t
	app_new_register (int slot, ctrl_t ctrl, const char *name,
	int periodical_check_needed)
	{
	gpg_error_t err = 0;
	card_t card = NULL;
	app_t app = NULL;
	unsigned char *result = NULL;
	size_t resultlen;
	int want_undefined;
	int i;

	/* Need to allocate a new card object */
	card = xtrycalloc (1, sizeof *card);
	if (!card)
	{
	err = gpg_error_from_syserror ();
	log_info ("error allocating context: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
	return err;
	}

	card->slot = slot;
	card->card_status = (unsigned int)-1;

	if (npth_mutex_init (&card->lock, NULL))
	{
	err = gpg_error_from_syserror ();
	log_error ("error initializing mutex: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
	xfree (card);
	return err;
	}

	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	{
	xfree (card);
	return err;
	}

	want_undefined = (name && !strcmp (name, "undefined"));

	/* Try to read the GDO file first to get a default serial number.
	We skip this if the undefined application has been requested. */
	if (!want_undefined)
	{
	err = iso7816_select_file (slot, 0x3F00, 1);
	if (gpg_err_code (err) == GPG_ERR_CARD)
	{
	/* Might be SW==0x7D00. Let's test whether it is a Yubikey
	* by selecting its manager application and then reading the
	* config. */
	static char const yk_aid[] =
	{ 0xA0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x05, 0x27, 0x47, 0x11, 0x17 }; /MGR/
	static char const otp_aid[] =
	{ 0xA0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x05, 0x27, 0x20, 0x01 }; /OTP/
	unsigned char *buf;
	size_t buflen;
	const unsigned char *s0;
	unsigned char formfactor;
	size_t n;

	if (!iso7816_select_application (slot, yk_aid, sizeof yk_aid,
	0x0001)
	&& !iso7816_apdu_direct (slot, "\x00\x1d\x00\x00\x00", 5, 0,
	NULL, &buf, &buflen))
	{
	card->cardtype = CARDTYPE_YUBIKEY;
	if (opt.verbose)
	{
	log_info ("Yubico: config=");
	log_printhex (buf, buflen, "");
	}

	/* We skip the first byte which seems to be the total
	* length of the config data. */
	if (buflen > 1)
	{
	s0 = find_tlv (buf+1, buflen-1, 0x04, &n); /* Form factor */
	formfactor = (s0 && n == 1)? *s0 : 0;

	s0 = find_tlv (buf+1, buflen-1, 0x02, &n); /* Serial */
	if (s0 && n >= 4)
	{
	card->serialno = xtrymalloc (3 + 1 + n);
	if (card->serialno)
	{
	card->serialnolen = 3 + 1 + n;
	card->serialno[0] = 0xff;
	card->serialno[1] = 0x02;
	card->serialno[2] = 0x0;
	card->serialno[3] = formfactor;
	memcpy (card->serialno + 4, s0, n);
	/* Note that we do not clear the error
	* so that no further serial number
	* testing is done. After all we just
	* set the serial number. */
	}
	}

	s0 = find_tlv (buf+1, buflen-1, 0x05, &n); /* version */
	if (s0 && n == 3)
	card->cardversion = ((s0[0]<<16)\|(s0[1]<<8)\|s0[2]);
	else if (!s0)
	{
	/* No version - this is not a Yubikey 5. We now
	* switch to the OTP app and take the first
	* three bytes of the reponse as version
	* number. */
	xfree (buf);
	buf = NULL;
	if (!iso7816_select_application_ext (slot,
	otp_aid, sizeof otp_aid,
	1, &buf, &buflen)
	&& buflen > 3)
	card->cardversion = ((buf[0]<<16)\|(buf[1]<<8)\|buf[2]);
	}
	}
	xfree (buf);
	}
	}

	if (!err)
	err = iso7816_select_file (slot, 0x2F02, 0);
	if (!err)
	err = iso7816_read_binary (slot, 0, 0, &result, &resultlen);
	if (!err)
	{
	size_t n;
	const unsigned char *p;

	p = find_tlv_unchecked (result, resultlen, 0x5A, &n);
	if (p)
	resultlen -= (p-result);
	if (p && n > resultlen && n == 0x0d && resultlen+1 == n)
	{
	/* The object does not fit into the buffer. This is an
	invalid encoding (or the buffer is too short. However, I
	have some test cards with such an invalid encoding and
	therefore I use this ugly workaround to return something
	I can further experiment with. */
	log_info ("enabling BMI testcard workaround\n");
	n--;
	}

	if (p && n <= resultlen)
	{
	/* The GDO file is pretty short, thus we simply reuse it for
	storing the serial number. */
	memmove (result, p, n);
	card->serialno = result;
	card->serialnolen = n;
	err = app_munge_serialno (card);
	if (err)
	goto leave;
	}
	else
	xfree (result);
	result = NULL;
	}
	}

	/* Allocate a new app object. */
	app = xtrycalloc (1, sizeof *app);
	if (!app)
	{
	err = gpg_error_from_syserror ();
	log_info ("error allocating app context: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
	goto leave;
	}
	card->app = app;
	app->card = card;

	/* Figure out the application to use. */
	if (want_undefined)
	{
	/* We switch to the "undefined" application only if explicitly
	requested. */
	app->apptype = APPTYPE_UNDEFINED;
	/* Clear the error so that we don't run through the application
	* selection chain. */
	err = 0;
	}
	else
	{
	/* For certain error codes, there is no need to try more. */
	if (gpg_err_code (err) == GPG_ERR_CARD_NOT_PRESENT
	\|\| gpg_err_code (err) == GPG_ERR_ENODEV)
	goto leave;

	/* Set a default error so that we run through the application
	* selection chain. */
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_NOT_FOUND);
	}

	/* Find the first available app if NAME is NULL or the matching
	* NAME but only if that application is also enabled. */
	for (i=0; err && app_priority_list[i].name; i++)
	{
	if (is_app_allowed (app_priority_list[i].name)
	&& (!name \|\| !strcmp (name, app_priority_list[i].name)))
	err = app_priority_list[i].select_func (app);
	}
	if (err && name && gpg_err_code (err) != GPG_ERR_OBJ_TERM_STATE)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED);

	leave:
	if (err)
	{
	if (name)
	log_info ("can't select application '%s': %s\n",
	name, gpg_strerror (err));
	else
	log_info ("no supported card application found: %s\n",
	gpg_strerror (err));
	unlock_card (card);
	xfree (app);
	xfree (card);
	return err;
	}

	card->periodical_check_needed = periodical_check_needed;
	card->next = card_top;
	card_top = card;

	unlock_card (card);
	return 0;
	}


	/* If called with NAME as NULL, select the best fitting application
	* and return its card context; otherwise select the application with
	* NAME and return its card context. Returns an error code and stores
	* NULL at R_CARD if no application was found or no card is present. */
	gpg_error_t
	select_application (ctrl_t ctrl, const char name, card_t r_card,
	int scan, const unsigned char *serialno_bin,
	size_t serialno_bin_len)
	{
	gpg_error_t err = 0;
	card_t card, card_prev = NULL;

	*r_card = NULL;

	npth_mutex_lock (&card_list_lock);

	if (scan \|\| !card_top)
	{
	struct dev_list *l;
	int new_card = 0;

	/* Scan the devices to find new device(s). */
	err = apdu_dev_list_start (opt.reader_port, &l);
	if (err)
	{
	npth_mutex_unlock (&card_list_lock);
	return err;
	}

	while (1)
	{
	int slot;
	int periodical_check_needed_this;

	slot = apdu_open_reader (l, !card_top);
	if (slot < 0)
	break;

	periodical_check_needed_this = apdu_connect (slot);
	if (periodical_check_needed_this < 0)
	{
	/* We close a reader with no card. */
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_ENODEV);
	}
	else
	{
	err = app_new_register (slot, ctrl, name,
	periodical_check_needed_this);
	new_card++;
	}

	if (err)
	apdu_close_reader (slot);
	}

	apdu_dev_list_finish (l);

	/* If new device(s), kick the scdaemon loop. */
	if (new_card)
	scd_kick_the_loop ();
	}

	for (card = card_top; card; card = card->next)
	{
	lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (serialno_bin == NULL)
	break;
	if (card->serialnolen == serialno_bin_len
	&& !memcmp (card->serialno, serialno_bin, card->serialnolen))
	break;
	unlock_card (card);
	card_prev = card;
	}

	if (card)
	{
	err = check_application_conflict (card, name, NULL, 0);
	if (!err)
	{
	/* Note: We do not use card_ref as we are already locked. */
	card->ref_count++;
	*r_card = card;
	if (card_prev)
	{
	card_prev->next = card->next;
	card->next = card_top;
	card_top = card;
	}

	ctrl->current_apptype = card->app ? card->app->apptype : 0;
	}
	unlock_card (card);
	}
	else
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_ENODEV);

	npth_mutex_unlock (&card_list_lock);

	return err;
	}


	/* This function needs to be called with the NAME of the new
	* application to be selected on CARD. On success the application is
	* added to the list of the card's active applications as currently
	* active application. On error no new application is allocated.
	* Selecting an already selected application has no effect. */
	gpg_error_t
	select_additional_application (ctrl_t ctrl, const char *name)
	{
	gpg_error_t err = 0;
	apptype_t req_apptype;
	card_t card;
	app_t app = NULL;
	int i;

	req_apptype = apptype_from_name (name);
	if (!req_apptype)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_NOT_FOUND);

	card = ctrl->card_ctx;
	if (!card)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_CARD_NOT_INITIALIZED);

	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	/* Check that the requested app has not yet been put onto the list. */
	for (app = card->app; app; app = app->next)
	if (app->apptype == req_apptype)
	{
	/* We already got this one. Note that in this case we don't
	* make it the current one but it doesn't matter because
	* maybe_switch_app will do that anyway. */
	err = 0;
	app = NULL;
	goto leave;
	}
	app = NULL;

	/* Allocate a new app object. */
	app = xtrycalloc (1, sizeof *app);
	if (!app)
	{
	err = gpg_error_from_syserror ();
	log_info ("error allocating app context: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
	goto leave;
	}
	app->card = card;

	/* Find the app and run the select. */
	for (i=0; app_priority_list[i].apptype; i++)
	{
	if (app_priority_list[i].apptype == req_apptype
	&& is_app_allowed (app_priority_list[i].name))
	{
	err = app_priority_list[i].select_func (app);
	break;
	}
	}
	if (!app_priority_list[i].apptype
	\|\| (err && gpg_err_code (err) != GPG_ERR_OBJ_TERM_STATE))
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED);

	if (err)
	goto leave;

	/* Add this app. We make it the current one to avoid an extra
	* reselect by maybe_switch_app after the select we just did. */
	app->next = card->app;
	card->app = app;
	ctrl->current_apptype = app->apptype;
	log_info ("added app '%s' to the card context\n", strapptype (app->apptype));

	leave:
	unlock_card (card);
	if (err)
	xfree (app);
	return err;
	}


	char *
	get_supported_applications (void)
	{
	int idx;
	size_t nbytes;
	char buffer, p;
	const char *s;

	for (nbytes=1, idx=0; (s=app_priority_list[idx].name); idx++)
	nbytes += strlen (s) + 1 + 1;

	buffer = xtrymalloc (nbytes);
	if (!buffer)
	return NULL;

	for (p=buffer, idx=0; (s=app_priority_list[idx].name); idx++)
	if (is_app_allowed (s))
	p = stpcpy (stpcpy (p, s), ":\n");
	*p = 0;

	return buffer;
	}


	/* Deallocate the application. */
	static void
	deallocate_card (card_t card)
	{
	card_t c, c_prev = NULL;
	app_t a, anext;

	for (c = card_top; c; c = c->next)
	if (c == card)
	{
	if (c_prev == NULL)
	card_top = c->next;
	else
	c_prev->next = c->next;
	break;
	}
	else
	c_prev = c;

	if (card->ref_count)
	log_error ("releasing still used card context (%d)\n", card->ref_count);

	for (a = card->app; a; a = anext)
	{
	if (a->fnc.deinit)
	{
	a->fnc.deinit (a);
	a->fnc.deinit = NULL;
	}
	anext = a->next;
	xfree (a);
	}

	xfree (card->serialno);
	unlock_card (card);
	xfree (card);
	}


	/* Increment the reference counter of CARD. Returns CARD. */
	card_t
	card_ref (card_t card)
	{
	lock_card (card, NULL);
	++card->ref_count;
	unlock_card (card);
	return card;
	}


	/* Decrement the reference counter for CARD. Note that we are using
	* reference counting to track the users of the card's application and
	* are deferring the actual deallocation to allow for a later reuse by
	* a new connection. Using NULL for CARD is a no-op. */
	void
	card_unref (card_t card)
	{
	if (!card)
	return;

	/* We don't deallocate CARD here. Instead, we keep it. This is
	useful so that a card does not get reset even if only one session
	is using the card - this way the PIN cache and other cached data
	are preserved. */

	lock_card (card, NULL);
	card_unref_locked (card);
	unlock_card (card);
	}


	/* This is the same as card_unref but assumes that CARD is already
	* locked. */
	void
	card_unref_locked (card_t card)
	{
	if (!card)
	return;

	if (!card->ref_count)
	log_bug ("tried to release an already released card context\n");

	--card->ref_count;
	}



	/* The serial number may need some cosmetics. Do it here. This
	function shall only be called once after a new serial number has
	been put into APP->serialno.

	Prefixes we use:

	FF 00 00 = For serial numbers starting with an FF
	FF 01 00 = Some german p15 cards return an empty serial number so the
	serial number from the EF(TokenInfo) is used instead.
	FF 02 00 = Serial number from Yubikey config
	FF 7F 00 = No serialno.

	All other serial number not starting with FF are used as they are.
	*/
	gpg_error_t
	app_munge_serialno (card_t card)
	{
	if (card->serialnolen && card->serialno[0] == 0xff)
	{
	/* The serial number starts with our special prefix. This
	requires that we put our default prefix "FF0000" in front. */
	unsigned char *p = xtrymalloc (card->serialnolen + 3);
	if (!p)
	return gpg_error_from_syserror ();
	memcpy (p, "\xff\0", 3);
	memcpy (p+3, card->serialno, card->serialnolen);
	card->serialnolen += 3;
	xfree (card->serialno);
	card->serialno = p;
	}
	else if (!card->serialnolen)
	{
	unsigned char *p = xtrymalloc (3);
	if (!p)
	return gpg_error_from_syserror ();
	memcpy (p, "\xff\x7f", 3);
	card->serialnolen = 3;
	xfree (card->serialno);
	card->serialno = p;
	}
	return 0;
	}



	/* Retrieve the serial number of the card. The serial number is
	returned as a malloced string (hex encoded) in SERIAL. Caller must
	free SERIAL unless the function returns an error. */
	char *
	card_get_serialno (card_t card)
	{
	char *serial;

	if (!card)
	return NULL;

	if (!card->serialnolen)
	serial = xtrystrdup ("FF7F00");
	else
	serial = bin2hex (card->serialno, card->serialnolen, NULL);

	return serial;
	}

	/* Same as card_get_serialno but takes an APP object. */
	char *
	app_get_serialno (app_t app)
	{
	if (!app \|\| !app->card)
	return NULL;
	return card_get_serialno (app->card);
	}


	/* Check that the card has been initialized and whether we need to
	* switch to another application on the same card. Switching means
	* that the new active app will be moved to the head of the list at
	* CARD->app. Thus function must be called with the card lock held. */
	static gpg_error_t
	maybe_switch_app (ctrl_t ctrl, card_t card)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;
	app_t app, app_prev;

	if (!card->ref_count \|\| !card->app)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_CARD_NOT_INITIALIZED);
	if (!ctrl->current_apptype)
	{
	/* For whatever reasons the current apptype has not been set -
	* fix that and use the current app. */
	ctrl->current_apptype = card->app->apptype;
	return 0;
	}
	log_debug ("card=%p want=%s card->app=%s\n",
	card, strapptype (ctrl->current_apptype),
	strapptype (card->app->apptype));
	app_dump_state ();
	if (ctrl->current_apptype == card->app->apptype)
	return 0; /* No need to switch. */
	app_prev = card->app;
	for (app = app_prev->next; app; app_prev = app, app = app->next)
	if (app->apptype == ctrl->current_apptype)
	break;
	if (!app)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_WRONG_CARD);

	if (!app->fnc.reselect)
	{
	log_error ("oops: reselect function missing for '%s'\n",
	strapptype(app->apptype));
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_CARD_NOT_INITIALIZED);
	}
	err = app->fnc.reselect (app, ctrl);
	if (err)
	{
	log_error ("error re-selecting '%s': %s\n",
	strapptype(app->apptype), gpg_strerror (err));
	return err;
	}
	/* Swap APP with the head of the app list. Note that APP is not the
	* head of the list. */
	app_prev->next = app->next;
	app->next = card->app;
	card->app = app;
	ctrl->current_apptype = app->apptype;
	log_info ("switched to '%s'\n", strapptype (app->apptype));

	return 0;
	}


	/* Write out the application specific status lines for the LEARN
	command. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_write_learn_status (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl, unsigned int flags)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;
	app_t app;

	if (!card)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);

	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if ((err = maybe_switch_app (ctrl, card)))
	;
	else if (!card->app->fnc.learn_status)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
	else
	{
	app = card->app;

	/* We do not send CARD and APPTYPE if only keypairinfo is requested. */
	if (!(flags &1))
	{
	if (card->cardtype)
	send_status_direct (ctrl, "CARDTYPE", strcardtype (card->cardtype));
	if (card->cardversion)
	send_status_printf (ctrl, "CARDVERSION", "%X", card->cardversion);
	if (app->apptype)
	send_status_direct (ctrl, "APPTYPE", strapptype (app->apptype));
	if (app->appversion)
	send_status_printf (ctrl, "APPVERSION", "%X", app->appversion);
	/* FIXME: Send info for the other active apps of the card? */
	}

	err = app->fnc.learn_status (app, ctrl, flags);
	}

	unlock_card (card);
	return err;
	}


	/* Read the certificate with id CERTID (as returned by learn_status in
	the CERTINFO status lines) and return it in the freshly allocated
	buffer put into CERT and the length of the certificate put into
	CERTLEN. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_readcert (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl, const char *certid,
	unsigned char *cert, size_t certlen)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	if (!card)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if ((err = maybe_switch_app (ctrl, card)))
	;
	else if (!card->app->fnc.readcert)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
	else
	err = card->app->fnc.readcert (card->app, certid, cert, certlen);

	unlock_card (card);
	return err;
	}


	/* Read the key with ID KEYID. On success a canonical encoded
	* S-expression with the public key will get stored at PK and its
	* length (for assertions) at PKLEN; the caller must release that
	* buffer. On error NULL will be stored at PK and PKLEN and an error
	* code returned. If the key is not required NULL may be passed for
	* PK; this makse send if the APP_READKEY_FLAG_INFO has also been set.
	*
	* This function might not be supported by all applications. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_readkey (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl, const char *keyid, unsigned int flags,
	unsigned char *pk, size_t pklen)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	if (pk)
	*pk = NULL;
	if (pklen)
	*pklen = 0;

	if (!card \|\| !keyid)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if ((err = maybe_switch_app (ctrl, card)))
	;
	else if (!card->app->fnc.readkey)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
	else
	err = card->app->fnc.readkey (card->app, ctrl, keyid, flags, pk, pklen);

	unlock_card (card);
	return err;
	}


	/* Perform a GETATTR operation. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_getattr (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl, const char *name)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	if (!card \|\| !name \|\| !*name)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if ((err = maybe_switch_app (ctrl, card)))
	;
	else if (name && !strcmp (name, "CARDTYPE"))
	{
	send_status_direct (ctrl, "CARDTYPE", strcardtype (card->cardtype));
	}
	else if (name && !strcmp (name, "APPTYPE"))
	{
	send_status_direct (ctrl, "APPTYPE", strapptype (card->app->apptype));
	}
	else if (name && !strcmp (name, "SERIALNO"))
	{
	char *serial;

	serial = card_get_serialno (card);
	if (!serial)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	else
	{
	send_status_direct (ctrl, "SERIALNO", serial);
	xfree (serial);
	}
	}
	else if (!card->app->fnc.getattr)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
	else
	err = card->app->fnc.getattr (card->app, ctrl, name);

	unlock_card (card);
	return err;
	}


	/* Perform a SETATTR operation. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_setattr (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl, const char *name,
	gpg_error_t (pincb)(void, const char , char *),
	void *pincb_arg,
	const unsigned char *value, size_t valuelen)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	if (!card \|\| !name \|\| !*name \|\| !value)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if ((err = maybe_switch_app (ctrl, card)))
	;
	else if (!card->app->fnc.setattr)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
	else
	err = card->app->fnc.setattr (card->app, name, pincb, pincb_arg,
	value, valuelen);

	unlock_card (card);
	return err;
	}


	/* Create the signature and return the allocated result in OUTDATA.
	If a PIN is required the PINCB will be used to ask for the PIN; it
	should return the PIN in an allocated buffer and put it into PIN. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_sign (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl, const char *keyidstr, int hashalgo,
	gpg_error_t (pincb)(void, const char , char *),
	void *pincb_arg,
	const void *indata, size_t indatalen,
	unsigned char *outdata, size_t outdatalen )
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	if (!card \|\| !indata \|\| !indatalen \|\| !outdata \|\| !outdatalen \|\| !pincb)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if ((err = maybe_switch_app (ctrl, card)))
	;
	else if (!card->app->fnc.sign)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
	else
	err = card->app->fnc.sign (card->app, keyidstr, hashalgo,
	pincb, pincb_arg,
	indata, indatalen,
	outdata, outdatalen);

	unlock_card (card);
	if (opt.verbose)
	log_info ("operation sign result: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
	return err;
	}


	/* Create the signature using the INTERNAL AUTHENTICATE command and
	return the allocated result in OUTDATA. If a PIN is required the
	PINCB will be used to ask for the PIN; it should return the PIN in
	an allocated buffer and put it into PIN. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_auth (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl, const char *keyidstr,
	gpg_error_t (pincb)(void, const char , char *),
	void *pincb_arg,
	const void *indata, size_t indatalen,
	unsigned char *outdata, size_t outdatalen )
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	if (!card \|\| !indata \|\| !indatalen \|\| !outdata \|\| !outdatalen \|\| !pincb)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if ((err = maybe_switch_app (ctrl, card)))
	;
	else if (!card->app->fnc.auth)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
	else
	err = card->app->fnc.auth (card->app, keyidstr,
	pincb, pincb_arg,
	indata, indatalen,
	outdata, outdatalen);

	unlock_card (card);
	if (opt.verbose)
	log_info ("operation auth result: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
	return err;
	}


	/* Decrypt the data in INDATA and return the allocated result in OUTDATA.
	If a PIN is required the PINCB will be used to ask for the PIN; it
	should return the PIN in an allocated buffer and put it into PIN. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_decipher (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl, const char *keyidstr,
	gpg_error_t (pincb)(void, const char , char *),
	void *pincb_arg,
	const void *indata, size_t indatalen,
	unsigned char *outdata, size_t outdatalen,
	unsigned int *r_info)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	*r_info = 0;

	if (!card \|\| !indata \|\| !indatalen \|\| !outdata \|\| !outdatalen \|\| !pincb)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if ((err = maybe_switch_app (ctrl, card)))
	;
	else if (!card->app->fnc.decipher)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
	else
	err = card->app->fnc.decipher (card->app, keyidstr,
	pincb, pincb_arg,
	indata, indatalen,
	outdata, outdatalen,
	r_info);

	unlock_card (card);
	if (opt.verbose)
	log_info ("operation decipher result: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
	return err;
	}


	/* Perform the WRITECERT operation. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_writecert (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl,
	const char *certidstr,
	gpg_error_t (pincb)(void, const char , char *),
	void *pincb_arg,
	const unsigned char *data, size_t datalen)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	if (!card \|\| !certidstr \|\| !*certidstr \|\| !pincb)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if ((err = maybe_switch_app (ctrl, card)))
	;
	else if (!card->app->fnc.writecert)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
	else
	err = card->app->fnc.writecert (card->app, ctrl, certidstr,
	pincb, pincb_arg, data, datalen);

	unlock_card (card);
	if (opt.verbose)
	log_info ("operation writecert result: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
	return err;
	}


	/* Perform the WRITEKEY operation. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_writekey (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl,
	const char *keyidstr, unsigned int flags,
	gpg_error_t (pincb)(void, const char , char *),
	void *pincb_arg,
	const unsigned char *keydata, size_t keydatalen)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	if (!card \|\| !keyidstr \|\| !*keyidstr \|\| !pincb)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if ((err = maybe_switch_app (ctrl, card)))
	;
	else if (!card->app->fnc.writekey)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
	else
	err = card->app->fnc.writekey (card->app, ctrl, keyidstr, flags,
	pincb, pincb_arg, keydata, keydatalen);

	unlock_card (card);
	if (opt.verbose)
	log_info ("operation writekey result: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
	return err;
	}


	/* Perform a GENKEY operation. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_genkey (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl, const char *keynostr,
	const char *keytype, unsigned int flags, time_t createtime,
	gpg_error_t (pincb)(void, const char , char *),
	void *pincb_arg)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	if (!card \|\| !keynostr \|\| !*keynostr \|\| !pincb)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if ((err = maybe_switch_app (ctrl, card)))
	;
	else if (!card->app->fnc.genkey)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
	else
	err = card->app->fnc.genkey (card->app, ctrl, keynostr, keytype, flags,
	createtime, pincb, pincb_arg);

	unlock_card (card);
	if (opt.verbose)
	log_info ("operation genkey result: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
	return err;
	}


	/* Perform a GET CHALLENGE operation. This function is special as it
	directly accesses the card without any application specific
	wrapper. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_get_challenge (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl,
	size_t nbytes, unsigned char *buffer)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	if (!card \|\| !nbytes \|\| !buffer)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if (!card->ref_count)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_CARD_NOT_INITIALIZED);
	else
	err = iso7816_get_challenge (card->slot, nbytes, buffer);

	unlock_card (card);
	return err;
	}


	/* Perform a CHANGE REFERENCE DATA or RESET RETRY COUNTER operation. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_change_pin (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl, const char *chvnostr,
	unsigned int flags,
	gpg_error_t (pincb)(void, const char , char *),
	void *pincb_arg)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	if (!card \|\| !chvnostr \|\| !*chvnostr \|\| !pincb)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if ((err = maybe_switch_app (ctrl, card)))
	;
	else if (!card->app->fnc.change_pin)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
	else
	err = card->app->fnc.change_pin (card->app, ctrl,
	chvnostr, flags, pincb, pincb_arg);

	unlock_card (card);
	if (opt.verbose)
	log_info ("operation change_pin result: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
	return err;
	}


	/* Perform a VERIFY operation without doing anything else. This may
	be used to initialize a the PIN cache for long lasting other
	operations. Its use is highly application dependent. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_check_pin (card_t card, ctrl_t ctrl, const char *keyidstr,
	gpg_error_t (pincb)(void, const char , char *),
	void *pincb_arg)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	if (!card \|\| !keyidstr \|\| !*keyidstr \|\| !pincb)
	return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);
	err = lock_card (card, ctrl);
	if (err)
	return err;

	if ((err = maybe_switch_app (ctrl, card)))
	;
	else if (!card->app->fnc.check_pin)
	err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
	else
	err = card->app->fnc.check_pin (card->app, keyidstr, pincb, pincb_arg);

	unlock_card (card);
	if (opt.verbose)
	log_info ("operation check_pin result: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
	return err;
	}


	static void
	report_change (int slot, int old_status, int cur_status)
	{
	char homestr, envstr;
	char *fname;
	char templ[50];
	FILE *fp;

	snprintf (templ, sizeof templ, "reader_%d.status", slot);
	fname = make_filename (gnupg_homedir (), templ, NULL );
	fp = fopen (fname, "w");
	if (fp)
	{
	fprintf (fp, "%s\n",
	(cur_status & 1)? "USABLE":
	(cur_status & 4)? "ACTIVE":
	(cur_status & 2)? "PRESENT": "NOCARD");
	fclose (fp);
	}
	xfree (fname);

	homestr = make_filename (gnupg_homedir (), NULL);
	if (gpgrt_asprintf (&envstr, "GNUPGHOME=%s", homestr) < 0)
	log_error ("out of core while building environment\n");
	else
	{
	gpg_error_t err;
	const char args[9], envs[2];
	char numbuf1[30], numbuf2[30], numbuf3[30];

	envs[0] = envstr;
	envs[1] = NULL;

	sprintf (numbuf1, "%d", slot);
	sprintf (numbuf2, "0x%04X", old_status);
	sprintf (numbuf3, "0x%04X", cur_status);
	args[0] = "--reader-port";
	args[1] = numbuf1;
	args[2] = "--old-code";
	args[3] = numbuf2;
	args[4] = "--new-code";
	args[5] = numbuf3;
	args[6] = "--status";
	args[7] = ((cur_status & 1)? "USABLE":
	(cur_status & 4)? "ACTIVE":
	(cur_status & 2)? "PRESENT": "NOCARD");
	args[8] = NULL;

	fname = make_filename (gnupg_homedir (), "scd-event", NULL);
	err = gnupg_spawn_process_detached (fname, args, envs);
	if (err && gpg_err_code (err) != GPG_ERR_ENOENT)
	log_error ("failed to run event handler '%s': %s\n",
	fname, gpg_strerror (err));
	xfree (fname);
	xfree (envstr);
	}
	xfree (homestr);
	}


	int
	scd_update_reader_status_file (void)
	{
	card_t card, card_next;
	int periodical_check_needed = 0;

	npth_mutex_lock (&card_list_lock);
	for (card = card_top; card; card = card_next)
	{
	int sw;
	unsigned int status;

	lock_card (card, NULL);
	card_next = card->next;

	if (card->reset_requested)
	status = 0;
	else
	{
	sw = apdu_get_status (card->slot, 0, &status);
	if (sw == SW_HOST_NO_READER)
	{
	/* Most likely the _reader_ has been unplugged. */
	status = 0;
	}
	else if (sw)
	{
	/* Get status failed. Ignore that. */
	if (card->periodical_check_needed)
	periodical_check_needed = 1;
	unlock_card (card);
	continue;
	}
	}

	if (card->card_status != status)
	{
	report_change (card->slot, card->card_status, status);
	send_client_notifications (card, status == 0);

	if (status == 0)
	{
	log_debug ("Removal of a card: %d\n", card->slot);
	apdu_close_reader (card->slot);
	deallocate_card (card);
	}
	else
	{
	card->card_status = status;
	if (card->periodical_check_needed)
	periodical_check_needed = 1;
	unlock_card (card);
	}
	}
	else
	{
	if (card->periodical_check_needed)
	periodical_check_needed = 1;
	unlock_card (card);
	}
	}

	npth_mutex_unlock (&card_list_lock);

	return periodical_check_needed;
	}

	/* This function must be called once to initialize this module. This
	has to be done before a second thread is spawned. We can't do the
	static initialization because Pth emulation code might not be able
	to do a static init; in particular, it is not possible for W32. */
	gpg_error_t
	initialize_module_command (void)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;

	if (npth_mutex_init (&card_list_lock, NULL))
	{
	err = gpg_error_from_syserror ();
	log_error ("app: error initializing mutex: %s\n", gpg_strerror (err));
	return err;
	}

	return apdu_init ();
	}


	/* Sort helper for app_send_card_list. */
	static int
	compare_card_list_items (const void arg_a, const void arg_b)
	{
	const card_t a = (const card_t )arg_a;
	const card_t b = (const card_t )arg_b;

	return a->slot - b->slot;
	}


	/* Send status lines with the serialno of all inserted cards. */
	gpg_error_t
	app_send_card_list (ctrl_t ctrl)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;
	card_t c;
	char buf[65];
	card_t *cardlist = NULL;
	int n, ncardlist;

	npth_mutex_lock (&card_list_lock);
	for (n=0, c = card_top; c; c = c->next)
	n++;
	cardlist = xtrycalloc (n, sizeof *cardlist);
	if (!cardlist)
	{
	err = gpg_error_from_syserror ();
	goto leave;
	}
	for (ncardlist=0, c = card_top; c; c = c->next)
	cardlist[ncardlist++] = c;
	qsort (cardlist, ncardlist, sizeof *cardlist, compare_card_list_items);

	for (n=0; n < ncardlist; n++)
	{
	if (DIM (buf) < 2 * cardlist[n]->serialnolen + 1)
	continue;

	bin2hex (cardlist[n]->serialno, cardlist[n]->serialnolen, buf);
	send_status_direct (ctrl, "SERIALNO", buf);
	}

	err = 0;

	leave:
	npth_mutex_unlock (&card_list_lock);
	xfree (cardlist);
	return err;
	}


	/* Execute an action for each app. ACTION can be one of:
	*
	* - KEYGRIP_ACTION_SEND_DATA
	*
	* If KEYGRIP_STR matches a public key of any active application
	* send information as LF terminated data lines about the public
	* key. The format of these lines is
	* <keygrip> T <serialno> <idstr>
	* If a match was found a pointer to the matching application is
	* returned. With the KEYGRIP_STR given as NULL, lines for all
	* keys will be send and the return value is NULL.
	*
	* - KEYGRIP_ACTION_WRITE_STATUS
	*
	* Same as KEYGRIP_ACTION_SEND_DATA but uses status lines instead
	* of data lines.
	*
	* - KEYGRIP_ACTION_LOOKUP
	*
	* Returns a pointer to the application matching KEYGRIP_STR but
	* does not emit any status or data lines. If no key with that
	* keygrip is available or KEYGRIP_STR is NULL, NULL is returned.
	*/
	card_t
	app_do_with_keygrip (ctrl_t ctrl, int action, const char *keygrip_str)
	{
	gpg_error_t err;
	card_t c;
	app_t a;

	npth_mutex_lock (&card_list_lock);

	for (c = card_top; c; c = c->next)
	for (a = c->app; a; a = a->next)
	if (a->fnc.with_keygrip)
	{
	if (!lock_card (c, ctrl))
	{
	err = a->fnc.with_keygrip (a, ctrl, action, keygrip_str);
	unlock_card (c);
	if (!err)
	goto leave_the_loop;
	}
	}

	leave_the_loop:

	/* FIXME: Add app switching logic. The above code assumes that the
	* actions can be performend without switching. This needs to be
	* checked. */

	/* Force switching of the app if the selected one is not the current
	* one. Changing the current apptype is sufficient to do this. */
	if (c && c->app && c->app->apptype != a->apptype)
	ctrl->current_apptype = a->apptype;

	npth_mutex_unlock (&card_list_lock);
	return c;
	}

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