Strange - running sudo ldconfig prior to make check did indeed allow the tests to pass and the gnupg executable to build. I don't recall needing to do that until now; has something changed?

I don't know what the "speedo build method" is, so no. I've built this software many times before with the usual routine:

Thank you, @gniibe. That's what I was missing: installing libsqlite3-dev made the difference.

Yes, I saw that in the logs and installed those packages. Now I have sqlite and sqlite3 in /usr/bin, but that doesn't seem to have changed anything.

Yes, of course I did that. The error output I included followed the sequence

I'm seeing something just like this when attempting to install gnupg-2.3.6 on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (running under WSL 2, if it matters).